Objective To investigate the common risk factors of primary hepatocellular cancer (PHC) in Guizhou province . Methods The group case-control study was adopted .The main related-factors of primary PHC in Guizhou provincial population and the relation between drinking combined hepatitis B viral infection with the PHC occurrence were analyzed by the unconditional Logistic regression analysis and the stratification analysis .Results Drinking(OR=2 .948 ,95% CI 2 .096-4 .146 ,P=0 .000) ,eco-nomic status 5 years ago(OR=0 .386 ,95% CI 0 .279 -0 .534 ,P= 0 .000) ,family history of PHC(OR= 2 .402 ,95% CI 1 .372 -4 .206 ,P=0 .002) ,cigarette smoking (OR=3 .468 ,95% CI 2 .265 -5 .311 ,P=0 .000) ,chronic liver disease(OR= 1 .502 ,95% CI 1 .054-2 .141 ,P=0 .024) ,HBV infection(OR=31 .999 ,95% CI 19 .318 -53 .002 ,P=0 .000) and diabetes mellitus(OR=4 .750 , 95% CI 2 .761-8 .171 ,P=0 .000) ,the differences between the patients group and the control group had statistical significance ;the OR value of drinking combined with HBV infection was 96 .903(95% CI 35 .265-266 .275 ,P=0 .000) .Conclusion HBV infection is still the common risk factor of PHC in Guizhou provincial population .Drinking can increase the risk in the individuals infected with HBV .

Objective To study the influence factors of real-time shear wave elastography(SWE) on the elasticity of focal liver lesions (FLLs) measurement.Methods The mean Young's modulus of 160 FLLs were measured by SWE.The relation between elasticity with different aspects of FLLs were analyzed including postures (supine and left lateral position),respiratory phases (end of inspiratory and expiratory),the probe position (rib and intercostal space) and different operators.Results There were significant differences between different postures and respiratory phases in the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference between robe position and different operators in the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The postures and respiratory phases can impact the elasticity measurement of FLLs by SWE.

Animals ; Disease Progression ; Kidney Diseases ; physiopathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; drug effects ; pathology ; Rats ; Renal Agents ; pharmacology ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; drug effects ; Sclerosis

Objective To research the change of the portal venous pressure after the stents implanted into portal vein in HCC.Methods Twelve HCC patients receiving portal venous stem embolization were included in this study.The portal venous pressures were recorded before varices embolized(P1),after embolized(P2)and after stents implanted(P3),respectively.Four groups were formed according to the pressures within portal vein stem(PV),portal vein branch without tumor invasion(PVB),splenic vein(SV) and superior mesenteric vein(SMV).Results In PV group,P1 was(45:17?2.25)cm H20,and P2 was (48.33?2.20)cm H_2O,P＜0.05,P3 was(39.33?2.44)em H_2O,thus P＜0.05 in comparing with P2.for PVB group,P1 was(38.08?2.97)cm H_2O,and P2 was(38.83?2.94)cm H_2O,P＞0.05,P3 was(37.41?2.37)cm H_2O,comparing with P2,P＞0.05.In SV group,P1 was(44.67?2.13)cm H_2O,and P2 was(48.17?2.20)cm H_2O,P＜0.05,P3 was(41.67?2.20)cm H_2O,comparing with P2,P＜0.05.Finally,the SMV group,P1 was(45.25?2.21 )cm H_2O,P2 was(48.42?2.19)cm H_2O,P＜0.05,P3 was(41.25?2.24)cm H_2O, in comparison with P2,P＜0.05.Conclusions In portal vein stem embolization,portal venous pressure would be higher after varices embolized,but lower after stents placement.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Mice ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Staining and Labeling ; Thiazoles ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of ginseng total saponin (GTS) on the water content in the brain tissue, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and the neurological function in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to explore the roles of GTS in treating traumatic brain edema rats and its possible mechanisms.

