Objective To discuss the difference of handwriting characteristics of schizophrenia,neurosis and healthy people according to the gender,the age and the level of educated.Methods The handwriting data were obtained under the standard condition of handwriting,then the 24 Chinese characters handwriting image information were transformed into digital data using the quantitative characteristics of Chinese characters handwriting recognition system (CCQAS4.0),finally the data of 99 patients with schizophrenia and 131 patients with neurosis were analyzed.Results Many significant differences had been found in schizophrenia,neurosis and norm group (P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),such as footer space((198.33±26.50) mm,(180.31±39.31)mm,(192.39±35.08) mm),average line spacing ((4.02 ± 1.68) mm,(5.34 ± 2.20) mm,(4.76 ± 2.00) mm) etc ; and there were also some important differences between the schizophrenia patient and the neurosis patient from different gender,age and education level in the 24 handwriting characteristics (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusions (1) Significant handwriting characteristic differences have surely been found among the schizophrenia/neurosis patient and normal people.(2) Gender,age and education level have impact on the characteristic in the schizophrenia patient and the neurosis patient.

Objective To investigate the differences of handwriting characteristics among different genders,educational backgrounds and ages. Methods The ESP1020 was used to collect 1 474 handwriting samples throughout the country,and the collected handwriting samples were quantized by the self-developed" HCAS" software. The system could automatically extract 36 objective handwriting features,such as the aver-age character area,at the same time,4 subjective handwriting features such as the overall beauty are quanti-fied by the " overall impression evaluation method" . Finally,forty handwriting characteristics data were intro-duced into SPSS23. 0 for statistical analysis. Results There were statistically significant differences in 11 handwriting characteristics between male and female,such as average Chinese characters height ((6. 960± 1. 843) mm,(6. 757±1. 762) mm,t=2. 16,P<0. 05). There were statistically significant differences in 21 handwriting characteristics between the groups with different educational backgrounds,including the average Chinese characters area in primary school and junior high school((52. 175 6± 33. 989 5) mm2 ),in senior high school and technical secondary school(( 64. 320 7 ± 63. 123 5) mm2 ) and in junior college or above ((63. 815 3±58. 147 4)mm2)(t=5. 42,P<0. 01). There were statistically significant differences in 28 hand-writing characteristics in different age groups,such as writing time,pen pressure and Chinese characters area (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusions Demographic variables such as gender,education background and age have different effects on different aspects of handwriting characteristics.

Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGP) is one of the main components of P. grandiflorus, but the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PGP on mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that PGP treatment inhibited the weight loss of DSS-induced UC mice, increased colon length, and reduced DAI, spleen index, and pathological damage within the colon. PGP also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the enhancement of oxidative stress and MPO activity. Meanwhile, PGP restored the levels of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cell-related cytokines and transcription factors in the colon to regulate colonic immunity. Further studies revealed that PGP regulated the balance of colonic immune cells through mesenteric lymphatic circulation. Taken together, PGP exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect and regulates colonic immunity to attenuate DSS-induced UC through mesenteric lymphatic circulation.
Animals ; Mice ; Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy* ; Platycodon ; Colon/pathology* ; Cytokines ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use* ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use* ; Dextran Sulfate ; Disease Models, Animal ; Colitis/chemically induced* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL