OBJECTIVE: To probe into the status quo and future tendency of utilization of cardiovascular drugs in hospital of high altitude area. METHODS: Consumption sum and DDDs of cardiovascular drugs used in our hospital were analyzed statistically during 2006～2008. RESULTS: Consumption sum of cardiovascular drugs was increased year by year as well as its percentages in the total consumption sum. Top 10 cardiovascular drugs in terms of consumption sum mainly included antianginal drugs, antihypertensive drugs, blood fat harmimegathy drugs and antithrombotics drugs. Consumption sum of antianginal drugs which had occupied 44% in that of cardiovascular drugs took the dominate place in three years. Consumption sum of antihypertensive drugs was increased fast as well as its percentage in cardiovascular drugs about more than 20%. Consumption sum of antithrombotics drugs had occupied about 22%. CONCLUSION: Requirement of cardiovascular drugs was increased year by year. Cardiovascular drugs from foreign countries and joint stock take main place. It is necessary to explore domestic substitute drugs to decrease the cost of cardiovascular drugs.

Objective:To produce hybridoma cell lines of monoclonal antibodies against recombinant human interleukin 18.Methods:Hybridoma techniques were used to fuse BALB/C mice myeloma cell line SP2/0 with B lymphocytes of spleen of BALB/C mice which were immunostimulated with interleukin 18 antigen through polyethyleneglycol (PEG).Single cell lines which stably produce antibodies against interleukin 18 were picked out and identified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Two hybridoma cell lines were obtained and named 1C7 and 1F5,which produce monoclonal antibodies specificity against interleukin 18.They respectively own 88 and 92 chromosomes, the purities of IgG in ascites are all over 95% through affinity chromatography, the titer degrees of ascies are 1?10 -4 and 1?10 -5 respectively.Two antibodies are against two different antigen binding epitopes on the surface of interleukin 18.It was evaluated by Western blot that the two antibodies can bind to interleukin 18 specifically and are made of only single protein strap.Conclusion:Have prepared two hybridoma cell lines which stably secrete high titer and high specific monoclonal antibodies against interleukin 18,which provide the foundation for further studying the structure and the biological function of interleukin 18.

ObjectiveTo explore the imaging of the thrombosis after pharmacological triggering of plaque rupture in atherosclerotic rabbit model by using 3.0 T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsTwenty male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into an experimental group (n = 16) and a control group (n = 4).The aortic wall injuries were induced by an intravascular balloon in experimental group rabbits after high cholesterol diet.The pharmacological triggering with Russell's viper venom and histamine was performed after 3 months of establishment of model.All of the animals underwent pre-trigger and post-trigger MR examinations including 3D time of fight (3D TOF),T1 WI,T2WI and post contrast T1 WI.Euthanasia was performed in all rabbits and gross anatomy and histological specimen of aorta were obtained.Comparing the location and length of the thrombus between MRI images and histopathology was used Pearson test.Comparing the calculated indexes of abdominal aorta between rabbits with and without thrombosis was used AVONA test and LSD-t test.Results After triggering,8 in 14 survived rabbits developed thrombosis in experimental group,meanwhile,no thrombus was found in control group.The accuracy of multi-sequences MRI for detecting of thrombus was 87.1％ (27/31).MRI data correlated with the histopathology regarding thrombus length ( r = 0.85,P ＜ 0.01 ) and thrombus location ( r = 0.94,P＜0.01 ).Compared with rabbits without thrombosis,the rabbits with thrombosis had narrower lumen of abdominal aorta in the pre-triggered MR images [ ( 5.71 ± 2.38 )mm2 vs.( 8.93 ± 5.36) mm2,P ＜ 0.01 ].ConclusionMRI is useful tool to determine the thrombosis and plaque rupture in atherosclerotic rabbit model.

Objective To investigate immunoprophylactic potential of genetic engineering vaccines of enterohaemorrhagie Escherichia coli O157:H7 in BALB/c mice after immunization with these vaccines. Methods Sixty BALB/c mice (3 weeks old) were randomized averagely into 5 groups. Group 1-3 were im-munized respectively with IntiminC300, Stx2B and HIyAN436, group 4 with a combination of these three vaccines, and group 5 with PBS. Each mouse was immunized with vaccine(100 μg)and Al(OH)3 adjuvant (100 μg) for 3 times. After 7 d of the second and third immunization, serum of each mouse was collected and the different antibodies were detected. After 10 d of the last immunization, all mice were given drinking water containing streptomycin for 3 d before and following oral challenge with O157:H7 (109 CFU), and treated with clinical, microbiological and pathological examination. Results The three vaccines elicited high titer antiserum, and some mice were died after infection with O157. The livability of group 1-4 was re-spectively 73%, 64%, 36% and 91%. And these vaccines depressed fecal and colon shedding with O157. Condusion IntiminC300, Stx2B and HIyAN436 have certain protective efficacy for infection of O157, and combined immunization was more effective than single vaccine.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl-2 related proteins (Bim) in multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and their association with drug resistance in the cells.

METHODSThe multdrug-resistant HepG-2 cell line was established by treatment with gradually increasing doses of ADM. CCK-8 assay was used to determine the drug sensitivity of the cells, and the expressions of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2, ERK5, and Bim were detected with Western blot. Bim mRNA expression level was measured using quantitative real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe drug resistance indices to ADM, 5-FU and CDDP was 6.8, 4.10, and 4.5 in HepG-2/ADM cells, respectively. The drug-resistantcells showed marked up-regulation of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2 and ERK5 with down-regulated phosphorylated ERK2 protein expression but no significant changes in phosphorylated ERK1 protein expression to result in a decreased ratio of P-ERK1/2 and P-ERK1/2. Bim mRNA and protein expressions were both decreased in HepG-2/ADM cells.

