Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a compound oral sulfate solution for preoperative bowel cleansing in colonic polyp patients.Methods Patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy were divided into control group and treatment group according to cohort method methods.Patients in the control group were given compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder.They started taking it 4-6 hours before colonoscopy and completed the 4 liters of solution within 2 hours.Patients in the treatment group were given a compound oral sulfate solution.They took 1.5 liters of the solution the evening before surgery and repeated the same dosage on the day of the operation.Intestinal cleanliness was assessed using the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),bowel preparation compliance,drug tolerance,patient satisfaction,and incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Results Control group and treatment group each consisted of 40 cases.The total BBPS scores for the control group and treatment group were(6.68±1.19)and(7.43±1.23)points,respectively.This difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Medication compliance rates in the control group and treatment group were 70.00％(28 cases/40 cases)and 95.00％(38 cases/40 cases),respectively;movement compliance rates were 67.50％(27 cases/40 cases)and 97.50％(39 cases/40 cases)in the two groups,while medication tolerance rates were 67.50％(27 cases/40 cases)and 90.00％(36 cases/40 cases);patient satisfaction with bowel preparation were(1.89±0.75)and(2.42±0.43)points for the control and treatment groups,respectively;statistically significant differences were found between the control and treatment groups in all the above indicators(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).The main adverse drug reactions in the control and treatment groups were nausea and vomiting,with occurrence rates of 10.00％(4 cases/40 cases)and 5.00％(2 cases/40 cases),respectively.The comparison of adverse drug reactions occurrence rate between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Taking compound oral sulfate solution for intestinal preparation,the intestinal cleaning effect is better than that of compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder,and the patient's compliance and drug tolerance are higher,and the patient's satisfaction can be effectively improved.

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE To study the effects of tetramethypyrazine(TMP)on the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and expression of associated protein,and to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of TMP on hepatoma carcinoma cells.METHODS The an-ti-proliferation of TMP on HepG2 cells was detected by Real-time cell analyzer(RTCA DP).Flow cytometer was used to eval-uate the apoptosis and cell cycle of HepG2.The expression of p53 and Bcl-2/Bax were determined by western blot.RESULTS RTCA DP indicated that TMP significantly inhibited HepG2 proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner.TMP po-tently induced apoptosis and cell cycle arresting at G0/G1 checkpoint.Western blot showed that TMP significantly increased the expression of p53(P <0.01)and decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio.CONCLUSION TMP can inhibit the proliferation of HepG2, which associated with cell cycle arrest and altered expression of p53 and Bcl-2/Bax.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analysis the treatment characteristics of the systemic situation in patients with crush syndrome after Wenchuan earthquake happened in May 12th, 2008.

METHODSForty-nine patients with crush syndrome and subsequent acute renal failure (ARF) due to the earthquake were treated in West China Hospital. All of patients had been rescued from buildings that collapsed in Wenchuan earthquake. The major associated injuries were in the low extremities and upper extremities. 49 patients developed ARF with increased concentrations of serum creatinine (mean 64 022 U/L) had underwent haemodialysis. Hyperkalaemia was seen in 9 patients and four of them underwent haemodialysis. 49 patients were administered hemodialysis.

RESULTSNo patient died. All patients who suffered from the ARF were weaned from hemodialysis after admitted 7 to 35 days. Forty-five extremities underwent amputations and 52 extremities had fasciotomy.

CONCLUSIONSCrush syndrome requires urgent recognition and prompt surgical treatment with simultaneous measures to control hyperkalemia and ARF. The authors believe that immediate intensive care therapy and multi-subjective coordination would have improved the survival rate.

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amputation ; Child ; Crush Syndrome ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Decompression, Surgical ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in diagnosis of mediastinal lesions and to discuss its optimal indication.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty three patients with mediastinal lesions who underwent EBUS-TBNA were included in this study. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA in diagnosis of mediastinal lesions were analyzed according to the final diagnosis and evaluate its value and the optimal indication.

RESULTSIn the 123 patients, EBUS-TBNA was successfully performed to obtain samples from 286 stations of lymph nodes (2.33 stations/per patient). The puncture success rate was 100%. The procedure was uneventful without complications. Final diagnosis indicated that there were 83 positive and 40 negative patients. EBUS-TBNA had a sensitivity of 95.2%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 90.0%, and overall accuracy of 96.8%. For diagnosis of the epithelial cancer, EBUS-TBNA had an accuracy of 98.8%, sensitivity of 98.8%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 100%. EBUS-TBNA failed to reveal three lymphomas. For diagnosis of benign mediastinal diseases, EBUS-TBNA had a diagnosis rate of 47.2% which had a confirmed clinical application value.

