OBJECTIVE:TO summarize the newest clinical application of permanent cardiac pacemaker, and introduce the relationship between the therapy efficacy and mechanism.DATA SOURCES: Related papers were searched in Pubmed from January 2000 to December 2006 with the terms of "pacemaker,application",and the language of paper was limited to English,at the same time,related papers were searched in WangFang Database with the same terms and the language of paper was limited to Chinese.STUDY SELECTION:The papers relevant to the newest large-scale clinical trial about the cardiac pacemaker were primarily collected.Exclusion criteria:repetitive studies.DATA EXTRACTION:A total of 203 pieces of papers related to the newest clinical application of cardiac pacemaker were collected,among which,30 pieces accorded with the inclusion criteria.DATA SYNTHESIS:The pacemaker can simulate the normal myocardium cell's function pacing and conducting the rhythm. Consequently it can substitute the abnormal myocardium cell to ensure the sequence and completeness of the cardiac pacing and conducting system,the natural electrophysiological activity,and the efficiency of the cardiac ejection and blood supply.The clinical application is not only for single bradycardia, but also for cardiac electric failure, cardiac electric turbulence,and some heart diseases without cardiac electric abnormity.With pacemaker miniaturization,digital signal processing, improved diagnostics and endocardial electrograms, modern pacemakers are able to offer a sophisticated therapeutic and diagnostic platform for the patients with refractory symptoms.CONCLUSION:The pacemaker can simulate the normal myocardium cell's function pacing and conducting the rhythm.It therapy for congenital heart disease.

Objective To observe the curative effects of azithromycin combination with clindamycin on the treatment of children with mycoplasmal pneumonia. Methods 146 children were divided into control group and observation group randomly.Azithromycin was used to treat 69 children in the control group while azithromycin combination with clindamycin was used to treat 77 children in the observation group.The curative effects and adverse effects were observed. Results The total effective rate of control group was 81.2%,which was significantly lower than that in observation group(94.8%),(x2=6.59,P＜0.05). Conclusion Azithromycin combination with clindamycin was an effective and safety method to treat the children with mycoplasmal pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of antihypertensive drug NO.1 on brain cortical tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods A total of 60 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR,30 males and 30 females) and 12 healthy Wistar rats (6 males and 6 females) weighed (200 20) g,were randomly divided into 6 groups.Model group (SHR,n=12) and control group (healthy Wistar rats,n=12) were given the same dose of placebo.Captopril group (SHR,n=12) were given captopril 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1.The low-,median-and high-dose groups of antihypertensive drug NO.1 were given 0.25,0.5 and 1 g · kg 1 · d-1 respectively.After 4 weeks of treatment,carotid artery blood pressure was detected.All rats were sacrificed,and brain tissue samples were taken.The expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,necrosis factor NF-κB P65,chloride channel 2 and 3 (CLC-2 and CLC-3) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results After 4 weeks of antihypertensive NO.1 treatment,SHR carotid artery blood pressure was (182.8 ± 7.3)mmHg in low dose group,(170.3±9.4) mmHg in medium dose group,and (163.9±10.6) mmHg in high dose group; and (205.4 ± 11.3)mmHg in the model group.Antihypertensive drug NO.1 significantly reduced blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats,and had a concentrationresponse relationship (P＜0.05).Antihypertensive drug NO.1 decreased the expressions of Bax,CLC-2 and CLC-3,and increased the expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB P65.Conclusions Antihypertensive drug NO.1 plays a protective role in hypertension-induced cell injury by changing the metabolic enhancement in hypertension-induced cell volume decrease.

The irrational drug use is one of the major public health issues. As children are in growth, their drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and pharmacodynamic characteristics are different from those in adults, thus more challenges on how to make rational use of drugs in children are seen. In this paper, by analyzing current situation of irrational drug use in children, the definition and standards of the rational drug use, and the measures adopted by WHO and China in promoting rational use of drugs in children, we emphasize here and call for a promotion of the awareness of rational use of drugs in children, and activities in forms of propaganda and health education, popularization of medical science and the medication safety knowledge, guidance for the development of good medication beliefs and habits in public, improvement of the social security administration, maximization of the protection of children's medication safety, and maintenance of children's health rights and interests.

