Objective To study the applied value of the improved pyelographic technique under PACS system.Methods The pyelography in 200 cases(including the traditional pyelography in 92,the traditional big dose pyelography in 8 and the improved pyelography in 100) were retrospectively analysed in groups.Results The improved pyelography in comparison with the traditional pyelography,compressing time reduced 9~11 minute during radiography and the contrast medium amount was the same in both.Conclusion The improved pyelography is superior to the traditional or the traditional big dose pyelography.

Objective To evaluate a new method for the isolation of rat pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and to investigate the influence of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) on PSCs in vitro.Methods Normal rat PSCs was isolated by collagenase and Optiprep density gradient centrifugation.The coculture system of ADSCs and PSCs was set up by transwell insert.The proliferation of PSCs was tested by CCK-8 test kit.Smoothmuscle α-actin (α-SMA) expression of PSCs were tested by Western blot.The apoptosis of HSCs was tested by flow cytometer.The cytokines in the culture solution were tested by ELISA kit.Results The quantity of PSCs was above 5 × 106 cells per rat.The purity and the viability of the cells were about 90-97 percent.After coculture for 72 h,the proliferation and activation of PSCs was inhibited by ADSCs (F =223.27,P ＜ 0.05 ; F =52.97,P ＜ 0.05) and the apoptosis of PSCs was promoted by ADSCs (F =43.62,P ＜ 0.05).more NGF and less TGF-β1 was secreted by ADSCs than by PSCs (NGF:14.68 ± 0.94 vs.8.31 ±0.86,t =4.67,P ＜0.05;TGF-β1:10.65 ±0.46 vs.70.47 ±0.99,t =21.72,P＜0.01).Conclusions ADSCs inhibit the proliferation and activation of PSCs by ADSCs secreting cytokines.

Objective To investigate the effect and the potential mechanism of splenic artery coarctation on the expression of iNOS and Th1/Th2 cytokines in spleen of cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension (PHT). Methods Cirrhotic rats were randomized into 3 groups (n= 10):sham operation group (SOG), splenic artery coarctation group (SAC) and splenic artery ligation group (SAL). Ten normal rats treated with sham operation were employed to serve as normal control group (NCG). Immunohistochemial staining was used to observe iNOS. RT-PCR was used to detect IFN-γ and IL-4mRNA. The Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between iNOS and IFN-γ or IL-4. Results The expression of iNOS was increased significantly in spleen of cirrhotic rats as compared with NCG(P＜0. 01). It was decreased after SAC and SAL compared with SOG (P＜0. 01). The expression of IFN-γmRNA and IFN-γ/IL-4 of SOG were decreased but IL-4mRNA increased significantly than that of NCG(P＜0.01). IFN-γmRNA was increased after SAC compared with SOG (P＜0.05). IL-4mRNA was decreased and IFN-γ/IL-4 increased after SAC and SAL compared with SOG (P＜0. 05). The expression of iNOS was negatively correlated with the expression of IFN-γmRNA(r=-0.672, P＜ 0.01 ) and positively correlated with the expression of IL-4 mRNA (r=0.634,P＜0. 01). Conclusion The expression of iNOS is decreased and IFN-γ/IL-4 increased after SAC in spleen of cirrhotic rats with PHT and it may improve Th1/Th2 polarization by reducing the expression of iNOS.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of cucurmosin (CUS) combined with the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for pancreatic cancer in clinical practice including Gemcitabine (GEM),Fluorouracil (5-FU),Paclitaxel (PTX) and Cisplatin (DDP) on cell proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3.Mehtods Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to detect the inhibition on the cell proliferation of BxPC-3 cells in vitro after the treatment of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP,respectively.Colony formation assay was also conducted and Jin' s formula was used to assess the synergistic effect of these combinations.Results The inhibition rate of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP were all higher than those of each drug alone (q ＞ 0.85),which became obvious in low concentrations.The colony formation inhibition rate of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX or DDP were all higher than each single drug treatment (q ＞ 1.15).Conclusion CUS could enhance the cell growth inhibition of GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP in BxPC-3 cells in vitro with a good synergistic effect.

