OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical application of mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction to correct hemifacial microsomia with rapid prototyping technology.

METHODSThe patient' s skull resin model was manufactured with rapid prototyping technology. The osteotomy was designed on skull resin model. According to the preoperative design, the patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy and mandibular ramus osteotomy. The internal mandible distractor was embedded onto the osteotomy position. The occlusal titanium pin was implanted. Distraction were carried out by mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction 5 days after operation.

RESULTSThe distraction in five patients was complete as designed. No infection and dysosteogenesis happened. The longest distance of distraction was 28 mm, and the shortest distance was 16 mm. The facial asymmetry deformity was significantly improved at the end of distraction. The ocelusal plane of patients obviously improved.

CONCLUSIONSRapid prototyping technology is helpful to design precisely osteotomy before operation. Mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandibular distraction can correct hemifacial microsomia. It is worth to clinical application.

Face ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; surgery ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; surgery ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Mandible ; surgery ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Osteotomy, Le Fort

ObjectiveTo analyze therapeutic effects of conservative treatment and the causes of malunion of intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients, and try to find the way to deal with the problems. MethodsFifteen cases aged 75 to 101 years with intertroehanterie fracture treated conservatively were included.Their average age was 88.8 years.All fractures were classified according to Evens-Jensen.Because of the medical complication or other reasons, they were conservatively treated by methods of traction, wearing shoes et al. X-ray examination was taken at regular time and their final functions were assessed. ResultsTwo cases were died 1-3 months after admission, and the fractures were only partially healed. The remaining thirteen cases got complete healing. Among the fifteen cases, the deformity did not happen in 4 cases of IA without fixation and 1 case of IIB with bone traction. All others got the deformity of varus, shorting and external rotation in different degree, which interfered the lower extremity motor function. ConclusionsThe fracture position not kept and fixed satisfactorily during treatment would lead to more joint deformity and deteriorated hip joint function for the displaced intertroehanterie fractures in elderly patients.

Objective To observe he effects of new Tangshenkang on α-SMA and E-cadherin of human renal tubular epithelial cell HK-2 in high concentrations of glucose; To explore the mechanism of new Tangshenkang on the prevention and treatment of diabetic renal fibrosis. Methods The HK-2 cells were cultured and divided into control group, high glucose group, animal serum control group, new Tangshenkang low-, medium-, and high-dosage group. After medicine intervention, cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay, and contents of α-SMA and E-cadherin were observed by ELISA assay. Results Compared with control group, α-SMA of HK-2 cultured with high glucose was much notable, but the content of E-cadherin significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The content of α-SMA of HK-2 cultured with new Tangshenkang decreased, and the content of E-cadherin increased; cell proliferation was markedly inhibited in culture medium supernatant of HK-2 cells cultured with high glucose plus new Tangshenkang compared with only high glucose, with statistical significance. Conclusion New Tangshenkang can inhibit cell proliferation and epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation of HK-2 cell induced by high glucose, and prevent the development of diabetic renal fibrosis to a certain extent.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from Centella asiatica.

METHODChemical constituents were isolated by repeated column chromatography (Toyopearl HW-40C and HPLC) and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic method.

RESULTFive compounds were identified as: docosyl ferulates (1), bayogenin (2), 3beta-6beta-23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 3beta-6beta-23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (4), D-gulonic acid (5).

CONCLUSIONAll of the Compounds were isolated for the first time from C. asiatica.

Centella ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Coumaric Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To improve the level of early detection and treatment of pyonephrosis. Methods This study included 41 cases(17 men and 24 women;mean age,49 years)of pyonephrosis.A variety of examinations,including urinary analysis,blood analysis,kidney nuclear medicine scan,ultrasonog- raphy,intravenous urography(IVU),and CT were used for the early diagnosis of pyonephrosis.Pereutaneous nephrostomy(PCN)drainage was done for the interim management of pyonephrosis,then phase 2 operation was performed in 28 cases.The double-J tube was placed in ureter by ureteroscope for drainage,and then phase 2 operation was done in 2 cases.Emergency operation was done in 10 cases.The remaining 1 case un- derwent ESWL after anti-infective therapy.Results Definite diagnosis of pyonephrosis before operation was made by invasive examinations in 31 cases(75.6%),and by percutaneous drainage in 4 cases;the other 6 cases were detected during operation.Only 6 cases(14.6%)underwent nephrectomy;the other 35 cases (85.4%)underwent kidney-sparing operation.Follow-up of 3 months to 9 years was available in 37 cases. No nephrectomy was needed in 33 cases with spared kidney.Serum creatinine was normal in the 4 cases un- dergoing nephrectomy.Conclusions The key to the treatment of pyonephrosis by kidney-sparing surgery is early diagnosis,timely drainage and relief of obstruction.Ultrasonography plays an important role in the early diagnosis of pyonephrosis,and CT has a high sensibility in the diagnosis.Pereutaneons nephrolithotomy (PCNL)secondary to drainage through pereutaneous nephrostomy was beneficial to the patients with kidney stones or upper ureter stones.

OBJECTIVEA HPLC-ELSD method was established for the simultaneous quantitative determination of asiaticoside in Centella asiatica extract.

METHODThe column was packed with 5 m HIQ C18 stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water, eluted in gradient mode. The temperature of drift tube was 105 degrees C and the nebulizer nitrogen flow rate was 2.9 L min(-1).

RESULTThe linear ranges of the asiaticoside were 0.35-7.0 microg. The recovery of the asiaticoside in C. asiatica extract was 94.9% (RSD 1.7%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is reliable, simple, precise and could be used for the quality control of C. asiatica extract.

Centella ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; standards ; Light ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Scattering, Radiation ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; chemistry

A2B adenosine receptor is involved in the control of mast cell degranulation, interleukin-8 synthesis and cell growth. A2B adenosine receptor antagonists may serve as novel drugs for asthma, Alzheimer' s disease, cystic fibrosis and type-II diabetes. Therefore, seeking for the highly selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists has been one of great interest. The molecular basis, structure-activity relationship of selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists and their interactions with A2B adenosine receptor were reviewed.
Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists ; Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xanthines ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: To observe the in vivo effect of combined iontophoresis and laurocapram pretreatment on transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium gel. METHODS: Diclofenac sodium gel was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose sodium and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. The diclofenac blood level in rabbits was measured in four groups: passive diffusion, laurocapram pretreatment, iontophoresis (current density controlled at 0.3 mA/cm(2)) and combined laurocapram pretreatment and iontophoresis. Rabbit stratum corneum of each of the four groups was examined using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Diclofenac blood concentration in the passive diffusion group was undetectable. The diclofenac blood concentration area under the curve compared with time was 8.4 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the laurocapram pretreatment group, 2.7 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the iontophoresis group and 15.4 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the combination group. There was no detectable damage observed by scanning electron microscopyto the stratum corneum after iontophoresis or laurocapram pretreatment. CONCLUSION: The combination of iontophoresis and laurocapram pretreatment appears to enhance transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium gel wi thout significant skin damage.

Changes in sexual behavior may constitute an important contribution to relative increase in genital herpes. Many research results suggest that HSV-2 plays a big part in the transmission of HIV infection. There is an urgent need to identify effective HSV-2 control measures in order to reduce HIV incidence. The detection of HSV-2-specific antibodies in serum is especially useful and reliable. During the past 2 decades, selective and specific inhibitors of replication have been developed. Such agents as acyclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir, have reduced the time of healing and the possibility of virus excretion. Efforts have been made in different directions including the exploration of new targets for antiviral chemotherapy, the use of immunomodulators and the development of specific vaccines.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; epidemiology ; Herpes Genitalis ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo present a method of quantitative diagnosis of craniofacial skeleton deformities based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT).

METHODS20 cases with facial asymmetric deformities underwent 3D CT and the 3D images were reconstructed by Mimics 10.0 (Belgium). Anatomical landmarks were located and the coordinate of the landmarks obtained. Axial images of 1 patient with Romberg disease was used as representative case. The differences in the distance between the right landmarks and the left were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTSThe measurement results were not significantly different between two stages with an interval of 4 weeks ( P > 0.05), showing a reproducible resutls. The deviation of landmarks at facial midline increased gradually from upward to downward, reaching (2.63 +/- 0.54) mm at menton point. Paired landmarks showed asymmetry in three dimensions, especially gonion point on the left side, which was deviated 10.21 mm inward, 9.26 mm forward, 6.30 mm upward, compared to the opposite side.

CONCLUSIONSThe method of 3D CT quantitative analysis can provide precise information in the diagnosis and treatment planning of facial asymmetry deformity.

Anatomic Landmarks ; diagnostic imaging ; Cephalometry ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Facial Asymmetry ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods