Objective To explore the feasibility of building tissue engineered cartilage by bone marrow stromal cells and pbotografting modified copolymers of 3-hydroxybutymte and 3-hydroxyvalerate.Methods Sheep BMSCs were seeded in three-dimensional photografting modified PHBV scaffoids.Twenty-four hours later.composites were cultured with ehondrogenically inductive medium(DMEM)containing TGF-B(10 ng/m1),IGF-1(150 ng/m1)and 20% fetal bovine serum.Three weeks later,the constructs were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and light microscopy with alcian blue,safrine 0 and type Ⅱ collage immunohistochemical staining.GAG contents of constructs were determined by DMB(1,9-dimethylmethylene blue)binding assay at weekly intervals up to 3 weeks.The composites were implanted subcutaneously in sheep abedoml and were evaluated macroscopically and bistologically at 4 weeks postoperatively.Results SEM photograph showed.after one week culture,cell morphology changed from fibroblast-like elongated spindle to the flat rounded like chondrocytes,and the extra cellular matrix also increased obviousl~.Furthmore,with the culture time extension,this change were more evident.HE staining showed that cells filled all the inter-connected pores in the constructs.And more cells were observed in the outer layer of the constructs.ECM(extraeellular matrix)Was strongly positive by Aleian blue,Safrine O staining and type Ⅱ collage immunohistechemical staining.DMB binding assay revealed that the induced BMSCs GAG secretion(1306.7±192.3)wag significantly higher than BMSCs(205.0±26.2)(P<0.001),but it was significantly lower than passage 2 ehondrocytes(1969.2±235.3)(P<0.001).Saltine O and type Ⅱ collage immunohistochemical staining were positive in constructs implanted subcutaneously.Conclusion Tissue engineered cartilage could be obtained using BMSCs and photografting modified PHBV,but there are still gaps physiologically between the constructs and the nature cartilage.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinic and pathologic data of thymic epithelial tumor (TET) and to explore its prognostic factors. METHODS: From June 1997 to September 2007, 137 patients with TET were surgically treated in our hospital. The data included age, gender, symptoms, histological type, stage and grade, pathological findings, and operation reports. The patients were followed up by telephones and mails. The patients were divided into Masaoka I/II group and III/IV group, and WHO A/AB/B1 group and B2/B3/C group. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and COX regression model were used to analyze the prognostic factors for TET. RESULTS: Among the 137 patients, 124 (90.5%) received complete resection, 9 (6.6%) incomplete resection, and 4 (2.9%) surgical biopsy. The rate of complete resection was significantly higher in Masaoka stages I/II than that in stages III/IV (P<0.001). The overall 5-year and 10-year survival rate was 71.4å and 50.1å, respectively. Patients in stage I/II had better long-term survival than those in stage III/IV (P<0.001). According to WHO histological classification, the 5-year and 10-year survival rate in patients with Type A/AB/B1 TET was significantly higher than that in patients with Type B2/B3/C TET (P<0.001). The 5-year and 10-year survival rate in patients with complete resection was significantly higher than that in patients with incomplete resection and biopsy (P<0.001).Cox regression analysis showed that the prognosis of patients with TET was related to Masaoka stage, WHO histological classification, extent of resection, and age at operation. CONCLUSION Masaoka stage, WHO histological classification, extent of resection, and age at operation are important prognostic factors in patients with TET.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Thymus Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Aim To determine the effective compo-nents of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae for sedative-hypnotic and its mechanism. Methods The extraction of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae and the rat brain homogenates were prepared. High concentrations of Diazepam com-petitively replaced the ligand compounds of Semen Ziz-iphi Spinosae combining BDZ receptor in brain tissue, and all the compounds with sedative and hypnotic effects were collected and identified by HPLC and LC-MS technique, as the compounds extracted from the brain tissue were administered with Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae. The brain tissue was administered with Diaze-pam, and with Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and Diazepam. Results The HPLC chromatograms show that the peak time of BDZ receptor ligand compounds was 2. 71 min and 46. 87min, when compared with Diazepam. And the LC-MS chromatograms display the relative molecu-lar weight of the ligand compounds was 274. 28 m/z, 453. 34 m/z,496. 34 m/z and 608. 38 m/z respective-ly. According to the fingerprint of Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae, these compounds may be fatty acid substances and lupine pill triterpene compounds. Conclusions On the basis of the principle of receptor ligand bind-ing, we established a way to quickly analyze and iden-tify the role of natural products in the same drug target compounds. The method not only can clearly define the effective components of natural products, but also clar-ify the mechanism of action of the compounds. The ac-tive ingredient of calm hypnosis in Semen Ziziphi Spi-nosae may be fatty acid substances Palmitic acid ( C16 H32 O2 ) and lupine pill triterpene compounds Alphitolic acid( C30 H48 O4 ) and Spinosin( C28 H32 O15 ) . They exert their sedative and hypnotic effects by combining with BDZ receptor, and the research has laid a theoretical foundation for the further study about mechanism of Se-men Ziziphi Spinosae.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the clinical application of alternating click evoked electrocochleography (ECochG) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in the diagnosis of auditory neuropathy (AN) subjects. METHOD: ECochGs and ABRs were recorded in 16 patients (32 ears) with AN/AD as AN group and 20 patients (26 ears) with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL) as control group. Test stimuli were alternating polarity clicks. (1) To compare the occurrence rate of ECochGs and ABRs in AN patients. (2) To compare the peak latency of CAPs, absolute amplitude of CAPs, and amplitude ratios of -SP and CAP between AN group and control group. RESULT: ECochGs (--SPs or CAPs) presented in 78.1% (25 among 32 ears) of AN patients. CAPs latency of AN group was shorter than control group (P < 0.05), CAP absolute amplitude of AN group was lower than normal group (P < 0.05), while --SP/CAP was higher than control group (P < 0.01). Deformed ABRs presented in only 5 ears among 32 tested AN ears, while relative good ABR waveforms were evoked in control group. The occurrence rate of ABRs (15.6%) was significantly lower than that of ECochGs in AN patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Both ECochGs and ABRs play important role in the diagnosis of AN. The capacity of temporal processing is significantly impaired while the intensity perception related capability is intact in AN patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Audiometry, Evoked Response ; Auditory Threshold ; Case-Control Studies ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Hearing Loss, Central ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo identify the risk factors of benign cervical anastomotic strictures after esophagectomy.

