This paper explored influences of situational teaching competition on improvement of pathology teaching effect.Students were grouped to create situational teaching works under teacher's guidance and finally competition was carried out.Teachers were invited to do the judgment and evaluation on pathology teaching was made through teachers' feedback and students' questionnaire survey.Results showed that during the process of situational teaching centered on students,teaching forms were diversified,teacher evaluation was high and students' responses were active.Application of situational teaching competition made exchanging the roles of teachers and students and teaching in joy,which on the one hand stimulated students' enthusiasm,initiative and creativity and on the other hand improved teaching level of teachers.Satisfactory teaching effects were achieved after using this method.

Aim To observe the effect of gypenosides ( GP) on the expression of receptor for advanced gly-cated endproducts ( RAGE ) and transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) in human mesangial cells( HMCs) induced by AGEs. Methods HMCs were cultured in DMEM of low glucose containing 15% fetal bovine ser-um in vitro, which were divided into four groups: the normal group, model group, GP group and positive control group. In addition to the normal group, the other groups were stimulated by AGEs ( 200 mg · L-1 );furthermore, GP group was intervened with dif-ferent concentrations(25,75,175 mg·L-1) of GP, while control group was given 10 mmol · L-1 of amin-oguanidine hydrochloride. The expression of RAGE and TGF-β1 protein of each group was detected by Western blot; the expression of RAGE and TGF-β1 mRNA of each group was detected by RT-PCR. Re-sults The expression of RAGE, TGF-β1 protein and mRNA in HMCs induced by AGEs in the model group was significantly higher than that of the normal group ( P<0. 01 );compared with the positive control group ( P<0. 01 ) , GP could obviously reduce the expression of RAGE, TGF-β1 protein and mRNA in a dose-de-pendent manner. Conclusion GP can reduce the ex-pression of RAGE in HMCs induced by AGEs, block AGEs-RAGE signaling pathway and decrease the ex-pression of the downstream factor TGF-β1 , therefore, it plays the role in the resistance of rennal fibrosis in DN.

AIM:To investigate the effect of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor ( IGF1R) gene silencing on the growth , migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells .METHODS:The most effective siRNA targeting IGF1R gene was designed and screened .After lentiviral expression vector pLVX-shR-NA2-IGF1R carrying the most effective siRNA sequence was constructed , it was transfected into 293T cells and packed into pLVX-shRNA2-IGF1R lentivirus.Huh7 and Hep3B cells were infected with the pLVX-shRNA2-IGF1R lentivirus to screen the positive clone Huh7 cells and Hep3B cells with the lentivirus .These Huh7 cells and Hep3B cells were cultured to ana-lyze the mRNA level of IGF1R, cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, cell migration/invasion, and the protein levels of IGF1R, Ki-67, p-AKT, p-ERK1, Gli1,β-catenin, cyclin D1, p21 and BCL-XL.RESULTS:The mRNA expression of IGF1R in Huh7 cells and Hep3B cells with pLVX-shRNA2-IGF1R lentivirus was significantly reduced .The proliferation of these cells was remarkably inhibited , and the number in G 1 phase was increased significantly .The percentages of apop-totic cells were increased markedly , and the number of cell migration/invasion was decreased markedly .The protein levels of IGF1R, Ki-67, p-AKT, p-ERK1, Gli1,β-catenin, cyclin D1, p21 and BCL-XL were decreased significantly compared with the blank control group and negative control group .CONCLUSION:The RNAi-mediated IGF1R gene silencing sig-nificantly suppresses the growth and the malignant biological characteristics of Huh 7 cells and Hep3B cells, which may be involved in the reduced protein levels of the above genes induced by down -regulation of IGF1R expression.

AIM To study the inhibitory effect of the cytotoxin (CTX) from guangxi cobra venom on human nasopharyngeal cancer cell (CNE) and other tumons cells. METHODS The cytotoxin was isolated and purified from Guangxi cobra venom by successive chromatography on Sephadex G-50 and CM Sepharose CL-6B columns. Its cytotoxic effects and does-effect relationship on human tumors cell lines were examined by MTT assay. RESULTS The inhibitory effects of CTX CM-5 on CNE, human ovarian carcinoma cell (Ho8990), uterus cervical carcinoma cell (HELA) and lymphoma (YAC) cell lines showed a definite does-effect relationship. The IC 50 (48 h in cubation) was 1.84, 2.59, 1.84 and 0.75 mg?L -1 respctively. The inhibitory effects of CTX CM-5 on CNE increased with time. The IC 50 (3 h and 24 h cubation) was 4.78 and 1.04 mg?L -1 respctively. CONCLUSION CTX from Guangxi cobra venom exhibites strong suppressive effect on cultured tumor cells line in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effects of acupoint massage on labor analgesia efficacy and it's related clinical factors,so to definite the analgesia mechanism and the relationship between the neurotransmitter dopamine and analgesia mechanism.Methods We choosed patients who have been hospitalized in No.1 hospital from March 2009 to September 2009,and divided them into two groups randomly: observation group and control group.Patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture massage when the production process went into the active phase.Control group indicated that childbirth was naturally without any treatment.We observed the analgesic effect of point massage and the impact of pressure on the uterine contractions.We tested the dopamine level in the blood by fluorescent spectrophotometry before and afte the acupoint massage.We explored the effects of the point massage on the dopamine level in the puerpera.Results The observation group′s pain decreased more than that of the control group.The intensity of contractions in observation group was decreased more obvious than that of the the control group.The serum dopamine levels was significantly lower than that pre-massage(P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between Tacrolimus blood concentration and effectiveness after renal transplantation and to find factors affecting Tacrolimus blood concentration METHODS:Steady-state trough concentrations of Tacrolimus were collected from 80 renal transplantation patients RESULTS:The effective blood concentration of Tacrolimus was associated with course of treatment CONCLUSIONS:The therapeutic concentration of Tacrolimus was between 12ng/ml and 15ng/ml during the first 2 weeks after renal transplantation,then should be 8ng/ml～15ng/ml

