Objective To study the influence factors of infertility by analysis of semen sample and reference for clinical treat-ment.Methods 3 527 cases of semen sample were collected from Jan 2012 to Jun 2014.All samples were analysed by SQA-V analyzer and compared with 80 cases of normal semen.Results There were 358 normal samples (10.2%)and 3 169 ab-normal samples (89.8%).Among the abnormal samples low sperm motility had the highest ratio (2.7%)while abnormal pH had the lowest ratio (61.5%).All the indexes had significance difference to normal sample expect pH value (t=0.065, P =0.969).Among them,the comparison of rate had statistical significance(χ2 =3.214~24.712,P <0.05).The compari-son of mean also had statistical significance(t=2.523~15.324,P <0.05).Conclusion Infertility male almost has abnormal index of semen volume,liquefaction time,sperm motility,sperm density,sperm morphology,sperm viability.Accurately sperm analysis can provide objective basis to clinical diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of unilateral pedicle screw fixation in treating thoracolumbar fractures through paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2009,21 patients with single level thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms were treated with unilateral pedicle screw fixation through paraspinal approach. There were 14 males and 7 females,aged from 21 to 65 years old with a mean of 36.4 years. The duration from injury to operation ranged from 6 h to 5 d with an average of 3 d. According to the classification of Denis fracture, compression fractures happedned in 12 cases and burst fractures happened in 9 cases,including 1 case with T5 fracture, 2 cases with T7 fracture, 2 cases with T10 fracture, 3 cases with T11 fracture, 8 cases with T12 fracture, and 5 cases with L1 fracture. Based on the Flankel grade, all patients were classified as grade E. Anterior vertebral body height ratio, sagittal Cobb angle, condition of internal fixation failure, visual analogue score (VAS) were evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 36 months with an average of 20.5 months. No internal fixation failure was found. Anterior vertebral body height ratios at preoperative 3 days after operation and last follow-up were 54.3 +/- 2.8, 92.9 +/- 1.5, 93.8 +/- 1.7, respectively;sagittal Cobb angle at the three timepoints were (27.8 +/- 2.5) degrees, (5.3 +/- 0.8) degrees, (6.3 +/- 1.4) degrees, respectively; the difference was statistical significant (P < 0.05). VAS was (1.2 +/- 0.4) points at last follow-up and had obviously improved (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of thoracolumbar fractures with unilateral pedicle screw fixation through paraspinal approach is safe with the advantages of micro-trauma and less blood loss,which can not only completely retain the posterior spinal complex structure, reinforce the spinal stability, raise the reductional quality, but also improve the strength of fixation and the distribution of stress force.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of shoulder lift reduction for treatment of posterior dislocation of hip joint.

METHODSFrom July 2001 to June 2010, 14 cases of posterior dislocation of hip joint were treated with shoulder lift reduction involving 12 males and 2 females with an average age of 34.6 years ranging from 18 to 57 years. After recduction, all patients were assisted with the traction, exercise and traditional Chinese medicine. The mean duration between injured and treatment was 1.1 days (2 hours to 3 days). According to Harris scoring system the hip joint function were evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed-up for 8 to 24 months (means 16 months). Fourteen cases were reset well in first without any complication. The Harris score was (97.14 +/- 4.90) in total, involving hip pain (42.86 +/- 1.88), articular activity (4.71 +/- 0.47), daily activity (45.57 +/- 9.26), deformity (4.00 +/- 0.00), the clinical outcome was excellent in 12 cases,good in 2. There were not complications such as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and so on.

CONCLUSIONThe shoulder lift reduction can be used by one person, and the treatment of posterior dislocation of hip joint is effective. It established a good foundation for the rehabilitation of trouble hip.

