Amphotericin B ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mycoses ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards

Objective To explore the effects of various dosage and multiple course of Dexamethasone(DEX) on the expressions of WNTs,?-catenin and glycogen synthase kmase-3?(GSK-3?) genes in the lung of premature rats on the 19th day of embryo.Methods Twelve pregnant SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly:small dose DEX group,large dose DEX group and control group with 4 rats in each group.The rats in control group were injected with saline 9 g/L;rats in small dose DEX group were injected with DEX 0.4 mg/(kg?d),and the rats in large dose DEX group were injected with DEX 0.8 mg/(kg?d) after DEX was diluted to 0.5 mL with saline.On the 19th day of gestation,fetuses were surgically taken out.The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction PCR method was used to detect expressions of WNT7b,WNT5a,WNT2,GSK-3? and ?-catenin genes mRNA.Results The expressions of WNT7b(0.55?0.19,0.64?0.54)and ?-catenin(2.03?0.58,2.40?0.89)genes mRNA in small dose DEX group and large dose DEX group were significantly higher than those of control group(WNT7b:0.18?0.10,?-catenin:1.77?0.54)(Pa

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of scaling and root planning combined with application of the emodin thermosensitive hydrogel on periodontitis. Methods Forty patients with chronic periodontitis with a total of eighty teeth were included in the study.For each patient after scaling and root planning,the teeth on one side were assigned as the test group and treated with the emodin thermosensitive hydrogel in the pocket once a week for four weeks.The teeth on the other side were assigned as the control group.All the clinical parameters were recorded at the baseline,the 6th week and 12th week after the treatment. Results At the baseline,there was no difference in the clinical parameters between the test group and the control group(P＞0.05).A statistically significant improvement of all clinical parameters was observed in both groups 6w later(t = 39.06、62.76、20.50、8.05、158.32、31.45、46.53、8.43、8.08、8.03)(P＜0.01＝,and all clinical parameters of the test group were better than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(t = 31.50、27.91、3.92、7.38、20.09)(P＜0.01＝. Conclusion The emodin thermosensitive hydrogel could effectively control the symptoms of periodontitis.

Objective To set up a determination method of warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolone and brodifacoum.Methods HPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to detect warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolone and brodifacoum using ZORBAX sb-aq(1 50mm×2.1 mm×3.5 μm)as chromatographic column at constant temperature 30℃ while methanol of 0.1%formic acid and water as mobile phase in the grads program.The flow rate was 0.4 mL/min;Detection was performed on an electrospray ionization(ESI)in the negative model and the MRM condition.Results The limit of qualitation was found to be less than 40 pg for four raticides at one time and 10pg for every raticide in the MRM condition;The four raticides linear range were suitable and r were more than 0.999.Matrix affection Was also determined.Conclusion This method is simple,sensitive and accurate for the determination of warfarin,coumatertralyl,bromadiolonc and brodifacoum in the biological tissue.

A commonly used Chinese crude drug Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus has been shown to possess good anticancer activities and related properties such as antioxidation, nitrite scavenging, nitrosamine synthesis blocking and immune enhancement, and has been widely used as an effective auxiliary drug in the treatment of some malignant tumors. This paper systematically reviews the advances in the study of anticancer-related activities of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus's various components such as raw juice, extracts, saponins, volatile oil, polysaccharides, nitrogen compounds, etc.
Allium ; chemistry ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Oils, Volatile ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Intrapulmonary vascular abnormalities result in the right-to-left shunting and severe hypoxemia in liver transplantation candidates. Currently, a convenient, sensitive and effective method is absent to screen the intrapulmonary vascular dilatations.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of contrast-enhanced echocardiography on clinical diagnosis of intrapulmonary shunting in liver transplantation candidates.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The experiment, prospective controlled observation based on cases, was performed at the Hepatology Unit of the 458 Hospital of PLA (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) from February 2004 to February 2006.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four consecutive liver transplantation candidates were recruited from the Hepatology Unit of the 458Hospital of PLA.METHODS: Routine examination was conducted under the condition without any regimen of vascular dilatation drugs.Contrast-enhanced echocardiography was applied to detect the prevalence of right-to-left shunting in the patients with end-stage liver disease. The microvesicle of the left ventricle in patients was qualitatively assessed by a score from 1+ to 3+. Accordingly, all patients were divided into two groups: intrapulmonary shunting and non-intrapulmonary shunting.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The prevalence of right-to-left shunting and clinical characteristics of liver transplantation candidates were determined.RESULTS: Ten (41.7%) of 24 patients with positive contrast-enhanced echocardiography were proved to develop the intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting, including 6 for l+ and 4 for 2+ by left ventricle abnormality, which emerged after 6-10 cardiac cycles of right ventricle abnormality. There were no significant differences in age, gender, arterial blood gas analysis and liver function tests between the two groups (P > 0.05). Echocardiography results demonstrated that, the upper digestive tract hemorrhage,spleen thickness that indicated portal hypertension, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and Tei index were significandy higher in the patients of intrapulmonary shunting than in those of non-intrapulmonary shunting (P<0.05-0.01 ).CONCLUSION: Intrapulmonary vascular dilatation occurs frequently in liver transplantation candidates associated with intrapulmonary shunting but without hypoxemia. Contrast-enhanced echocardiography is a sensitive and non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of intrapulmonary vascular dilatation. The pathogenic cause is portal hypertension. Tel index can be used as an important parameter for evaluating right ventricular function in patients of intrapulmonary vascular dilatation.

