Objective Building the digitized anatomical model of human cerebrum for providing platform for exact simulation of cerebrum on the computerized and functional study of cerebrum.Methods Visible human technique was used to collect human cerebrum data.The main structures of cerebrum were reconstructed and visualized on personal computer by using the software for tridimensional reconstruction exploited by our research group and the VR software provided by the Chinese University of Hong Kong.Results A three-dimensional digitized anatomical model of human cerebrum based on the midpoint of the intercommissural line was established.Each element of the model was associated with a nametag.According to initial transverse sectional images,we can display sagittal,coronal,and other directional sections of cerebrum by computerized 3D reconstruction;and the reconstructed cerebral structures can be measured in 3D space.Conclusion Each voxel of the model is assigned a nametag and the model has tridemensional coordinate system on the midpoint of intercommissural line,often used in clinic,which made the model be used for visualization in surgical planning,for model driven segmentation and for the teaching of neuroanatomy.

ObjectiveThis system review for the medicine of children gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) will provide the latest evidence based medicine evidence for pediatric clinical medication.MethodsThe documents of randomized controlled clinical trials of children GERD,which had been published in domestic and foreign journals from the year 2000 to 2010,had been retrieved and screened by the study inclusion criteria.According to the Jadad evaluation questionaire,the documents' quality had been evaluated.The efficiency rates of treatment were calculated respectively by the merger of same medicines,and the meta-analysis of different drugs had been done for evaluating the effect of different pharmacological therapeutic agents.In addition,the adverse events occurred during treatment were analyzed.ResultsThere were 31 documents fitting inclusion criteria.2 015 cases of children ( 1039 cases in treatment groups and 976 cases in control groups) had been included in these randomized controlled clinical trials.In these documents the agents included:cisapride ( 18 articles ),erythromycin ( 8 articles ),motilium ( 5 articles ).The merger efficiency rates of these medicines were cisapride (93.43％ ),erythromycin (92.86％ ),motilium (93.06％) respectively.There were no significant difference in the efficiencies of the three drugs in the treatment of GERD ( P＞0.05 ).In addition,the results of meta-analysis about treatment inefficiency,used with the postures therapy and support therapy as controls,were cisapride OR=0.15 ( OR 95％ CI0.11～0.20),erythromycin OR =0.08 ( OR 95％ CI 0.04～0.14 ),motilium OR=0.03 ( OR 95％ CI 0.01～0.07).Furthermore,their adverse effect rates were cisapride 0.72％ ( diarrhea 0.58％,somnolence 0.14％ ),erythromycin 0.96％ ( drug rashes 0.48％,slight increase of GOT 0.48％ ),motilium 1.50％ (diarrhea 1.50％ ).ConclusionThe efficiencies of smaller doses of erythromycin were better than cisapride,and not better than motilium;but the adverse effect rates were better than cisapride,and not better than motilium.In summary,smaller doses of erythromycin is better currently in the treatment of GERD.Attention should be paid in the use of erythromycin,since it accounted for slight increases in GOT or drug rashes approximately.

Objective To summarize the significance of CYP3A5 in individualized immunosuppressive treatment with tacrolimus (FK506) after liver transplantation. Methods Relevant literatures about the effect of CYP3A5 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in liver transplant recipients,which were published recently domestic and abroad,were reviewed and analyzed. Results Tacrolimus was used effectively to prevent allograft rejection after liver transplantation. Narrow therapeutic range and individual variation in pharmacokinetics made it difficultly to establish a fixed dosage for all patients. Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolizing enzymes and in transporters influenced the plasma concentration of tacrolimus. CYP3A5 genotype had an effect on the tacrolimus dose requirement in liver transplant recipients. Conclusion Genotyping for CYP3A5 may help optimal individualization of immunosuppressive drug therapy for patients undergoing liver transplantation

[Objective]To establish digitized visible model of the wrist joint.[Method]Coronal sect ional images of a series of 0.2 man-thick cryosecfions of wrist joint specimens were obtained.After registration and segmentation,the three-dimensional computerized reconstruction of the carpal bone and arch-ligament and its adjacent structures were performed on PC.[Result]For reconstructed Successfully 3D the structures model of wrist joint its adjacent 28 structures.This model can be displayed with single structure and its adjacent structures for wrist joint and can be displayed with several structures in different color and hyalinize.And it can be displayed from any direct ion.Moreover all structures can be measured through angle or line from any direction.[Conclusion]Three-dimensional reconstruction model of the wrist joint demonstrate the relation of anatomy between the carpal bone and ligament by poly-point of view and is meaningful for operations of the wrist joints.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.003

