One hundred and fifty-seven cases of Graves' disease were divided into three groups according to their clinical features and thyroid functions: Group A, untreated; group B, treated but uncontrolled or relapsed; group C, treated and remitted. The positive rates of TSH receptor antibody (TRAb), anti-tnyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), anti-microsomal antibody (TmAb), anti-DNA antibody and anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) were 91.2, 79.4, 79.4, 70.6 and 23.5% respectively in group A. The positive rate of TRAb and TBII were significantly different between group C and group A or B (both P

Objective To investigate the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase-Akt (PI3K-Akt) in neuroprotection against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by ischemic postconditioning (IP) or controlled low perfusion pressure (LR). Methods One hundred and twenty-six adult male SD rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 18 each): group Ⅰ I/R; group ⅡIP; group Ⅲ LR; group Ⅳ IP + LY-294002 (IP + LY); group Ⅴ LR + LY-294002 (LR + LY); group Ⅵ IP +N-acetylcysteine (IP+ N) and group Ⅶ LR+ N-acetyl-cysteine (LR+ N). Spinal cord ischemia was induced by 9 min occlusion of the thoracic aorta combined with controlled hypotension (MAP = 40 mm Hg). In IP group the animals were subjected to 3 cycles of 30 s reperfusion interspersed with 30 s ischemia immediately after release of aortic occlusion. In LR group MAP was maintained at 40 mm Hg for another 5 min immediately after release of aortic occlusion, then increased to 100 mm Hg. In group Ⅳ-Ⅶ LY-294002 (PI3K inhibitor) 25 mg/kg or N-acetylcysteine (ROS scavenger) 100 mg/kg were administered at the onset of reperfusion. Twelve animals in each group were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the level of Akt phosphorylation and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Neurological function was assessed and scored (15 = normal function, 0 = unable to move hind limb) at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion in another 6 animals in each group. The animals were then killed after last assessment and the lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for detection of apoptotic neurons. Results Compared with I/R group,both IP and LR significantly enhanced the level of Akt phosphorylation in the spinal cord, inhibited mPTP opening and neuronal apoptosis and increased neurological function scores. There was no significant difference in the protective effects exerted by IP and LR. The neuroprotective effects exerted by IP and LR were abolished by LY-294002 and N-acetylcysteine. Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning or controlled low perfusion pressure can protect the spinal cord from I/R injury by activating PI3K-Akt and inhibiting mitochondrial permeability.

Allostasis ; physiology ; Chronic Disease ; General Adaptation Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Stress, Psychological ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND: The unique design of nail hole and screw of locking plate makes it possible to provide different fixation mechanisms in fracture fixation,which can provide diverse biological environments for bone healing,thus,lead to various healing patterns.OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze complications of locking plate treatment for fractures in 25 cases.METHODS: The physical examination results,including injury mechanisms,whether multiple injuries,selection of internal fixation,operation principles,postoperative loading time,and X-ray films recheck,were analyzed subsequently.The numbers and reasons for internal fixation failure,bone nonunion or delayed union were investigated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the 8 cases of internal fixation collapse,4 were caused by operation lapses,1 was due to wrong selection of the internal fixation tool,1 case took place by weight bearing too early,2 cases were caused by postoperative infections; Among 11 cases of nonunion or delayed union,6 were caused by severe primary injuries,and 5 by unsuccessful reduction.2 cases of pain stemmed from hypodermal projection of proximal tibia LISS plate,1 from postoperative infection.1 case of long term to be exposed of plate end due to improper location of the plate during the operation was also involved.Essentially,locking plate just is a kind of internal fixation plate.Either the compression plate or the bridging plate,or the combination of the two could be applied in locking plate fixation.Through our study,we found that the pathway leading to the success was built upon an accurate cognition and skillful mastery of AO internal fixation technology,as well as the correct choice of the tool combined with the fine reduction and micro-damage operation.

Objective To establish an analytical method to investigate the protective effect of reversed lipid-based nanoparti-cle(RLBN)for topotecan(TPT)in artificial intestinal fluid. Methods Reversed lipid-based nanoparticle of TPT(RLBN-TPT)was prepared by the two-step methods of lyophilization and dissolution. An analytical method was established to determine the concentra-tions of both forms of TPT by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Release curve of RLBN-TPT in simulated intestinal flu-id(SIF)was investigated to study the stability of TPT in gastrointestinal(GI)fluid. Results Both lactone and carboxylate forms of TPT were well separated and determined precisely by the optimized HPLC method. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 0.25-5μg/ml for both forms of TPT. Compared with free TPT,RLBN-TPT significantly improved the stability of TPT in SIF as the per-centage of carboxylate form was remarkably lower than the free TPT(P<0.05). Conclusion RLBN can significantly protect the TPT from hydrolysis in GI,which may lay the foundation for the deuelopment of oral chemotherapeutic drug with higher bioavailability.

Adult ; Bone Neoplasms ; Ear Canal ; Ear Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Osteochondroma

Objective Learning and memory function is the form of brain higher nervous activity .Hippocampus is the main parts responsible for learning and memory function .Once damaged , it will seriously affect the quality of life in patients .The purpose of this paper was to observe the effects of neonatal repeated intermittent sevoflurane inhalation on learning-memory function and Tau protein , p-Tau protein in brain hippocampus in juvenile and adult rats . Methods Twenty-four healthy SD rats ( n=24 ) were randomly di-vided into juvenile sevoflurane inhalation group ( n=6) , juvenile con-trol group ( n=6);adult sevoflurane inhalation group ( n=6) , and adult control group ( n=6) .Rats in juvenile sevoflurane inhalation group and adult sevoflurane inhalation group inhaled 2.6%sevoflurane at the postnatal 7th day, 14th day, 21th day ( P7,P14,P21) for 2 hours.Rats in juvenile control group and adult control group inhaled the carrier gas (1L/min Air+1L/min O2) at the same time for 2 hours.During P31~37, Morris water maze test was conducted in juvenile sevoflurane inhalation group and juvenile control group to detect the behavior.During P91~97, Morris water maze test was conducted in adult sevoflurane inhalation group and adult control group to detect the behavior .Then hippocampi were taken out to detect the expression levels of Tau protein and p -Tau protein. Results ( 1) Comparison of escape latency at the same time ① Juvenile period: no statistical difference between sevoflurane inhalation group (52.04±41.90,29.77±14.23, 19.87±5.71,22.74±13.73,21.91±9.07) and control group (47.82±8.06,25.26±12.53,23.79±9.49, 20.00±10.10, 14.03±7.55) had (P>0.05).② Adult period: no statistical difference between sevoflurane inhalation group (42.00± 14.12, 26.87±16.93, 19.80±13.76, 15.06±8.45, 8.66±4.82) and control group (41.97±25.66,22.88±10.04,15.88±5.20,9.26± 3.98,11.33±6.05 (P>0.05).(2) Comparison of spatial probe test results:no statistical difference in the swimming times from original area,swimmingresidencetime,swimmingdistanceandspeedbetweengroups(P>0.05).(3)Tauproteinexpressiondetection ①Juvenile period:In the hippocampal CA1 region, CA3 region, DG region, the expression level of Tau in the sevoflurane inhalation group (0.237±0.015, 0.324±0.024,0.226±0.019) was higher than the control group (0.185±0.024,0.232±0.040, 0.184±0.018) (P>0.01).②Adult peroid:no statistically significant difference between sevoflurane inhalation group and control group (P>0.05). (4)p-Tau(Ser396)proteinexpressiondetection ①Juvenileperiod:nostatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweensevofluraneinhala-tion group and control group ( P>0.05) .②Adult period:The expression level in the hippocampal CA3 region of sevoflurane inhalation group (0.170±0.005) was higher than control group (0.158±0.011) (P<0.05), but in the CA1 and DG regions there was no statisti-cally significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Neonatal repeated intermittent sevoflurane inhalation has done no harm to learn-ing and memory function of juvenile and adult rats , however , it can result in the significant increase of hippocampal Tau protein expres-sion level in juvenile rats and the increase of hippocampal p-Tau protein expression level in adult rats .

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Zero-profile anterior cervical interbody fusion on single-segment cervical spondylosis in the elderly, and to compare with the effect of traditional anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) with titanium plate.Methods Clinical data of elderly patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion operation (one-or two-level) in our department from June 2009 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The 49 patients who took anterior cervical interbody fusion with the Zero-profile cage were considered as the Zero-P group, and the other 60 patients who received ACDF with titanium plate as control (ACDFP group).The operation time, blood loss, Neck Disability Index (NDI) score before and after operation, Cobb angle of the cervical spine and Cobb angle of the operated segment before and after operation, the fusion rate 1 year after operation, the dysphagia rate after operation according to Bazaz index were recorded and assessed.Results The operation time and blood loss had no statistical difference between the two group (P＞0.05 for both).The NDI scores were declined in the two group after operation as compared with before treatment (P＜0.05 for both), while there were no statistical difference in NDI score between the two groups (P＞0.05).The Cobb angle of cervical spine had little improvement 1 day after operation as compared with before operation, and improved significantly 3 month after operation in the two group.The Cobb angle of operated segment (Cobb S) was reduced 3 months in the two group after operation as compared with before treatment, and the Cobb S was declined much more in Zero-P group than in control group (P＜0.01).There was no statistical difference in the number of patients with successful fusion between the two group (46 cases vs.56 cases, x2 =0.08, P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical effect of Zero-profile anterior cervical interbody fusion is equivalent as the traditional ACDFP.Zero-profile anterior cervical interbody fusion has less exposure and blood loss, which is more suitable for the elderly patients with cervical degenerative disease.