CONCLUSIONSEBUS-TBNA may be expected to replace the mediastinoscopy as a superior choice for diagnosis of mediastinal epithelial cancers. EBUS-TBNA can not replace mediastinoscopy but being a promising tool for diagnosis of benign mediastinal lesions including granulomas. For certain special diseases such as lymphoma, mediastinoscopy cannot be replaced. However, EBUS-TBNA can be a potentially favorite choice for early stage screening.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Granuloma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Mediastinal Diseases ; pathology ; Mediastinoscopy ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sarcoidosis ; pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.

METHODSSalt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.

RESULTSAfter 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7 +/- 12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8 +/- 5.2 mmHg, P < 0.01; 12.2% +/- 12.0% vs. 2.5% +/- 4.4%, P < 0.001, respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 +/- 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 +/- 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% +/- 10.6% vs. 6.8% +/- 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSSalt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.

Adolescent ; Aging ; physiology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Blood Volume ; Female ; Furosemide ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Sodium Chloride ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Systole

OBJECTIVETo estimate disease burden and epidemiological characteristics of acute meningitis/encephalitis, and provide the basis for the disease control strategy development.

METHODSA syndrome surveillance system was established in Guigang city with a population of 5 020 000. For the suspected cases, serum and CSF were collected, and bacterial culture, latex agglutination test, real-time PCR and ELISA tests were carried out. All involved cases were identified to 6 categories according to WHO case definition.

RESULTS1424 suspected cases were evaluated in a surveillance of 30 months, yielding the incidence, mortality and mortality of 11.35/100 000 (1424/12 546 500 person years), 0.43/100 000 (54/12 546 500 person years), 3.79% (54/1424) respectively. A total of 103 and 51 cases were confirmed for JE, bacterial meningitis, with a incidence of 0.82/100 000 (103/12 546 500 person years), 0.41/100 000 (51/12 546 500 person years). 96.10% (99/103) of JE cases and 37.30% (19/51) bacterial meningitis cases occurred in < 10 years old children and < 5 years old children. A clinical misdiagnosis rate of 19.42% (20/103) and 15.69% (8/51) were observed for JE and bacterial meningitis.

CONCLUSIONAcute encephalitis, meningitis syndrome can cause a higher burden of disease, of which the main components of viral encephalitis. Most of syndrome is occurred in summer and autumn, mainly reported in children of younger than 10 years old. A quite misdiagnosis would be made among meningitis and encephalitis syndrome cases.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Encephalitis, Viral ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; epidemiology ; Meningoencephalitis ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Middle Aged ; Seasons ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyse the relationships among HBV genotypes, HBV DNA levels and histopathological features of the livers of familial grouped hepatitis B patients in the Tianjin area.

METHODSOne hundred familial grouped hepatitis B (CHB) patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-five of the 100 patients were chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (ASC) and 65/100 were mild CHB patients. Their HBV genotypes and HBV-DNA levels were detected and liver biopsies were performed for analyzing the pathological features.

RESULTSSeven patients were of HBV genotype B (7%), and most of them had a HBV DNA level in the middle 10(3-5) copies/ml (57.14%). The histopathological features of the livers were of different degrees of injury. Eleven patients HBV was of genotype BC (11%); their HBV DNA levels were from 10(3-5) copies/ml (45.45%) to 10(6-7)copies/ml (36.36%). Their liver pathology showed slight or severe injuries (< or = G2 90.91%, < or = S(2) 81.82%). Eighty-two patients HBV was of genotype C (82%), and among the 82, 29 were ASC and 53 were CHB. Among the ASC, most of them had a high HBV DNA level (72.41%), and all of them had different degrees of liver injury. Among the CHB, their HBV DNA levels were 10(6-7) copies/ml (39.62%) and more than or equal 10(8) copies/ml (49.06%). The liver histopathological features were > or = G(2) in 38 patients (71.70%), and > or = S(2) in 25 patients (47.17%).

CONCLUSIONS(1) In the majority, HBV of the family gathered hepatitis B patients living in Tianjin is of genotype C and they have a high HBV-DNA level and severe liver pathological injuries. These features of the family gathered hepatitis B patients are the main factors causing the unfavorable prognosis of the patients. (2) There is inflammation of different degrees in the livers and high HBV DNA levels in all the family gathered ASC patients. Antiviral therapy should be planned according to the pathological features in patients livers. (3) Liver biopsies should be performed routinely before their antiviral therapy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

