Objective? To explore the knowledge demand on disaster nursing of nurses so as to provide the countermeasure and suggestions for improving the knowledge on disaster nursing of nurses. Methods? From August to October 2016, a total of 510 nurses at a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Hangzhou City were investigated with the Disaster Nursing Training Needs Questionnaire for the nurses. The SPSS 21.0 was used to data analysis. A total of 510 questionnaires were sent out and 479 valid questionnaires were collected with 93.92% for the recovery rate. Results? A total of 479 nurses were with the high demand for the professional knowledge and management knowledge of disaster nursing along with 4 and above for the scores of all terms. In the demand of professional knowledge, the highest demand term was the self-protection knowledge (4.70±0.54). Among 9 training modes with multiple choices by 479 nurses, the highest demand for the training mode was theoretical teaching. Among different training modes, 36.7% to 54.9% of nurses selected theoretical teaching. There were statistical differences in the training contents demands among nurses with different departments (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions? Hospitals should strengthen training for the disaster nursing events capability of nurses. Different disaster nursing knowledge and skills should adopt suitable training modes. Nurses with no rescue experience need to attend more effective organizational management training in the disaster.

Objective　To understand the impact of early and timely treatment and initial antiviral treatment regimen on mortality and attrition of antiretroviral therapy. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using download data on antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, from the database of the Basic Information System for AIDS Control and Prevention (BISAC) from 2010 to 2020. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of mortality and attrition. Results A total of 15 713 infected patients were included, including 53.4% aged 18-<50 years, 69.4% male, 61.0% farmer, 75.1% CD4 count <350 cells /μL before initial antiviral treatment, the overall mortality rate was 4.30/100 person-years, and the overall attrition was 2.42/100 person-years. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of mortality were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-<500 cells/μL(AHR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.63-0.81) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR= 0.64, 95%CI: 0.55-0.76); duration from diagnosis to initial antiviral treatment 91-180 days (AHR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.08-1.45), 181-365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.08-1.47), and ≥365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.11-1.44); initial antiviral treatment regimens of D4T+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.32-1.63) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.50-1.99). Factors affecting attrition were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-499 cells/μL (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.16-1.50) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.10-1.50); interval from HIV positivity confirmation to initial dosing ≥365 days (AHR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.40), initial antiviral treatment regimens of TDF+3TC+NVP (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.13-1.55), AZT+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.26-1.62) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.33, 95CI%: 1.06-1.67). Conclusions　Early and timely treatment and the initial antiviral treatment regimen of TDF+3TC+EFV have good efficacy, but attention should be paid to the high risk of attrition of HIV-infected people with high CD4 count before treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To study the incentives of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang province. METHOD: A 1:One matched case control study was used to study the risk factors of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang province, distributing all tested staff by the same gender, age, urban and rural. Logistic regression models were used to analysis the relationship. RESULT: In single Logistic regression models, such habit as high levels of education, frequently consumption of sauerkraut, BBQ food, processed meats, the less physical activity, a relatively short time, smoking, irascible, and other factors would increase the risk of suffering from laryngeal cancer. But regular consumption of fresh vegetables, coarse grains, eggs, milk, and regular physical activity would reduce the risk of suffering from laryngeal cancer. The odds ratios (OR) were calculated using multiple Logistic regression models, ORs for the highest versus the lowest quintile of intake were 15.502 0 for high levels of education. 8.012 0 for smoking frequently. 7. 2680 for eating sauerkraut. 2.904 0 for eating BBQ food. 0.408 0 for exercise in protective factors. CONCLUSION Potential risk factors for laryngeal cancer were eating sauerkraut. BBQ food and smoking frequently, but proper exercise may reduce the risk of laryngeal cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of the transcription factor MYB10, which is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, in different colors of Ribes L. fruitification. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was used to clone the MYB10 genes from Ribes nigrum L. (RnMYB10), Ribes rubrum L. (RrMYB10), and Ribes album L. (RaMYB10), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 were evolutionarily homologous. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that the expression of MYB10 in the fruits of Ribes nigrum L. was higher than that of Ribes rubrum L. and much higher than that of Ribes album L. The expression of RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 increased at first and then decreased as the fruit diameter increased and the fruit color deepened (the maximum expression level was reached at 75% of the fruit color change), while the expression level of RaMYB10 was very low. Overexpression of RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in purple petioles and leaves, whereas overexpression of RaMYB10 resulted in no significant color changes. This indicates that MYB10 gene plays an important role in the coloration of Ribes L. fruit.
Anthocyanins ; Cloning, Molecular ; Fruit ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Ribes/genetics*

Little is known about the molecular mechanism of currant anthocyanin synthesis. We investigated the effect of dfr, a key gene for anthocyanin synthesis in currant, on anthocyanins of different color currant. Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) and white currant (Ribes albrum L.) were used as test materials to determine the anthocyanin content at different stages of fruit development. Three full-length cDNA sequences of dfr gene were cloned by RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends), and named as Rndfr, Rrdfr and Radfr. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Rndfr, Rrdfr and Radfr had high homology in evolution. The determination of anthocyanin content in different stages of fruit development shows that the content of anthocyanin in black currant and red currant was higher and gradually increased with the ripening of the fruit. While the content of anthocyanin in white currant was extremely low, and almost no anthocyanin was detected. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis shows that the expression level of dfr in black currant was higher than red currant and white currant in each period of fruit development. As the diameter of the fruit increased and the color of the peel deepened, the expression level of dfr in the black currant showed an increasing trend. In the red currant, the expression level gradually increased until the period of 75% fruit color, then the Rrdfr decreased rapidly. In white currant, the overall trend showed a downward trend, and its expression level was the lowest. All the results suggest that dfr gene plays a role in the process of fruit color.

Objective: To analyze the change trend of HIV genetic subtypes and compare the first CD₄⁺T cell counts of newly diagnosed HIV infected patients in Liuzhou from 1998 to 2012, and provide a reference for AIDS prevention and control. Methods: Newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients from 1998 to 2012 in Liuzhou were selected through national HIV/ADIS comprehensive response information management system. Their plasma samples were used for RNA gene extraction, amplification, sequencing and genotyping. Coharan-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the ratio trend of genetic subtypes and phylogenetic clusters of HIV and Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was used to compare the first CD₄⁺T cell counts (CD₄) of the different subtype HIV infected patients. Results: A total of 1 877 newly diagnosed HIV infected patients were included in the study. From 1998 to 2012, the proportions of CRF01_AE and CRF01_AE (Cluster 1) increased from 78.4% (76/97) to 91.5% (1 441/1 574), from 63.9% (62/97) to 74.0% (1 164/1 574), and the proportion of CRF07_BC decreased from 17.5% (17/97) to 4.6% (72/1 574), respectively (Z=4.632, P<0.001; Z=2.455, P=0.014; Z=-5.943, P<0.001). The median and interquartile range of the first CD₄ of the patients infected with subtype CRF01_AE (Cluster 1), CRF01_AE (Cluster 2), CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC were 230 (83-375), 215 (48-351), 365 (254-503) and 334 (206-479) cell/μl, respectively. The first CD₄ levels of the patients infected with subtype CRF01_AE (Cluster 1) or CRF01_AE (Cluster 2) were significantly lower than those of CRF07_BC (Z=-4.795, P<0.001; Z=-4.238, P<0.001). Conclusion The genetic subtypes of HIV were mainly CRF01_AE in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients and this subtype proportion was in increase and the first CD₄ levels of the patients were low in Liuzhou during 1998 to 2012.