Objective:The aim of this study is to examine the impact of inosine pretreatment in pregnant rats on as-trocyte(Ast)responses in the maternal inflammation-induced periventricular leukomalacia(PVL)model in offspring.Methods:The pregnant rats were divided into Control,PVL,and IN-PVL groups.In the PVL group,pregnant rats at gestational day 17(E17)received intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)at a dose of 350 μg/kg for 2 days.In the IN-PVL group,pregnant rats at E1 were administered an inosine solution(1 mg/ml,25 ml/day)for 16 days followed by intraperitoneal injections of LPS for 2 days.Newborn 7-day-old rat brains from each group of pregnant rats were collected,and the protein expression of myelin basic protein(MBP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10(IL-10),glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),complement 3(C3),S100 calcium binding protein A10(S100A10),platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF),chemokine ligand 1(CXCL1),and connexin 43(Cx43)were detected by immunofluorescence staining or Western Blot.Results:The PVL group exhibited a decrease in myelin MBP color area and an increase in hypertrophic Ast in contrast to the Control group.Additionally,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β),GFAP,A1 Ast marker C3,and Ast linker Cx43 were significantly elevated in the PVL group compared to the Control group(P＜0.05).Conversely,protein expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors(IL-4,IL-10),MBP,A2 Ast marker S100A10,and Ast secreted products(PDGF,CXCL 1)were significantly decreased in the PVL group com-pared to the Control group(P＜0.05).Inosine pretreatment effectively reversed the expression levels of these proteins(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Inosine pretreatment of pregnant rats improved cerebral hypomyelination in offspring PVL neonatal rats by regulation of Ast responsiveness and the secretion of pro-myelinating substances.

Objective:To explore the application value of non-invasive myocardial work imaging in evaluating the cardiac function of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:One hundred and twenty-six patients with STEMI undergoing PCI in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from December 2021 to September 2022 were prospectively collected and divided into left ventricular remodeling group (LVR group, 34 cases) and non left ventricular remodeling group (NLVR group, 92 cases) according to whether there was left ventricular remodeling 3 months after surgery. General data were collected. Routine echocardiography and noninvasive myocardial work imaging were performed before, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery, the differences in the above parameters between the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the indicators.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors of left ventricular remodeling after STEMI, and a predictive model was obtained. The diagnostic value of the model was judged by ROC curve.Results:①General information comparison: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, average number of stents implanted, and history of hyperlipidemia (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other data (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE) parameters and non-invasive myocardial work (MW) parameters between the two groups before and 1 week after operation (both P>0.05). ②2D-TTE parameter comparison: LVESV and LVEDV at 3 months after PCI in the LVR group were significantly higher than those in the NLVR group, and LVEF and E/A were significantly lower than those in the NLVR group (all P<0.05); There were no significant differences in other indexes between the two groups by conventional echocardiography at 3 months after PCI(all P>0.05). ③Comparisons of noninvasive myocardial work parameters: GLS, GWE, GWI, GCW at 1 month and 3 months after PCI in the LVR group were significantly lower than those in the NLVR group, and GWW were significantly higher than those in the NLVR group ( P<0.001). ④Correlation analysis: GLS, GWE, GCW, GWI and LVEDV were negatively correlated at 1 month after operation ( r=-0.42, -0.38, -0.50, -0.53, all P<0.001), GWW was positively correlated with LVEDV ( r=0.45, P<0.001). ⑤Logistic regression analysis: GLS<17%, GCW<1 900 mmHg%, GWW>105 mmHg%, and GWE<90 mmHg% at 1 month after PCI were independent predictors for LVR in STEMI patients after PCI (all P<0.05). The predictive model was Logit (P)=0.692GLS+ 0.804GCW+ 0.972GWW+ 0.880GWE. The AUC of this model was 0.886, 95% CI=0.845-0.926, which was significantly higher than single index, the sensitivity was 0.86, and the specificity was 0.79. Conclusions:GLS, GWE, GWI, GCW are positively correlated with LVR, while GWW is negatively correlated with left ventricular remodeling. Noninvasive myocardial work parameters are independent risk factors for left ventricular remodeling in patients with STEMI after PCI surgery. This technique can be used to evaluate LVR and has great clinical application value.