Objective To investigate the cause and diagnosis of anastomotic fistula following low anterior excision of rectal cancer,and its management and prevention measures.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 6 patients with anastomotic leakage underwent anterior excision of rectal cancer.Results 115 patients accepted anterior excision of rectal cancer,6 patients developed anastomotic fistula.5 patients are cured with effective pelvic drainage and 1 case with ileostomy and pelvic drainage.Conclusions Anastomotic fistula is one of the most serious complications related to pre-operative preparation,blood supply and anastomotic tension,intra-operative technigues and effective of drainage.It can be avoided or reduced by different prophylactic measures.

Objective To evaluate perfusion computed tomography in the assessment of portal vein pressure changes in an experimental dog model of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Methods The canine model of cirrhosis and portal hypertension was induced by portal vein stenosis with combination of systemic thioacetamide(TAA) feeding in drinking water.All of the Beagles in control group and cirrhotic group underwent hepatic perfusion on a spiral CT scanner.The parameters of hepatic perfusion were calculated by the method of deconvolution.The portal vein pressure was measured by a laparotomy surgery.Results ① In control group, the portal vein pressure was ( 14.5 ± 2.2) cm H2O, while it was (23.1 ± 2.8) cm H2O in PHT group, there was significant difference in the portal vein pressure between the two groups (P＜0.05).② The blood flow(BF) was (112 ±14) ml·100 g-1·min-1 in controls, while ( 96 ± 11) ml·100 g-1·min-1 in PHT group; the blood volume ( BV ) in control group and PHT group was (10 ±3) ml·100 g-1 and (11 ± 5) ml· 100 g-1, respectively; the mean transit time( MTT) was (7.1 ± 2.0) s and (10.4 ± 3.5) s, respectively; the hepatic arterial fraction (HAF) was ( 24 ± 5) % and ( 37 ± 6)% , respectively; the hepatic arterial perfusion (HAP) was(27 ±6) ml·100 g-1·min-1 and (35 ±5) ml·100 g-1·min-1, respectively; the portal venous perfusion (PVP) was (85 ± 13) ml·100 g-1·min-1 and (61 ±11) ml·100 g-1·min-1, respectively.There was significant difference in all parameters between the two groups except the parameter BV(P ＜ 0.05).③ In PHT group, the PVP and BF were negatively correlated with the portal vein pressure, while positively correlated with MTT and HAF.Portal vein pressure was negatively correlated with PVP, the equation, Y = 36.624 -0.219X, was deduced with linear regression analysis, by which the portal vein pressure in PHT Beagles was ( 23.2 ± 2.4) cm H2O, which was correlated with the observed by laparotomy value (23.1 ± 2.8) cm H2O (r = 0.843, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion CT perfusion is a new non-invasive and effective method for assessment of portal vein pressure.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of XELOX regimen combined with hepatic artery chemoembolization in the treatment of gastric cancer with liver metastasis.Methods 50 cases of gastric cancer with liver metastasis were randomly divided into two groups,the experimental group (25 cases) received chemotherapy regimen of XELOX first:Xeloda tablets 1 000 mg/m2,orally,twice a day,days1-14;Oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2,intravenous drip,day 1.Hepatic artery chemoembolization was performed one a week later,and a cycle consists of 4 weeks.The control group (25 cases) received chemotherapy regimen of XELOX,3 weeks as a cycle.All patients were evaluated for efficacy and toxicity every 2 cycles.Results In the experimental group,the overall response rate was 56％,the tumor control rate was 80％,the increase rate of Karnofsky was 60％,and 10 patients got chance of tumor resection.In the control group,the overall response rate was 32％,the tumor control rate was 52％,the increase rate of Karnofsky was 48％,and 6 patients got chance of operation.The overall response rate,tumor control rate,surgical treatment rate and the increase rate of Karnofsky in the experimental group were significantly different from those in the control group (P ＜0.05).The median total survival time was 12.5 months in the experimental group and 10.5 months in the control group (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in toxicity and side effects between the two groups.Conclusion XELOX regimen combined with hepatic artery chemoembolization is effective and safe in the treatment of gastric cancer with liver metastasis.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is a type of primary liver cancer that accounts for about 10%‍ — ‍15% of the total cases， and its incidence and mortality rates tend to increase significantly around the world， especially in Asian countries. At present， radical liver resection is the only possible cure for ICC， but with a fairly high postoperative recurrence rate and a poorer prognosis than hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore， it is urgently needed to further investigate the mechanisms of the development and progression of ICC and search for more effective treatment methods. Some epidemiological data suggest that chronic hepatitis B virus infection is one of the most important predisposing factors for ICC， yet little is known about its oncogenic effects. This article summarizes the epidemiological evidence that links the two diseases and briefly elaborates on the mechanisms of the development and progression of HBV-associated ICC， so as to help to gain a better understanding of the role of HBV in the development and progression of ICC.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the association between obesity and glaucoma in middle-aged and older people. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. METHODS: Glaucoma was assessed via self-reports. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and a Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the relationship between obesity and glaucoma risk. RESULTS: Older males living in urban areas who were single, smokers, and non-drinkers were found to have a significantly higher incidence of glaucoma (all p<0.05). Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease were also associated with higher glaucoma risk, while dyslipidemia was associated with lower risk (all p<0.05). After the model was adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables, obesity was significantly associated with a 10.2% decrease in glaucoma risk according to the Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.97) and an 11.8% risk reduction in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97). A further subgroup analysis showed that obesity was associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma in people living in rural areas, in smokers, and in those with kidney disease (all p<0.05). Obesity also reduced glaucoma risk in people with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia more than in healthy controls (all p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This cohort study suggests that obesity was associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma, especially in rural residents, smokers, and people with kidney disease. Obesity exerted a stronger protective effect in people with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia than in healthy people.