Objective The effects of free fatty acid on leptin receptor in rat islet cells were investigated. Methods Islet cells of newborn sprague Dawley rats were incubated with palmitate acid (0 25mmol/L) or oleic acid (0 125mmol/L) for 12 hours, 24 hours and 36 hours respectively. Western blotting was used to assess the protein content of leptin receptor in rat islet cells. The RNA expression level of leptin receptor was assayed by RT PCR. Tyrosine phospholation of leptin receptor was determined by method of immuno precipitation. Results The protein content of leptin receptor in rat islet cells was significantly decreased after being incubated with free fatty acids for 24 and 36 hours compared with the control ( P

Objective To explore the effects of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro.Methods ADSCs were isolated and co-cultured with pancreatic cancer cells.The proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells was tested by CCK-8 test kit.Stromal cell derived factor (SDF-1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9)and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1)in the culture medium were assayed by ELISA.The expression of cytokines in pancreatic cancer cells and ADSCs were detected by qRT-PCR.CCK-8 test kit was used to measure the AMD3100 regulation for the co-culture of ADSCs and pancreatic cancer cells.Results ADSCs can promote the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells (all P ＜0.05); more SDF-1,VEGF,MMP-9 and less TGF-β1 was secreted by ADSCs than by pancreatic cancer cells(SDF-1:1100±100 vs.0 vs.0,F=389.134,P＜0.01;VEGF:140±4 vs.99±5 vs.93 ±4,F=174.102,P ＜0.05;MMP-9:61.8 ±4.2 vs.43.5 ±2.8 vs.54.5 ±3.0,F=76.279,P＜0.05;TGF-β1:20.6 ±3.0 vs.35.6 ±2.6 vs.41.3 ±5.5,F =79.338,P ＜0.05).ADSCs promote the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer cells(VEGF:63.7 ±5.9 vs.50.6 ±4.1,t =7.536,P＜0.05; MMP-9:mRNA(55.8±3.6 vs.42.7 ±3.1,t =8.279,P＜0.05).AMD3100 significantly downregulates these growth-promoting effects of ADSCs on pancreatic cancer cells(SW1990:1.539 ±0.140 vs.1.361±0.066,t=2.835,P＜0.05;PANC-1:1.376±0.100 vs.1.281±0.031,t=2.860,P＜0.05).Conclusions ADSCs promote the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective To provide anatomic proof for the localization in neck operation and clinical diagnosis of infection and tumor infiltration. Methods A total of 15 cadaver heads and necks were sectioned on transverse plan with cryosection. The layers and characteristics of the deep cervical fascia were observed. Results The deep cervical fascia was divided into four layers with the fasciae of the infrahyoid muscles being a single layer. The deep layer of the deep cervical fascia was subdivided into alar fascia and prevertebral fascia. The carotid sheath was composed of all the layers of the deep cervical fascia. Conclusion The model figure of the deep cervical fascia is obtained.

Objective To construct the adenovirus vector containing mice CD40- IgG2aFc-IRS-GFP fusion gene and detect the expression of the fusion protein in transfeete 293cells.Methods The fragments of CD40, IgG2aFc were obtained and inserted into plasmid PDC316-IgG2aFc-GFP.After being verified by sequencing, Ad5-PDC316-CD40-IgG2aFc-GFP was contransfored with the bckbone vector into 293 cells.The virus titer was detected after replicating and purifing and the expression of the fusion protein was analyzed.Results A virus and plasmid were constructed successfully.The vitro infection showed that the virus can infect cells of which the fusion protein was confirmed by fluo-rescence.The expression of the fusion protein increased with the increased time and virus concentra-tion.The protein expression stopped increasing after the virus concentration came to a certain level.Conclusion CD40, IgG2aFc fragments are correctly ligated with plasmid PDC316-IgG2aFc-GFP, and the fusion protein can be expressed in 293cells.This might lay a foundation for further studies of the expresstion of virus, immune tolerance and mechanism of liver transplantation model in rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of protein active composition of Scorpio on apoptosis of L1210 tumor cells for the purpose of establishing the quality evaluation method of biological effect of Scorpio. Methods L1210 cells were examined by trypan blue exclusion. The proliferation of cells was determined by improved MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze cell apoptosis with propidium iodide (PI). Results When the concentration of protein active composition of Scorpio exceeded or equaled 37 mg/ml, the coefficient correlation of the growth inhibiting curve of L1210 cells was 0.9357, and IC50 was 175 mg/ml. The excellence time was 0 to 48 hours. When the concentration of protein active composition of Scorpio exceeded or equaled 9.25 mg/ml, the apoptosis ratio of L1210 cells was raised significantly.Conclusion The protein active composition of Scorpio might promote the apoptosis and restrain the proliferation of L1210 cells. The value of anti-tumor biological effect of the protein active composition of Scorpio was 9.25 ～ 175 mg/ml. This value may be one of the indexes for quality evaluation of biological effect of Scorpio.