METHODSThe TBI rat model was established using modified Feeney's method. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e., the sham-operation group, the TBI group, and the GTS-treated group. All rats were sacrificed after their neurological behavior was scored at day 1, 3, 5, and 7 of TBI. The brain tissue was taken out to measure the brain water content with wet-dry weight method. The activity of SOD in the brain tissue and the content of MDA were determined using biochemistry method. The expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the brain tissue were detected using ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the TBI group at the same time point, the brain water content and the content of MDA decreased, the activity of SOD increased, the expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta obviously decreased, and the neurological functions were obviously improved in the GTS-treated group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGTS could obviously alleviate the degree of traumatic brain edema after TBI, and attenuate the deleted neurological behavioral symptoms. The underlying mechanisms might be achieved through reducing the production of MDA, decreasing the expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, elevating the activity of SOD, inhibiting free radical reaction, and alleviating inflammatory reactions.

Animals ; Brain Edema ; metabolism ; Brain Injuries ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Panax ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of endovascular deployment of metallic Z-type self- expandable stents in treating the patients with inferior vena eava(IVC)obstruction caused by hepatic malignant tumour.Methods One hundred and fifty six patients with IVC obstruction due to malignant compression were enrolled.Venography was performed via femoral vein before and after metallic Z-type self-expandable stent deployment across the stenotic segment of IVC.The diameter of stenotic segment,collateral vessels,venous pressures and the scores of patients IVC syndrome were compared before and after stent placement.Results One hundred and seventy nine stents were implanted in 156 patients successfully.The average obstructive length of IVC was(6.1?2.2)cm.The pressure gradient of stenotie segments of IVC declined from(2.1?0.5)kPa to (0.5?0.11)kPa.The diameters of stenotic segment of IVC increased from(0.33?0.11 )cm to(1.6?0.4) cm.After operations,the main clinical symptoms and physical signs relieved quickly.During 2～24 month follow-up,the pateney of IVC stents reached 86.7%.Conclusion Endovascular deployment of metallic Z-type self-expandable stent is an effective palliative treatment for patients with malignant obstruction of IVC.

Objective To analyze the key factors on long-term effect for comprehensive interventional therapy of primary liver cancer.Methods The clinical data,therapeutic protocols and follow-up of 56 patients with primary liver cancer survived for more than 5 years after comprehensive interventional therapy were analyzed retrospectively.Results Before TACE,20 patients were in clinical stageⅠ,35 were in stageⅡand one was in stageⅢ,including hepatic function of grade A(36 cases),grade B(20 cases),and grade C (0 case).The tumor patterns were consisted of mononodular type(32 cases),multinodular type(24 cases),and diffuse type(0 cases).The diameter of tumor demonstrated less than 3 cm(10 cases),3-5 cm(20 cases), 5-10 cm(19 cases)and more than 10 cm(7 cases).Thirty-three cases(58.9%)were treated by only TACE for the original lesions,while 23 cases(41.1%)were treated by TACE combined other treatment including TACE combined PEt(11 cases),TACE combined RFA(4 eases),TACE combined radiotherapy(one case),and TACE combinedⅡ-staged resection(7 cases).During follow-up,24 patients with hepatic recurrence and 17 cases of distal metastasis were treated by TACE and other anti-tumor treatment.Complications after interventional therapy in 20 cases were also treated.All cases survived for more than 5 years after interventional therapy including 3 more than 10 years.Conclusions Tumor factors,liver function, standardized TACE,combination of TACE with other anti-tumor therapy,treatment of hepatic recurrence and distal metastasis and complications are the key points to improve the long-term survival rate for primary liver cancer treated by comprehensive interventional therapy.

Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Rickets ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; complications

OBJECTIVETo study effective active constituents of Cayratia japonica,a genuine herbal medicine from Fujian.

METHODSuch chromatographic methods as Macroporous, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and normal phase silica gel column chromatography were adopted to separate the chemical components of C. japonica.

RESULTThirteen compounds were obtained, and their structures were identified by analyzing multiple spectral data as luteolin(1), apigenin(2), triethyl citrate-(3), 3-formylindole(4), esculetin(5), bis(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate(6), calendin(7), ethyl-trans-3,4-dihydr-oxycinnamate(8), luteolin7-O-D-glucoside(9),5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentyl-2(5H-furanone(10),ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(11), eriodictyol(12) and daucosterol(13).

CONCLUSIONAmong them, compounds 3-8 and 10-12 were separated from the plant for the first time.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Vitaceae ; chemistry