Periostin is a matri-cellular protein which was originally identified in MC3T3-E 1 osteoblast-like cell line,expressing in multiple tissues like bones,teeth,skin and cardiac valves.Periostin is also found in a large variety of cancers and injured tissues,involving in cancer cell invasion and metastasis as well as wound repair.Recent studies have suggested the role of Periostin in osteoblast adhesion and differentiation,fibrillogenesis,mineralization and bone fracture healing,and its expression is regulated by mechanical stress,various transcription factors,hormones and growth factors.In this article,we will discuss the expression,localization and general characteristics of Periostin,and provide a review on the study of it in bone biology.

Objective Our purpose was to investigate the pathogenic gene mutation of a Han Chinese family with vitreous amyloidosis.Methods The 9 individuals(proband,1 affected member and 7 unaffected members) of the family were selected and their DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.The 4 exons of transthyretin(TTR) gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technique.The amplified products of TTR gene were sequencing by Sanger technique.We also selected 100 unrelated healthy individual as the control group.Results By DNA sequencing,a heterozygous mutation was found in 4 of the 9 subjects from the family.The transition of adenine to cytosine(AAG ＞ ACG) was detectable in exon 2 of TTR,which changed the amino acid composition at codon 35 (Lys35Thr).This mutation did not presented in control group.Conclusion The heterozygosis mutation of TTR gene Lys35Thr should be a pathogenic mutation for the family with vitreous amyloidosis.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in cognitive decline caused by sevoflurane anesthesia and the relationship with neurogenesis in aged mice.Methods Forty-five healthy SPF male mice,aged 20-22 months,weighing 25-35 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),sevoflurane anesthesia group (group S) and autophagy agonist rapamycin group (group R).Rapamycin 0.2 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected every day for 7 days in group R,while the equal volume of solvent dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead in S and C groups.In group S and group R,3％ sevoflurane was inhaled for 2 h once a day for 3 consecutive days starting from 5th day of administration,while the mixture of air and oxygen was inhaled instead in group C.Five mice in each group were randomly selected after the last anaesthesia and sacrificed,and the hippocampus was removed for determination of the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ) and Beclin-1 by Western blot.The other mice were sacrificed after Morris water maze test was performed,and hippocampi were isolated for determination of doublecortin (DCX) positive cells in the dentate gyrus by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant was decreased,the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was down-regulated,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio was decreased,and DCX positive cell counts were reduced in S and R groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group S,the escape latency was significantly shortened,the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant was increased,the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 was up-regulated,LC3Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio was increased,and DCX positive cell counts were increased in group R (P＜0.05).Conclusion Autophagy is involved in the process of cognitive decline caused by sevoflurane anesthesia,which is related to inhibiting neurogenesis in the hippocampus of aged mice.

Objective To investigate the difference of curative effects and prognosis between coronary artery bypass grafting with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods 152 patients who were operated using off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and 107 patients who were performed with on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the authors'department during the period from October 2013 to October 2017 were included in the study.The differences of postoperative recovery and major complications between the two groups were analyzed.Results Compared with CABG group,patients in OPCABG group had shorter intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring time,electrocardio-monitoring time,duration of antibiotic treatment,time of drainage tube intubation,mechanical ventilation time,arterial piezometer tube monitoring time and length of hospital stay (P ＜ 0.05).And postoperative draining fluid volume in patients of OPCABG group was also less than that in CABG group (P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,there was no difference between the two groups in postoperative parameters including renal insufficiency,using intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) machine,perioperative myocardial infarction,second operation for hemorrhage,the occurrence of postoperative arrhythmias and cerebrovascular accident (P ＞ 0.05).However,the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection was significantly higher in patients of CABG group than that in OPCABG group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection was significantly decreased in OPCABG group compared with that in CABG group.And the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting was superior to that of patients undergoing onpump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective To investigate the effect of intravenous drip of levocarnitine during perioperative period on serum cytokines and cardiac troponin (cTn) I in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under extracorporeal circulation. Methods The clinical data of 70 patients who had underwent CABG under extracorporeal circulation in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 35 cases were treated with intravenous infusion of levocarnitine (experiment group), and 35 cases were not treated with intravenous infusion of levocarnitine (control group). The serum levels of cTnI, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 1 h before operation and 2, 6, 24, 72 h after aorta open were detected; the postoperative recovery and complication were recorded. Results There were no statistical differences in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and cTnI before operation between 2 groups (P＞0.05); the indexes 2, 6, 24 and 72 h after aorta open were significantly higher than those before operation, and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05). The TNF-α, IL-6 and cTnI 2, 6, 24 and 72 h after aorta open in experiment group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the IL-10 was significantly higher than that in control group; the IL-8 2, 6 and 24 h after aorta open in experiment group were significantly lower than that in control group, and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05). The ICU monitoring time, electrocardio-monitoring time, duration of antibiotic treatment, duration of drainage tube, mechanical ventilation time and length of hospital stay in experiment group were significantly shorter than those in control group: (2.9 ± 0.5) d vs. (3.5 ± 0.8) d, (5.7 ± 1.8) d vs. (7.6 ± 3.2) d, (6.7 ± 1.5) d vs. (9.8 ± 2.2) d, (3.1 ± 0.8) d vs. (3.9 ± 1.4) d, (3.3 ± 2.1) d vs. (5.1 ± 2.3) d and (8.1 ± 2.2) d vs. (12.8 ± 2.6) d, and there were statistical differences (P＜0.01). Moreover, there were no severe perioperative complications such as myocardial infarction and pulmonary infection in 2 groups. Conclusions Intravenous drip of levocarnitine during perioperative period could effectively control postoperative inflammatory response and myocardial injury in patients undergoing CABG under extracorporeal circulation. The effect of levocarnitine may be related to its ability to balance the levels between proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Objective:To investigate the effect of L-carnitine on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation.Methods:The clinical data of 60 patients who had underwent CABG under extracorporeal circulation in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to December 2017 was retrospectively analyzed. L-carnitine was infused into the patients in the observation group while the equal amount of normal saline was given to the patients in the control group during perioperative period. Venous blood was collected from each patient 1 hour before the surgery and at 2, 6, 24 and 72 hours after unclamping the aorta, then serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB isozyme (CK-MB) were detected. Additionally, cardiac function indices including stroke volume (SV), left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDD), cardiac output (CO), Left ventricular ejection fraction (lVEF) were compared between the two group patients before the surgery and 6 days after operation.Results:Compared with before the operation, the levels of serum enzymes were all significantly increased after unclamping the aorta. The levels of serum AST, LDH and CK reached their peak at 24 hours after unclamping the aorta. Notably, the levels of serum AST, LDH and CK in the experimental group were lower than that in the control group at each time point after unclamping the aorta ( P<0.05). For serum CK-MB, the level in the experimental group reached its peak at 6 hours after unclamping the aorta, while the peak value was observed at 24 hours after unclamping the aorta in the control group. The level of CK-MB in the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with the control group at each time point after unclamping the aorta ( P<0.05). Moreover, there were no significant differences in cardiac function indices between the 2 groups before the operation ( P>0.05). The levels of SV, CO and LVEF in the experimental group were significantly increased while the level of LVDD was obviously decreased compared to that in the control group after the operation ( P<0.05). Conclusions:L-carnitine has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing CABG operation under cardiopulmonary bypass, with reducing serum levels of myocardial enzyme in these patients.