CONCLUSIONERK and Bim are related to multidrug resistance in HepG-2/ADM cells.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVE: To explore and summarize the experience of surgical treatment for primary retroperitoneal tumor (PRT)in children. METHODS: Clinical data of 17 patients with PRT treated from January 2001 to January 2008 were retrospectively analyzed, including image examination, pathologic examination and surgical procedure. RESULTS: Seventeen patients underwent complete resection; 8 benign PRT, and 9 malignant PRT were diagnosed by operation and postoperative pathologic examination. Vascular surgery was done on 11 patients, 6 cases of multi-visceral resection, 1 vascular transplant, and 1 multi-visceral resection. Two patients had recurrent malignant PRT. CONCLUSION For pediatric complex retroperitoneal tumors, complete resection can reduce the recurrence and improve the long-term survival.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Germinoma ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; Male ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Teratoma ; surgery

Objective To investigate the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl-2 related proteins (Bim) in multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and their association with drug resistance in the cells. Methods The multdrug-resistant HepG-2 cell line was established by treatment with gradually increasing doses of ADM. CCK-8 assay was used to determine the drug sensitivity of the cells, and the expressions of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2, ERK5, and Bim were detected with Western blot. Bim mRNA expression level was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Results The drug resistance indices to ADM, 5-FU and CDDP was 6.8, 4.10, and 4.5 in HepG-2/ADM cells, respectively. The drug-resistantcells showed marked up-regulation of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2 and ERK5 with down-regulated phosphorylated ERK2 protein expression but no significant changes in phosphorylated ERK1 protein expression to result in a decreased ratio of P-ERK1/2 and P-ERK1/2. Bim mRNA and protein expressions were both decreased in HepG-2/ADM cells. Conclusion ERK and Bim are related to multidrug resistance in HepG-2/ADM cells.

Objective To investigate the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the BH3-only subgroup of Bcl-2 related proteins (Bim) in multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and their association with drug resistance in the cells. Methods The multdrug-resistant HepG-2 cell line was established by treatment with gradually increasing doses of ADM. CCK-8 assay was used to determine the drug sensitivity of the cells, and the expressions of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2, ERK5, and Bim were detected with Western blot. Bim mRNA expression level was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Results The drug resistance indices to ADM, 5-FU and CDDP was 6.8, 4.10, and 4.5 in HepG-2/ADM cells, respectively. The drug-resistantcells showed marked up-regulation of MRP-1, P-gp, ERK1, ERK2 and ERK5 with down-regulated phosphorylated ERK2 protein expression but no significant changes in phosphorylated ERK1 protein expression to result in a decreased ratio of P-ERK1/2 and P-ERK1/2. Bim mRNA and protein expressions were both decreased in HepG-2/ADM cells. Conclusion ERK and Bim are related to multidrug resistance in HepG-2/ADM cells.

Objective To investigate the expression of ASK1 and PRKCD in the process of monocyte differentiation, and explore their role in functional changes of hypersplenism spleen macrophages (MΦ) in portal hypertension (PH). Methods U937 cells were stimulated to differentiate into monocyte/macrophage-like cells by cultivation in PMA and the mRNA expressions of ASK1 and PRKCD were detected by q-PCR and the changes of protein expression were identified by western blot analysis. The secretion of phagocytose related cytokines such as IL-10 and TNF-a were tested by ELISA, and the function of the macrophage-like cells were studied by chicken red blood cell phagocytose test. Results The expressions of PRKCD and ASK1 mRNA were gradually decreased along with the cell differentiation, while the secretion of TNF-αwas increased, IL-10 secretion reached a maximum at 24 h after PAM stimulation, and then gradually fell. The expression of ASK1 and p-ASK1 were rapidly increased compared with the non-stimulated U937 cells, while the expression of PRKCD and p-PRKCD were sightly declined. The phagocytose test show that U937 cells induced with PMA were able to swallow the chicken red blood cell.Conclusion Up-regulated protein expression of ASK1 and p-ASK1 and down-regulated protein expression of PRKCD and p-PRKCD in the process of PMA induced monocyte differentiation, are consist with the expression changes of splenic macrophage phagocytosis in hypersplenism, which leads to increased activity of MΦ.

Objective To investigate the expression of ASK1 and PRKCD in the process of monocyte differentiation, and explore their role in functional changes of hypersplenism spleen macrophages (MΦ) in portal hypertension (PH). Methods U937 cells were stimulated to differentiate into monocyte/macrophage-like cells by cultivation in PMA and the mRNA expressions of ASK1 and PRKCD were detected by q-PCR and the changes of protein expression were identified by western blot analysis. The secretion of phagocytose related cytokines such as IL-10 and TNF-a were tested by ELISA, and the function of the macrophage-like cells were studied by chicken red blood cell phagocytose test. Results The expressions of PRKCD and ASK1 mRNA were gradually decreased along with the cell differentiation, while the secretion of TNF-αwas increased, IL-10 secretion reached a maximum at 24 h after PAM stimulation, and then gradually fell. The expression of ASK1 and p-ASK1 were rapidly increased compared with the non-stimulated U937 cells, while the expression of PRKCD and p-PRKCD were sightly declined. The phagocytose test show that U937 cells induced with PMA were able to swallow the chicken red blood cell.Conclusion Up-regulated protein expression of ASK1 and p-ASK1 and down-regulated protein expression of PRKCD and p-PRKCD in the process of PMA induced monocyte differentiation, are consist with the expression changes of splenic macrophage phagocytosis in hypersplenism, which leads to increased activity of MΦ.