Objective To determine the clinical indicators of early death (within 72 hours) in patients with acute paraquat poisoning.Methods The data of 93 acute paraquat poisoning patients admitted to emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of the First Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they died within 72 hours or not.The gender,age,poison dose,paraquat concentration in urine,reduction of paraquat amount in urine after each hemoperfusion,and the worst value of white blood cell (WBC) count,lymphocytes count,arterial blood gas analysis,blood K +,Na+,Cl-,and serum amylase,serum lipase,serum total bilirubin,troponin Ⅰ,creatine kinase (CK),blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine within 24 hours after poisoning were compared.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between paraquat concentration in urine and the dose of paraquat.The predictive value of each indicator at death in early stage of poisoning was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve).Results Nineteen patients in the group of those died in early stage of poisoning (within 72 hours) resulted in a mortality rate of 20.4％.Compared with non-early death group,in early death group,the value of poison dose (mL:133.4 ± 108.8 vs.58.6 ± 40.0,t=3.145,P=0.002),paraquat concentration in urine [mg/L:16.34 (11.87,96.76) vs.4.46 (1.21,12.78),Z=-3.422,P=0.001],WBC (× 109/L:22.63 ±9.72 vs.14.95 ±8.39,t=3.446,P=0.001),blood lactate [Lac (mmol/L):6.7 (2.2,12.1) vs.1.9 (1.1,3.4),Z=-3.294,P=0.001] were significantly higher,and the reduction rate of paraquat concentration in urine after first perfusion [(38.4 ± 15.63)％ vs.(67.59 ± 27.87)％,t=2.945,P=0.004] and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [PaCO2 (mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):28.7 ± 9.3 vs.34.8 ± 6.7,t=-3.245,P=0.002] were significantly lowered.There was no significant difference between two groups in other indexes.Poison dose and paraquat concentration in urine showed significantly positive correlation (r=0.450,P＜0.001).ROC curve showed that the predictive value of paraquat concentration in urine,WBC,and Lac in early death were significant [area under the ROC curve (AUC) of paraquat concentrations in urine was 0.806,95％ confidence interval (95％CI) 0.699-0.913,the cut-off value was 11.64 mg/L,with sensitivity 84.6％,specificity 71.4％; AUC of WBC was 0.734,95％CI 0.569-0.899,the cut-off value was 15.94 × 109/L with sensitivity 69.2％,specificity 76.8％ ; AUC of Lac was 0.729,95％CI 0.568-0.891,the cut-off value was 1.95 mmol/L with sensitivity 84.6％,specificity 42.9％].Conclusions Paraquat concentrations in urine,WBC,Lac,poison dose and PaCO2 were the risk factors of the early death of the acute paraquat poisoning.The research suggests that paraquat concentration in urine,WBC and Lac are valuable in predicting early death of the patients.

Objective:To Integrated PACS and hospital information systems (HIS), and improve the efficiency of PACS, and improve the user experience. Methods:Base on deeply analysis of existing problems in system application, using process optimization, software optimization, and hardware upgrades manner optimize PACS. Results: PACS and HIS realized Integrated, improving the overall performance of the PACS. Enhance the user experience and expand the application scope of PACS. Conclusion: Deeply analysis of existing problems should be done before optimizing the system. Process optimization, software environment optimization should be considered as the most important and upgrading and replacement of the hardware as the secondary.

Asthma ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Adenoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; epidemiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Basosquamous ; pathology ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; pathology ; beta-Defensins ; genetics

Base Sequence ; DNA ; chemistry ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; metabolism ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nanostructures ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods

Communicable Diseases ; genetics ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Precision Medicine ; methods ; trends