AIM To study the protective effects of xanthones: 1,8 dihydroxy 3,5 dimethoxyxanthone(Xan Ⅰ); 1 hydroxy 3,5 dimethoxyxanthone(Xan Ⅱ);1 hydroxy 3,7,8 trithoxyxanthone(Xan Ⅲ) from Canscora lucidissima on ischemia reperfusion injury exaggerated by activation of Na +/H + exchange system. METHODS The perfused isovolumic contracting rat hearts were subjected to 20 mmol?L -1 NH 4Cl loading for promoting the Na +/H + exchange in the model of ischemic reperfusion injury and the protective effects being pretreated with Xans on the injury were examed. RESULTS Xans could relieve the effects: activation of Na +/H + exchange inhibited the recovery of ventricular function significantly, and exacerbated the myocardial injury as evidenced by increase in release of LDH, associated with the accumulation of intracellular Na +,Ca 2+ and the loss of intracelullar K +. CONCLUSION Xans has the protective effects on ischemic reperfusion injury exacerbated by activation of Na +/H + exchange system.

Objective To explore the signal transduction pathway of cyst fluid of Echinococcus granalosus in anti-parasite mechanisms through investigating the effect of cyst fluid on the expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR) in cells. Methods Changes of TLR4 and TGF-β1 expression of 7404 liver cells were detected by quantitative PCR. Results After treatment with increasing concentration cyst fluid the expres-sion of TLR4 was reduced. TGF-β1 expression of liver cells increased with the dose. TLR2 expressions in each group were very low. Conclusion Cyst fluid can increase the expression of TLR4, suggesting that the TLR4 signal transduction pathway involve anti-cyst fluid of Echinococcus granulosus. High concentrations of cyst fluid contribute to TGF-β1 expression which plays a role in immune evasion.

Objective:To evaluate and analyze the ultrasonic findings of idiopathic clubfoot and positional clubfoot deformities.Methods:Forty-nine newborn babies with congenital clubfoot were examined in the Department of Ultrasound of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2020 to January 2022, Including 21 newborn babies(32 feet) with idiopathic clubfoot, and 28 babies(53 feet) with positional clubfoot. Twenty-two normal infants in the same period and the normal feet of the single clubfoot were selected as control group. The distance between medial malleolus and scaphoids of all feet were measured by ultrasound. The distance from the tangent line of the lateral edge of calcaneus to the midpoint of the lateral edge of the chondroid bone, medial soft tissue thickness and tibial calcaneal angle were measured by ultrasound. The data of idiopathic clubfoot group, positional clubfoot group and control group were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 71 newborn babies with 142 feet were evaluated.The idiopathic clubfoot group had born and joint changes in the medial, lateral and posterior side, and the differences were statistically significant compared with the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, there were statistically significant differences in the medial and lateral side of the positional group(all P<0.05). But no significant changes in the posterior side( P>0.05). There were significant differences between medial and posterior side of idiopathic and positional clubfoot group (all P<0.05), but no significant differences in lateral side ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasonography can clearly display the tarsus bones in clubfoot, and observe the deformity changes of the idiopathic clubfoot and positional clubfoot.