Objective To study the changes of Na+K+-ATPase,Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase activities in erythrocyte membrane and blood viscosity in children with essential hypertension.Methods The activities of Na+K+-ATPase,Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase in erythrocyte membrane were determined by a colorimetric method.Blood viscosity was measured and analyzed with the statistic analysis SPSS 12.0 software in 50 children from Nov.2004 to Dec.2004 in the people's hospital of guizhou province and adolescents with essential hypertension.Thirty healthy children were collected as control group.Results The activities of Na+ K+-ATPase[(6.12?1.30)?molpi/(gHb?h)and(4.59?1.40)?molpi/(gHb?h)],Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase[(7.46?1.30)?molpi/(gHb?h)and(5.81?1.20)?molpi/(gHb?h)] were lower significantly in hypertension group than those in control group(Pa

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants and the effects of nutritional support strategy alterations on their growth during hospitalization.Method From 2005 to 2014,clinical data of ELBW infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical data included their general status,enteral and parental nutritional support strategy and complications during hospitalization The patients were assigned into pre5 group and late5 group.Those who survived and discharged from 2005 to 2009 were the pre5 group,and those who survived and discharged fromn 2010 to 2014 were the late5 group.The independent t test and chi square test were used for statistical analysis.Result A total of 58 ELBW infants were enrolled in the study,including 18 patients in the pre5 group and 40 in the late5 group.No statistically significant differences existed between the two groups on gestational age,birth weight,Z score (weight for length and gender),birth length,head circumference and main complications during hospitalization (P ＞0.05).Pre5 group had higher incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) than late5 group (16/18 vs.25/40,P =0.037),while the EUGR ratio at discharge (14/18 vs.21/40,P =0.061) was similar.When compared with pre5 group,late5 group had larger amount of initial enteral feeding volume [4.4 ml/(kg · d) vs.2.4 ml/(kg · d),P =0.014] and feeding volume at the end of the first week [(19.8 ± 16.0) ml/(kg · d) vs.(12.2 ±9.5) ml/(kg · d),P =0.036].Similarly,the starting dose of amino acids in parenteral nutrition [2.0g/(kg· d) vs.1.0 g/(kg· d),P＜0.001],maximum dose of amino acids [4.0g/(kg.d) vs.3.5 g/(kg · d),P ＜ 0.001],total calories at the end of the first week [(82.6 ± 12.6) kcal/(kg · d) vs.(71.1±15.2) kcal/(kg· d),P=0.004] and the second week [(103.7 ±19.8) kcal/(kg· d) vs.(92.3 ± 17.9) kcal/(kg · d),P =0.041],the weight gain velocity from birth to discharge [(18.7 ± 2.9) g/(kg.d) vs.(16.9±2.8) g/(kg· d),P=0.031] and change of Z scores (AZ) [-0.6 (-1.0,-0.4) vs.-1.2 (-1.6,-0.8),P =0.004] showed significantl differences between the two groups,with better outcomes in late5 group.However,the duration of parenteral nutrition,the total amount of amino acids,the time reaching total enteral feeding,the length of hospital stay were similar between the two groups.Ten cases(61.1％)of infants in pre5 group were breastfed,and four of them used human milk fortifier (HMF) (fortified rate was 22％).32 cases (80％) in late5 group were breastfed and 23 cases used HMF (fortified rate was 57.5％).The time to initiate HMF in the late5 group was at (30.2 ± 13.2) days,and human milk amount was (89.9 ± 34.5) ml/kg,fortified duration was (32.8 ± 15.7) days.Conclusion The enteral feeding strategy were more vigorous in the last 5 years than before,the initial feeding volume,the increasing rate,the initial dosage of amino acid,and maximum dosage of amino acid had been increased.Human milk and HMF of preterm infants were preferred.The vigorous nutritional support strategy were effective for the weight gain of ELBW infants without obvious side effects during hospitalization.