Adolescent ; Female ; Hip Injuries ; therapy ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; therapy ; Lifting ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Manipulations ; methods ; Shoulder ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

To understand Lophatherum gracile plant community's structural characteristics, a survey of community structure and species diversity was conducted through quadrat sampling in Yongchuan district of Chongqing. The results showed that there were 386 species vascular plants, belonging to 117 families and 229 genera. Based on habitat, community structure and species composition, L. gracile were found in three community types: Pinus massoniana community, banboo community, shurb community. Vertical structure was composed of three layers, including tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. Species in shrub layer was the richness. P. massoniana is the only dominant species of the community, it can not regenerate naturally, the shrub layer has a greater effect on the community of L. gracile in the future. In addition, the banboo community and shurb community is not stable because of human's activity. Therefore, the community characters of L. gracile should be taken care of conservation when the resources are utilized.
China ; Ecosystem ; Pinus ; physiology ; Plants ; Poaceae ; physiology

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis(MVT) in the elderly. Methods The clinical features, diagnosis, treatments and prognosis of 10 aged cases with acute MVT were retrospectively analyzed. Results The chief complaints of the 10 cases were different degrees of abdominal pain, which not paralleled with abdominal signs. The accompanying symptoms were nausea, vomiting and bloody stools and so on. All of these patients were misdiagnosised as pancreatitis, appendicitis or intestinal obstruction and so on. diagnosis of two cases was confirmed by ultrasound, 8 by CT. At the same time, 2 cases underwent angiography examination. Of the 8 cases who underwent operation, 5 cases were cured, 3 cases died (1 died of toxic shock and 2 died of multiple organ failure ). Two cases underwent conservative intervention thrombolysis. Conclusions It is essential to improve the knowledge of acute MVT,especially its intricate clinical characteristics, high rates of misdiagnosis and mortality. Early proper diagnosis is crucial. The main treatment is operation and conservative intervention thrombolysis can be performed in the patients whose bowel has not necrosed yet.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSMEDLINE (1966 - 2008), EMBASE (1966 - 2008), CBMdisc (1978 - 2008) were searched. The Cochrane Library, Evidence Base Medicine Reviews (Ovid Edition), Cancerlit (1993 - 2008) and so on, date of last search: 30 January 2008. There were no restrictions in language. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were both included in this study, and the quality of each included study was assessed. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 4.2 software.

RESULTSFour prospective controlled studies and two retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis showed that 1-, 3-, 4-year survival rates and 1-year tumor-free survival rate had not statistically significant difference in RFA group compared with surgical resection group (P > 0.05), but surgical resection was more effective to improve 3-year tumor-free survival rate than RFA (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe effect of RFA therapy on small HCC is similar to resection, RFA could be considered as the first-line treatment of choice for surgical candidates with small HCC in cirrhotic patients.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

AIMTo study the synthesis and antitumour activities of some aryl-substituted pteridines.

METHODSA series of aryl-substituted pteridines were synthesized from 4, 6-diamino-5-nitrosopyrimidines by cyclization with 4-aminophenylacetonitriles. The antitumour activities were tested by MTT method.

RESULTSNine new compounds (I-III) were synthesized and their structures were characterized by EA, IR, 1HNMR and MS spectra. Compounds I-III showed antitumour activities in vitro.

CONCLUSIONCompounds I-III showed remarkable antitumour activities in vitro. No interaction was determined between the title compounds and calf thymus DNA. It indicated that these compounds possibly inhibit dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) or other enzymes on which folic acid depends.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Humans ; KB Cells ; drug effects ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Molecular Structure ; Pteridines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare the application of HE and enzyme histochemical staining in assessing the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells coagulated by microwave ablation at different temperatures.

METHODSTwo groups of mice (n=6) with transplanted homogenic HCC were treated by microwave ablation at 60 degrees C and 50 degrees C for 3 min, respectively. Before and after microwave ablation, paraffin sections and frozen sections of the tumors were prepared for routine HE staining and enzyme histochemical staining with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase (NADH-diaphorase), respectively, and observed under microscope.