Objective Based on sequencing the full-length genomes of two Chinese Ferret-Badger, we analyzed the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level to get information on prevalence and variation of rabies viruses in Zhejiang,and to enrich the genome database of rabies viruses street swains isolated from Chinese wildlife.Methods Overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses of the N genes from Chinese Ferret-Badger,sika deer,vole,dog.Vaccine strains were then determined.Results The two full-length genomes were completely sequenced to find out that they had the same genetic structure with 11 923 nts including 58 nts-Leader, 1353 nts-NP,894 nts-PP,609 nts-MP,1575 nts-GP,6386 nts-LP, and 2,5,5 nts-intergenic regions (IORs),423 nts-Pseudogene-like sequence(ψ),70 nts-Trailer.Conclusion The two full-length genomes were in accordance with the propertms of Rhabdoviridae Lyssa virus by blast and multi-sequence alignment.Th nucleotide and amino acid sequences among Chinese strains had the highest similarity,especially among animals of the same species.Of the two full-length genomes,the similarity in amino acid level was dramatically higher than that in nucleotide level, so that the nucleotide mutations happened in these two genomes were most probably as synonymous mutations.Compared to the referenced rabies viruses,the lengths of the five protein coding regions did not show any changes or recombination,but only with a few-point mutations.It was evident that the five proteins appeared to be stable.The variation sites and types of the two ferret badgers genomes were similar to the referenced vaccine or street strains.The two strains were genotype 1 according to the multi-sequence and phyiogenetic analyses,which possessing the distinct geographyphic characteristics of China.All the evidence suggested a cue that these two ferret badgers rabies viruses were likely to be street virus that already circulating in wildlife.

Objective To explore features and clinic values of LNR anatomy with multiple planar reconstruction techniques with 16-slice spiral CT at the same slice.Methods The lumbar vertebrae with normal adults of 55 cases and 23 cases with abnormal ENR caused by 8 cases with protrusion of lumbar disc, 5 cases with spinal stenosis,4 cases with malignant tumor,5 cases with trauma and 1 case with lumbar TB confirmed by operation were scanned with 16-slice spiral CT made in American GE company in routine posture of the lumbar vertebrae,reconstructed LNR with UNIX system in workstation (ADW 4.1),and analyzed their normal and abnormal anatomic manifestations at the same slice.Results All of LNR can symmetrically showed on oblique and coronal planes according to different segments:one segment from L1 to L5(55,100% ),two segments: from L1 to L2,L2 to L3 and L3 to L4(55,100% ),three segments: from L1 to L3 (49,88%),from L2to L4(46,84% )and from L3 to L5(20,36% ),four segments: from L1 to L4 (15,27% )and five segments:(8,15% ),respectively.Each LNR,including their whole shapes of passage from starting to end,direction,size,shape,tension and peripheral relationship and so on can showed clearly on oblique and coronal planes and on other planes. However,the later planes can increase LNR but decreasing numbers of LNR and especially increase very long one LNR reconstruction.Primary manifestation of all diseases can be showed on oppressing along its walking line,meanwhile,20 cases with adhesion, 14 cases with displacement,13 cases atrophy and 9 cases with increasing diameter.Conclusions Image anatomy features of full LNR with 16-slice spiral CT with the multiple plane reconstruction techniques is very ideal ways at the same slice.It is a very valuable way to make diagnosis and treatment of LNR diseases.The concept of"road sing"and showing"at the same slice"of LNR are tried to rise from in order to make foundation for studying their image.

BACKGROUNDHypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) carries an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. No data regarding the percutaneous transseptal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) and epicardial left ventricular pacing (LVP) were reported.

METHODSSeven patients with recurrent symptoms and increased resting left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (LVOTG) after PTSMA and another 14 patients with HOCM without history of PTSMA were studied. Both resting and dobutamine stress echocardiography, PTSMA and LVP were routinely performed.

RESULTSIn patients without previous PTSMA procedure, mild reduction of resting LVOTG was detected at 5 minutes after left ventricular pacing, and this reduction became significant at 10 minutes. All patients were divided into successful and unsuccessful groups according to their response to LVP. In contrary to patients in unsuccessful group, resting and R-S2 stimuli-induced LVOTG during PTSMA procedure were decreased dramatically ((9 +/- 5) mmHg vs (58 +/- 12) mmHg, (12 +/- 2) mmHg vs (113 +/- 27) mmHg, P < 0.001). Analysis of Logistic regression demonstrated that only LVOTG level during left ventricular pacing was an independent factor predicting the reduction of LVOTG immediately after PTSMA (odds ratio (OR), 0.59; 95% CI 2.67 to 5.82; P = 0.0002).

CONCLUSIONLeft ventricular endocardial temporary pacing plays a critical role in predicting acute effect on the reduction of LVOTG immediately after PTSMA procedure.

Adult ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pressure ; Ventricular Function, Left