ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and relevant function of protein kinase C (PKC)-α in kidney of rat with chronic arsenic poisoning.MethodsTotally 60 healthy SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided by body weight into 3 groups:high-dose arsenic exposure group (10.0 mg/kg),low-dose arsenic exposure group (0.4 mg/kg),and control group.The rats were exposed by drinking arsenic solution which was mixed with distilled water.Rats were weighed every 10 days and dose volume of arsenic solution was adjusted.After continuous exposure for 4 months,blood and urinary arsenic were determined.Rat kidneys were taken and stained by Immunohistochemistry SABC.PKC-o positive cells in the kidney were observed and counted,and its average gray value was analyzed with image analysis software (Biomias).ResultsProximal tubules PKC-α-positive cell count [(3.62 ± 1.90),(10.07 ± 3.22)/field],glomerular PKC-α-positive cell count [(3.62 ± 1.90),(10.07 ± 3.22)/field]in high and low arsenic group of SD rat kidney were lower than those of the control group [(60.00 ± 9.63),(18.57 ± 2.71/field,all P ＜ 0.05]; both urinary arsenic level[(7366.62 ± 1086.50),(1744.31 ± 300.12)μg,/L]and blood arsenic level [(31.59 ± 9.24),(16.58 ± 2.08)μg/L] in high-dose and low-dose groups were higher than those of the control group [(18.97 ± 3.58),(18.97 ± 3.58)μg/L,all P ＜ 0.05] ; the average gray values of SD rat kidney proximal tubule,glomerular PKC-o positive cells in high-dose and low-dose groups( 142.79 ± 11.16,122.15 ±5.91 ) were higher than that of the control group (114.33 ± 6.70,all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsArsenic can decrease SD rat kidney PKC-α -positive cells.The regulatory function of PKC-o in inhibiting cell apoptosis of kidney of rats with arsenic poisoning is weakened.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Intestine, Small ; cytology ; pathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the value and safety of flexible bronchoscopy in etiological diagnosis and treatment of hemoptysis in children. Methods The flexible bronchoscopy findings and clinical data of 22 children with hemoptysis were ana-lyzed retrospectively. Results The causes of hemoptysis were as follows, bronchiolitis and pneumonia in 8 cases (2 cases with bronchiectasis), foreign body in bronchus in 3 cases , idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in 3 cases, neoplasms in airway in 2 cases, suspi-ciion of bronchial pulmonary vessel dysplasia in 4 cases (requiring angiogram) and unknown causes in 2 cases. Two cases suffered hypoxemia. Active bleeding was found in 6 cases and topical hemostasis treatment was effective. The bronchial foreign body was removed from right lower lobe bronchus in 3 cases. One case with atelectasis caused by granulation was treat-ed with bronchoscopic cryotherapy 2 times, no granulation was found during the third bronchoscopy and chest CT showed the atelectasis was cured 2 weeks later. Conclusions Flexible bronchoscopy is one of the necessary and safe examinations in chil-dren with hemoptysis and is of important value in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; therapy ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Objective To explore the value of echocardiography in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transapical aortic valve implantation (TAAVI).Methods Fifteen high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis were chosen in the present study,all of which received TAAVI in Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2014 to March 2015.The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left atrial diameter (LAD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),effective orifice area (EOA),mean aortic pressure gradient (MPG),as well as artificial valve function of patients were measured at different time points (before operation,discharge,1 month and 3-6 months after operation) by echocardiography.The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA analysis with SPSS software,and multiple comparisons were done using LSD student t test.Results The data from preoperative echocardiography indicated severe aortic stenosis in the 15 patients,with the average level of EOA as (0.55± 0.28) cm2 and MPG as (58.93± 14.96) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).Moderate paravalvular aortic regurgitation was observed in one patients,who was then received a second implantation.There was no significant difference between LVEDD,LAD,and LVEF when the patients were at discharge,1 month and 3-6 months after operation.The prosthetic valves were stable and conformed by echocardiography,while paravalvular leak regurgitation (1-2 mm) was observed in 7 patients.One patient died of other reasons.Compared with preoperative data,the EOA increased while MPG decreased when the patients were at discharge,1 month and 3-6 month after operation (t=6.619,7.357,6.401,all P ＜ 0.001;t=9.523,9.687,5.932,all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion With careful patient screening and selection,TAAVI can be an effective treatment for high-risk severe aortic stenosis patients,in which echocardiography plays an important role during the surgery and follow up.

Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Aortic Coarctation ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; therapy ; Aortography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Platinum ; Prosthesis Design ; Stents ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Bacillus cereus B-04 antagonist to Botrytis cinerea were isolated from samples of tomato soil infected by Botrytis cinerea in Zibo, which are identified through a series of morphological and biochemical characteristics and the sequence of 16SrDNA. Aiming at enhancing the inhibitory effect of this strain, a 4.1kb DNA fragment containing ?-1,3-glucanases gene from pUC1940 was inserted into vector pBE2 and pHY300PLK to construct recombination plasmids, PBE2-glu and pHY300PLK-glu, which were transferred into Bacillus cereus B-04, resulting in a new strain named B-04-glu. Restriction enzyme digestion and ?-1,3-glucanases plate culture confirmed that B-04-glu contained a functional ?-1,3-glucanases gene. Compared to the wild strain B-04, B-04-glu had an increased inhibitory effect against Botrytis cinerea on tomato.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of vena cava connection in patients with asplenia syndrome diagnosed by ultrasound. Methods From October 2009 to February 2014, 49 patients with asplenia syndrome diagnosed in Fuwai Hospital by ultrasound were included in this study. The characteristics and percentage of varied types of anomalous connection of vena cava and pulmonary vena were analyzed. Results Thirty patients (61.2%) had bilateral superior vena cavies. In these cases, right vena cava was drainage into right atrium (or the right side of the single atrium), while left superior vena cava into left atrium (or the left side of the single atrium). For hepatic vein, drainage into inferior vena cava were found in 25 patients (53.2%), into left atrium (or the left single of the single atrium) in 1 patient (2.1%), into right atrium (or the right side of the single atrium) in 3 patients (6.3%), into both right and left atrium in 5 patients (10.2%) and into the middle of the single atrium in 1 patient (2.1%). For inferior vena cava, drainage into left atrium (or left side of the single atrium) were found in18 patients (36.2%), into right atrium (or right side of the single atrium) in 24 patients (51.1%) and into the middle of the single atrium in 1patient (2%). Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage occurred in 20 patients (40.2%) and partially anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in 8 patients (16.3%). Conclusion Asplenia syndrome is frequently accompanied with anomalous vena cava and pulmonary venous drainage.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics,treatment,prognostic factors of primary small intestinal lymphoma (PSIL).Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with PSIL who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from November 1999 to July 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The diagnostic workup before operation included abdominal ultrasound,computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen,small intestinal barium radiography,endoscopy examination and laboratory examination.The patients with local PSIL underwent radical surgery,patients who were not eligible for radical surgery received palliative treatment,and then accurate staging was done according to Ann-Arbor system for gastrointestinal lymphoma,and chemotherapy was applied according to the condition of patients.The patients were followed up by letters,telephone and outpatient care till July 2012.Factors might have influence on the prognosis were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test.COX regression model were used for univariate and multivariate analysis,respectively.Results The major symptoms of PSIL included abdominal pain (69.1％,47/68) and weight loss (29.4％,20/68).All of the 68 patients underwent small intestinal barium radiography and endoscopy examination,and 15 and 11 cases were definitely diagnosed as with PSIL.Abdominal mass were detected by abdominal ultrasound in 38 of 45 cases.Positive results were found in 30 cases by CT and 5 cases by positron emission tomography (PET)-CT.PSIL mainly involved ileum (73.5％,50/68),13 PSILs were located at the jejunum and 5 at the duodenum.Of all the 68 patients,64 were with B-cell subtype PSIL and 4 were with T-cell subtype PSIL.Most tumors belonged to stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ (66.2％,45/68).All of the 68 patients were treated with surgical procedure,including 51 patients received radical resection and 17 patients had palliative resection.After operation,4-8 cycles of chemotherapy were applied in 57 patients.Seven patients received COP regimen,50 received CHOP regimen (10 patients with positive expression of CD20 received R-CHOP regimen simutaneously),the remaining 11 patients did not receive chemotherapy.Sixty-four patients were followed up,and the follow-up rate was 94.1％ (64/68).The median follow-up time was 40 months (range,3-132 months).The median survival time was 40.5 months.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 78.1％,62.2％ and 59.7％,respectively.The prognosis of patients with B-cell subtype PSIL,in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and received operation + chemotherapy was superior to those who were with T-cell subtype PSIL,in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and received operation (x2=22.459,45.535,15.782,P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that level of LDH,pathological subtype,clinical stage,presence of systemic symptom,treatment modality,radical surgery and lymphatic metastasis were risk factors for prognosis (x2=7.245,22.459,45.535,5.796,15.782,45.926,9.214,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis revealed B cell phenotype,stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and surgery + chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for survival (RR =7.133,5.304,0.256,95％ CI:1.634-31.130,1.498-18.781,0.095-0.691,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The major symptoms of PISL include abdominal pain and weight loss.Definite diagnosis of PSIL depends on endoscopy and imaging examination.PSIL mainly involves ileum.Surgery based treatment is the preferred option,and the combined treatment of rituximab with chemotherapy may improve the survival.B-cell phenotype,early clinical stage (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and surgical resection plus chemotherapy are independent prognostic factors for better survival.

Objective To compare the infectivity between laboratory adapted human inununodefi- ciency virus(HIV-1) and primary HIV-1 isolates for different mucosal epithelial cell lines. Methods Mu-cosal epithelial cells Caco-2, T-84, HeLa and lymphocyte MT-4 were infected with laboratory adapted HIV-1 SF33 and 2 primary HIV-1 isolates (02010561, 02010141). Culture supernatant and cells were collected respectively on 3-4 days interval after virus inoculation. The former was tested for HIV-1 antigen P24 level and viral load, and the latter was tested for total viral DNA and integrated viral DNA. Results All 3 virus strains could infect MT-4 cells and integrate into their genome. Only HIV-1 SF33 could infect Caco-2 cells but could not integrate into their genomic DNA. Both HIV-1 SF33 and 02010561 infected HeLa cells but only integration of HIV-1 SF33 was detected. All the 3 HIV-1 strains infected T-84 cells but only the integra-tion of HIV-1 SF33 and 02010141 was observed. Conclusion Although laboratory adapted and primary HIV-1 strains are able to infect human mucosal epithelial cell lines, transient or productive infection estab-lished in different mucosal epithelial cells is dependent on the character of cells and virus strains.