Objective To investigate the effect of general anesthesia of laryngeal mask airway in laparoscopic appendectomy;Methods 106 cases of laparoscopic appendectomy patients in the informed consent were randomly divided into LMA group and intubation group by odd and even numbers of hospital,53 cases per group,all patients were used of rapid induction of general anesthesia,oxygen 3 ～ 5min,laryngeal mask insertion laryngeal mask anesthesia,intubation group received tracheal intubation under general anesthesia,then compared of both groups in vital signs and complications; Results HR and MAP of intubation group 5min after intubation was statistically significant from during anesthesia and anesthesia stopped 5 min ( t = 7. 823,6. 849,15. 331,17. 636, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), MAP and HR of other point had no significant difference ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Regurgitation and aspiration, and complications such as nausea and vomiting had not been observed,emergence agitation in the LMA group was 5.7% ,cough was 9. 4% ,hoarseness was 1.9% all were significantly lower than the intubation group( x2 = 10. 415,7. 996,5. 410, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia with intubation in the laparoscopic appendectomy had the same anesthetic effect and it's impact on vital signs were small ,and it had a lower incidence of complications.

Objective To analyze the causes of postoperative lung infections in patients with pefitonectomy and give preventive strategy.Methods The clinical data of 54 patients with postoperative lung infectiom who were performed peritonectomy in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results 54 case8 were analyzed.Of those cases,39 cases were male and 15 female,the average age was 65.4 years,below 60 years wag 13 cases,and others were over 60 years.The mean hospitalization time wag 17.4 days.Patients performed binary tract system operation wag 17,gagtrocnteric system 23,and inguinal hernia 14.Before operation,the patients accompanied with chronic cardiopulmonary disease were 33,gastroenteric tubing 28,radiotherapy/chemotherapy treated 5 and tracheal intubation 3.Condusion The most dangerous factors for postoperative lung infections in elderly inguinal hernia included elder age,chronic cardio and pulmonary primary diseases,preoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy,gagtrocnteric tubing,and trachea/intubafion.Preoperative active treatment with chronic eardio and pulmonary primary diseases,strengthen nutrition and surpport therapy,reduce the chance of gastroenteric tubing,and tracheal intubation are effective for preven-ting postoperafive lung infections in abdominal operations.

Objective To construct competency models of health nurses. Methods The compe-tency models of health nurses based on eompetencies of health nurses by questionnaires survey of check-list and Behavioral Event Interview (BEI) was obtained. First, questionnaires survey of checklist was ad-ministrated and based on these results, coding competency dictionary was obtained through focus group discussions of professionals. Then the transcripts of BEI were coded on the basis of this competency dic-tionary. Results Significant difference existed in time and length of interview. The excellent nurses and common nurses were different in responsibility, professional knowledge and technique, initiative, emergency capability and rigourism. Conclusions The four factors, including service characteristic, cognitive style, professional particularity, tendency particularity, construct the competency models of health nurses.

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are genetic defects caused by lysosomal hydrolase deficiencies. These deficiencies lead to substrate accumulation affecting cells, tissues and organs. Detecting abnormal compound excretion and deficient enzymes assist diagnosis of these disorders for treatment and prevention. This mini review summarizes clinical presentations and diagnostic workup of LSDs and updates the new development in the area.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of modified epley maneuver associated with betahistine for treating posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(PC-BPPV).Methods 78 cases with unilateral PC-BPPV were divided into complexed therapy group(39 cases)and control group(39 cases)randomly.The complexed therapy group was treated by modified epley maneuver associated with betahistine 6mg per time,3 times daily for successive 1 month.the control group was treated by modified epley maneuver only.Results 78 patients after first treatment,56 cases were cured,control group(28 patients),complexed therapy group(28 cases),no statistically significant difference between the two groups.After 1 month of treatment,the control group were cured 30 cases,effective 3 cases,invalid 6 cases;the complexed therapy group were cured 37 cases,effective 1 case,invalid 1 case;complexed therapy group,the cure rate was 94.9％,significantly higher than the 76.9％ of control group(x2=4.3365,P＜0.05).Conclusion The modified epley maneuver associated with betahistine is effective to treat PCBPPV,which is worth being promoted.