BACKGROUND:Filamin B(FLNB)can crosslink the actin cytoskeleton into a dynamic structure that is essential for the directional movement of cells.It can regulate the proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis of chondrocytes.However,the effect of FLNB on osteoblast proliferation,migration and apoptosis has not been reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of FLNB on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS:The adenoviral vectors for knockdown of FLNB expression(sh-FLNB1,sh-FLNB2,sh-FLNB3)were constructed and infected with MC3T3-E1 cells.After screened by puromycin drug,the efficiency of FLNB knockdown was detected by western blot and RT-PCR.The MC3T3-E1 cell line with the best efficiency of FLNB knockdown was selected as the stable transient cell line of MC3T3-E1 for subsequent experiments.The cells were divided into blank group,mc3t3 group,sh-NC group(empty vector),and sh-FLNB group(sh-FLNB lentivirus).The blank group was cultured in cell-free α-MEM complete medium;the mc3t3 group was cultured in α-MEM complete medium alone;and the sh-NC and sh-FLNB groups were cultured with α-MEM medium containing 2.5 μg/mL puromycin.After 3 days of culture,cell counting kit-8 assay and cell scratch assay were used to detect the proliferation and migration ability of MC3T3-E1;flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis;and RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that the efficiency of FLNB knockdown was the best in the sh-FLNB3(P<0.000 1),which was used as a stable cell line for subsequent experiments.Cell counting kit-8 data showed that the proliferative ability of MC3T3 cells was significantly weakened after knockdown of FLNB(P<0.05).Cell scratch assay results showed that the migration ability of MC3T3 cells was significantly decreased after knockdown of FLNB.Flow cytometry and RT-PCR results showed that the apoptotic rate of MC3T3-E1 cells increased after knockdown of FLNB,the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax increased significantly,and the expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 decreased significantly(P<0.05).To conclude,knockdown of FLNB can reduce the proliferation ability of MC3T3-E1 cells,decrease the migration ability of the cells,and increase cell apoptosis.