RESULTSShortly after microwave ablation, the morphology and arrangements of the nucleus of the ablated tumor cells in the two groups showed no obvious alteration in HE stained sections, but in sections with enzyme histochemical staining, the activity of NADH-diaphorase in ablated tumor tissue at 60 degrees C disappeared, suggesting the death of HCC cells; sporadic activity of the enzyme was detected in the coagulated tumor at 50 degrees C, indicating tumor cells surviving the ablation. The ablation effect was markedly different between the two groups (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONHE staining is not suitable for evaluation of HCC destruction immediately after microwave ablation, and detection of NADH-diaphorase activity with the enzyme histochemical method better suits this purpose.

Animals ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Female ; Histocytochemistry ; methods ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; therapy ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; enzymology ; pathology ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Temperature

Metabonomics was employed to investigate the effect of Angelica sinensis volatile oil (ASVO) to the endogenous metabolites of normal rats, and to reveal the possible ways of metabolism in rats caused by ASVO. The fifty male Waster rats were randomly divided into five groups (each consists of 10 rats), such as control group, high dose group of ASVO, middle dose group of ASVO, low dose group of ASVO, and Aspirin group. They were given 0.9% saline, 0.352 mL x kg(-1) ASVO, 0.176 mL x kg(-1) ASVO, 0.088 mL x kg(-1) ASVO and ASP respectively with the equal volume of 0.2 mL. Drugs and vehicle were given for 3 successive days. The urine was collected at 12, 24, 36, 48 h after modeling with metabolic cages. Rat urine metabolic fingerprint in different stages was analyzed using GC-MS, based on which the principal component analysis (PCA)and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models were established for metabonomic analysis. Potential biomarkers were screened by using variable importance in the projection (VIP) and T test. It was revealed that the middle dose of ASVO at 36 h induces a substantial change in rat urine. Compared with control group, seven kinds of endogenous metabolites in ASP group and ASVO group change significantly (P < 0.05), among which aconitic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, alpha-ketone glutaric acid, glycine and malic acid content had an upward trend (P < 0.05) and prostaglandin content had a downward trend (P < 0.01). The mechanism of ASVO and ASP have the similarity. It is likely that ASVO intervenes the metabolic process by affecting the energy, amino acid and lipid metabolism. Our work also indicates that rats administrated with ASVO can increase the energy metabolism of the body, induce the production of inflammatory substances and strengthen the body's immune ability. The result has also provide a proof for futher interpret ASVO pharmacological effects.
Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Plant Oils ; analysis ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Urine ; chemistry

AIMTo determine the effects of azide methyl anthraquinone derivative (AMAD) on growth inhibition and inducing apoptosis of multidrug resistant (MDR) KBv200 cells and parental drug-sensitive KB cells.

METHODSCytotoxicity was determined by tetrazolium (MTF) assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (deltapsi(m)) in cells were labeled with DCFH-DA and DiOC6 and tested by flow cytometry. Annexin V stain and DNA ladder were used to examine the apoptosis of KB and KBv200 cells induced by AMAD.

RESULTSAMAD was shown to inhibit the growth of KB and KBv200 cells significantly in a concentration-dependent manner, with mean IC50 of 0.36 and 0.45 micromol x L(-1), respectively. The generation of ROS increased obviously after the cells were treated with AMAD for 12 h, up to the peak in 24 h, meanwhile the levels of deltapsi(m) were time-dependently decreased. DNA fragmentation appeared on the agarose gel. Annexin V stain showed AMAD induced apoptosis of KB and KBv200 cells also in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONAMAD showed inhibitory effect on both MDR KBv200 cells and parental drug-sensitive KB cells. The mechanism of action was associated with the increase of the cellular ROS level and the decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential induced by AMAD, which result in cell apoptosis.

Anthraquinones ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; KB Cells ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; Molecular Structure ; Mouth Floor ; Mouth Neoplasms ; pathology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Vincristine ; pharmacology