Objective:To construct a practical education training quality evaluation system that can monitor the entire training process for the master of public health, and to provide a basis for improving the public health education system.Methods:Based on the survey of the current status of the master of public health, combined with the literature survey, the focus group discussion and the expert forum, an evaluation system was established, and the weight coefficient of each index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). All data were entered by Excel double-person, and matlabR2018a was used to calculate the weight, and determine the maximum characteristic root of the matrix, consistency index and consistency ratio.Results:The evaluation index system consisted of 7 first-level indicators and 24 second-level indicators. The average authority coefficient of 32 experts was 0.791. The top three items with the highest weight in the first-level indicators were mentor guidance (0.213), professional practice (0.157) and scientific research topics (0.149). The weight coefficient consistency ratio ( CR) was 0.040, showing that the consistency test passed ( CR<0.1). Conclusion:The educational quality evaluation system of the master of public health constructed by the institute is scientific, and the weight of the evaluation index reflects the focus of the postgraduate training process of the master of public health, which can provide a reference for improving the quality of public health professionals.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Calcium dibutyryladenosine cyclophosphate on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation. Methods: The clinical data of 62cases were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were performed coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2013 to January 2016. According to the use calcium dibutyryladenosine cyclophosphate, 62 patients were divided into the control group and the experimental group. Thirty-one cases in the experimental group were given an intravenous drip of calcium dibutyryladenosine cyclophosphate, while other 31 cases in the control group were not given to calcium dibutyryladenosine cyclophosphate during perioperative period. Venous blood was collected from each patient 1 h before the surgery and 2, 6, 24 and 72 h after unclamping the aorta, then serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB isozyme (CK-MB) were detected. Additionally, cardiac function indices including SV, LVDD, CO, LVEF in these patients were recorded before the operation and 6 days after operation. Results: Compared with those before the operation, the levels of serum enzymes were all significantly increased after unclamping the aorta. The levels of serum AST, LDH and CK reached their peak 24 h after unclamping the aorta. Notably, the levels of serum AST, LDH and CK in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group at each time point after unclamping the aorta (P < 0.05). For serum CK-MB, the level in both the two groups reached its peak 6 h after unclamping the aorta. The level of CK-MB in the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group 6, 24 and 72 h after unclamping the aorta (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were no significant differences in cardiac function indices between the 2 groups before the operation (P > 0.05). The levels of SV, CO and LVEF in the experimental group were significantly increased while the level of LVDD was obviously decreased compared to that in the control group after the operation, SV: (70.93 ± 9.72) ml vs. (65.07 ± 6.81) ml, CO: (5.32 ± 0.98) L vs. (4.29 ± 0.91) L, LVEF: (57.87 ± 8.92)% vs. (52.68 ± 7.31)% and LVDD: (55.67 ± 4.12) mm vs. (62.85 ± 5.71) mm, and there were statistical differences (P < 0.05). Conclusions Calcium dibutyryladenosine cyclophosphate has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardiac function in patients undergoing CABG operation under CPB, by reducing serum levels of myocardial enzymes in these patients.