Objective To compare the infectivity between laboratory adapted human inununodefi- ciency virus(HIV-1) and primary HIV-1 isolates for different mucosal epithelial cell lines. Methods Mu-cosal epithelial cells Caco-2, T-84, HeLa and lymphocyte MT-4 were infected with laboratory adapted HIV-1 SF33 and 2 primary HIV-1 isolates (02010561, 02010141). Culture supernatant and cells were collected respectively on 3-4 days interval after virus inoculation. The former was tested for HIV-1 antigen P24 level and viral load, and the latter was tested for total viral DNA and integrated viral DNA. Results All 3 virus strains could infect MT-4 cells and integrate into their genome. Only HIV-1 SF33 could infect Caco-2 cells but could not integrate into their genomic DNA. Both HIV-1 SF33 and 02010561 infected HeLa cells but only integration of HIV-1 SF33 was detected. All the 3 HIV-1 strains infected T-84 cells but only the integra-tion of HIV-1 SF33 and 02010141 was observed. Conclusion Although laboratory adapted and primary HIV-1 strains are able to infect human mucosal epithelial cell lines, transient or productive infection estab-lished in different mucosal epithelial cells is dependent on the character of cells and virus strains.

Feedback for teaching refers to the mutual transmission and interaction of various information between teaching and learning in teaching process,and is an inevitable result and objective existence of teaching in which teachers and students participate.Effective feedback for teaching is characterized by timely,comprehensive and authentic.Teachers can continuously modify teaching per formance through the feedback of students;the feedback of teaching by students is reflected in examination performance,which really reflects the idea that teaching benefits teachers as well as students.Clinical comprehensive course of eight-year program students is an important bridge between basic medicine and clinical medicine,and the foundation of teaching clinical medicine.Feedback for teaching was applied in students of academic year 2011 from the Department of Surgery of Clinical College in Pekjing Union Medical College,and teaching approach was adjusted in time,contributing to good teaching effectiveness.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Huashengping capsules. Methods: Milkvetch Root, Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Salvia miltiorrhiza were identified by TLC. The content of astragaloside A was detected by HPLC. The column was Kormasil C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1. The mobile phases was a mixture of acetonitrile-water (32∶68 ) . The detection wavelength was 203 nm. The column temperature was 25℃ and the sample size was 20μl. Results:The TLC chro-matography spots were clear. Astragaloside A was linear within the range of 2. 000-10. 000 μg(r=0. 999 6) and the average recovery was 100. 8%(RSD=1. 9%,n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, which can be used in the quality con-trol of Huashengping capsules.

Objective To investigate MR imaging features of femoral marrow in treated ?-thalassemia major.Methods MR imaging of the proximal femoral marrow was performed in 35 cases of ?-thalassemia major and 45 age-and sex-matched normal children as control.Coronal images of femoral marrow with the techniques of spin echo and fast field echo(FFE)were obtained.On T_1-weighted imaging the red and yellow femoral marrow were judged and marrow distribution was classified into five groups.The hemosiderosis of marrow was judged on the basis of signal intensity of marrow on FFE imaging.The marrow distribution classification and the hemosiderosis on MR imaging were correlated with clinical features.Results On FFE,marrow hemosiderosis occurred in 15 patients with a marked hypo-intensity signal and was related to the age(P=0.032).On T_1-weighted imaging,the femoral marrow in 35 patients was classified as groupⅢand IV,while the marrow distribution was groupⅠorⅡin all normal children,there was statistically significant difference(P