Objective To investigate the surgical treatment and prognostic factors in elderly patients with thyroid cancer.Methods The surgical treatment and prognostic factors of 96 patients over the age of 60 years with thyroid cancer were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital from January 2001 to December 2010.The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze survival rates,Log-rank test was used in the univariate analysis and multivariate Cox model was applied for the independent prognostic factors analysis.Results The 5 year survival for elderly patients was 73.6％ and median survival time was 68 months.Univariate analysis indicated that sex,age,lymph node metastases,distant metastasis,clinical stage,extent of tumor invasion and modified cervical lymph node dissection were prognostic factors (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age,clinical stage,extent of tumor invasion and distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors(P＜0.05).Conclusions The elderly patients with thyroid cancer are in poor prognosis.Age,clinical stage,extent of tumor invasion and distant metastasis are independent important prognostic factors.Individualized surgical treatment should be made on the basis of correct assessment of prognosis.

This paper reviewed the main mosquito-species resource of China recorded during 1828-2002 in different periods through Feng(1938),Meng(1955),Lu(1977),to Qu(2002).According to the new systematic series of Reinert(2001),the mosquito-record of China would be totally: 21 genera,52 subgenera,and 395 species/ subspecies up to 2006.The first report of mosquito studies in China including: new species described by foreigner or Chinese entomo-logists,check list,hand-book of "key to Chinese mosquitoes",and "Fauna of China" were cited.And with some discu-ssions on guarantee of the quality of resource materials,its utilization and resource-sharing.

Objective:To study the clinical and pathological features of small cell carcinoma of cervix.(SCCC).Methods:Clinical data,pathological changes and immunohistochimical findings were reviewed in 7 cases of small cell cervical carcinoma(SCCC),and immunohistochemical staining was performed for VEGF in 4 cases of SCCC.Results:The average age was 37 years in 7 patients,and the main symtoms were vaginal bleeding.Under microscope,tumor cells showed oat or intermediate cell type,Three tumors were associated with other forms of carcinoma: squamous cell carcinoma,endometrial carcinoma,poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma.Immunohistochemical staining showed neuroendocrine differentiation and VEGF.Their FIGO staging was stage Ⅰ_b in 2 cases,stage Ⅱ in 2 cases,stage Ⅲ in 2 cases.In the 5 patients with follow-up data,4 were dead and 1 was in following up.Conclusion:Small cell carcinoma of the cervix has stated an extremely aggressive biological behavior with minimal survival chances and a rapid and fatal clinical course.

Effects of cutting the ventral trunk of abtominal vagus nerve of rats. and stimulating its central end on the somatostatin concentration in amygdala, hy-pothalamic nuclei and stomach were studied by radioimmunoassay.Following section of the vagus nerve, the somatostatin concentration of amygdaloid nuclei was not changed, that of lateral preoptic area, hyopthalamic ventromedial nuclei and paraventricular nuclei was reduced, and that of mucosal and muscular layers of antrum and corpus of stomach was also decreased, indicating the tonic influence of the vagus nerve impulses on hypothalamic and gastric somatostatin concentration. Electrical stimulation of the central end of the vagus nerve decreased the somatostatin concentration of medial, lateral and central amygdala, increased that of lateral preoptic area, hypothalamic ventromedial and paravcntricular nuclei, and also increased that of mucosal and muscular layers of gastric antrum, suggesting that somatostatin in amygdala and hypothalamic nuclei plays a role in central integration of visceral afferent information.

The effects of somatostatin and cysteamine injccted into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) on somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) concentration in the gastric antral mucosa and portal vein plasma as well as the gastric acid secretion were studied in anesthetized rats. The SLI concentration in the gastric antral mucosa and portal vein plasma and the gastric acid output were significantly increased one hour after injection of somatostatin (o. 5 ?g/0.5 ?l) into the VMH. Four hours later, the SLI concentration in the mucosa was still higher than the control level, while the SLI level in the plasma and the acid secretion were close to those of controls. On the contrary, the SLI concentration in the mucosa and plasma and the acid output were markedly decreased at four hours after injection of cysteamine (15?g/0.5?l) into the VMH. The present results suggest that both exogenous and endogenous somatostatin in the VMH have a facilitory action on the gastric somatostatin concentration and its release as well as on the gastric acid secretion, thus providing evidence for hypothalamic control of gastric somatostatin and acid secretion.