METHODSClinical data of 946 esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis between 2003 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Benign stricture was defined as dysphagia for which endoscopic dilation of the anastomosis was needed. Histologically proven malignant stricture was not regarded as benign stricture. χ(2) test and logistic regression model were used for univariate and multivariate analysis respectively.

RESULTSA total of 146 patients(16.5%) developed benign stricture during follow-up. Univariate analysis showed that the patients with cardiovascular disease (P=0.001), diabetes mellitus(P=0.041), gastric tube reconstruction(P=0.050), end-to-end anastomosis (P=0.013), or postoperative anastomotic leakage(P=0.008) had higher stricture rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that cardiovascular disease(P=0.004), gastric tube reconstruction (P=0.026), end-to-end anastomosis(P=0.043), and postoperative anastomotic leakage(P=0.001) were independently predictive factors for development of benign stricture.

CONCLUSIONSThe benign cervical stricture rate after esophagetomy with cervical gastric anastomosis is quite high. In order to prevent benign stricture formation, end-to-end anastomosis should be avoid. Blood pressure should be controlled for those with cardiovascular disease. Endoscopic dilation in an earlier stage postoperatively should be considered for those who develop anastomotic leakage.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; adverse effects ; Anastomotic Leak ; Constriction, Pathologic ; etiology ; Deglutition Disorders ; etiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; complications ; surgery ; Esophageal Stenosis ; etiology ; Esophagectomy ; adverse effects ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors