Objective To investigate the imaging findings and clinicopathological features of osteofibrous dysplasia(OFD)in tibia.Methods The imaging findings of 1 0 cases with OFD in tibia,which were confirmed by pathology and had complete clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Results The disease occurred in children and the main clinical manifestations were anterior mass and arch deformity of calf.X-ray and CT examinations showed that the lesion distributed along the long axis of tibia and the anterior cortex was involved in 9 cases and the posterior cortex was involved in another one;the midpiece of tibia was involved in 7 cases and the lesion located at the junction area between upper third and middle third of tibia in another 3 cases;9 cases showed multilocular osteolytic lesions within the expanded cortex,manifesting as the high-density bony intervals of different thickness among a number of low-density lesions and another one presented as unilocular osteolytic lesion with sclerosis rim.Lesions manifested as multiple bubble-like intermediate or high signal intensity foci and low-signal interval bands on T2WI in 3 cases of MRI examinations.Microscopic examinations revealed that the lesion was composed of fibrous tissue and trabecular bone,fibrous tissue varied from sparse to dense and trabecular bone was surrounded by a great many osteoblasts and osteoclasts of vary number.The lesion presented as band-shaped distribution with more fibrous tissue and less trabecular bone in the central zones (corresponding to osteolytic destruction areas in radiography)and with trabecular bone gradually increasing in the peripheral zones to form abundant merged lamellar bone (corresponding to bony intervals in radiography).Conclusion OFD in tibia is characterized by the high-density bony intervals(low-signal interval bands on T2WI)of different thickness among a number of low-density lesions(multiple bubble-like intermediate or high signal intensity foci on T2WI)within anterior cortex, which reflects the pathological changes.Typical cases can be diagnosed with a variety of imaging findings and clinical features.