Objective Using CT three-dimensional image technique to observe the pulmonary vein stenosis of circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) for atrial ifbrillation (AF) on the structure of pulmonary vein before and after radiofrequency ablation. Methods 28 patients with AF who underwent CPVA were followed-up for a mean (6.5±3.9) months.The results of Pulmonary vein morphology study was compared with analysis of preablation, after following up radiofrequency catheter alation (6.5±3.9) months. Pulmonary vein diameters, cross-sectional area and left atrial volume were measured before and after CPVA using 64-slice multidector computed tomography (CT). Results Mild stenosis of pulmonary vein maximum diameter and pulmonary minimum diameter were 61.6%and 56.3%after CPVA. Moderate stenosis of pulmonary vein maximum diameter and pulmonary minimum diameter were 3.6%and 5.4%. All patients does not present symptoms of pulmonary vein stenosis at rest on during excercise during follow up. Conclusions Mild and moderate asymptomatic pulmonary vein stenosis may present in some patients after CPVA.

Objective:To explore the type of cytokine (IL-2 or IL-7) and its most optimal concentration regarding the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) in enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay in Type 1 diabetic (T1DM) patients.Methods:Twenty T1DM patients (Group A) and sixteen healthy controls matched with age and sex (Group B) were enrolled in our study,and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by Ficoll method.GAD65,internal control and Pediacel served as "five-for-one" vaccine were selected as the stimulating antigen.Different concentrations of IL-2 [0 U/mL (Group 1),0.5 U/mL (Group 2),2.5 U/mL (Group 3) and 12.5 U/mL (Group 4)] were added to the culture system.The CD4+ T cells of secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the above groups were determined by ELISPOT.The spots number,net values and stimulating index (SI) were compared in GAD65 (signal) and internal control (background).Next,another 21 T1DM patients (Group C) and 12 healthy controls matched with age and sex (Group D) were enrolled,and the specific T cell response to the GAD65 antigen was detected.The net values and SI were compared between the best optimal concentration of IL-2 (2.5 U/mL,Group 5) and IL-7 (0.5 ng/mL,Group 6).Results:1) After adding IL-2 into the Group A,the amount of GAD65 reactive T cells in different groups increased compared with Group A1,while the background in the internal control also increased gradually with the increased concentration of IL-2.There was no significant difference in net value (signal-noise) in the different concentration between the Group A3 and the Group A4 (P＞0.05).The SI in the Group A3 (2.8),the highest one,was significantly higher than that in the Group B3 (1.3) (P＜0.05).2) Although the number of GAD65 spots in the Group C6 and the Group D6 were slightly higher than that in the Group C5 and the Group D5,respectively,the background in the Group C6 and the Group D6 also increased,without statistical significance (P＞0.05).The mean net value spot and SI in the Group C5 (net value:5.5;SI:2.8) were both significantly higher than those in the Group C6 (net value:4.3;SI:1.8) (bothP9＜0.05).Conclusion:The concentration of 2.5 U/mL for IL-2 is proved to be the best optimal concentration for GAD65 specific T-cell responses in ELISPOT in patients with T1DM.IL-2 is much better than IL-7 in improvement of the SI in the ELISPOT.

Objective To analyze the performance of contrast-enhanced uhrasound(CEUS) in the evaluation of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer in different periods.Methods A prospective study consisting of 46 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma who received NAC and surgery subsequently was conducted.One patient underwent CEUS before NAC,after the second cycle of NAC and before surgery.CEUS outcomes were compared with histopathologic response by Kappa test using the Miller-Payne Grading(MPG) system.The changes of CEUS quantitative parameters in different periods of NAC were compared.Results 31 patients showed a good response by histopathology while 29 patients by CEUS,which showed good consistence.Kappa value was 0.713.The peak intensity (PI) of the lesions decreased significantly after the second cycle of NAC compared with that before NAC (P＜0.05).The peak intensity (PI),wash-in slope (WIS),and area under curve(AUC) of the lesions decreased significantly before surgery compared with those before NAC (P＜0.05).Conclusion CEUS shows good consistence with histopathologic outcomes.The peak intensity (PI) is a sensitive indicator of early changes after NAC.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the better freezing protocol to preserve peripheral blood monuclear cells (PBMCs), islets antigen-specific T cells responses compared with freshly isolated samples in type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients. METHODS: The T cell Workshop Committee of the Immunology of Diabetes Society (IDS-TCW) organized the Freezing Study I and we were one of the 9 centers in the world to participate in the study. According to the two standardized T cell freezing protocols (warm and cold) to freshly isolated PBMCs in terms of recovery, viability, cell subset composition (FACS) and performance in Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays, we chose 5 newly onset T1D patients and 5 age and sex matched healthy controls. Besides the protocols, all the freezing reagents and antigens were also centralized. The antigens used in ELISPOT were labeled blindedly. RESULTS: 1) Although warm frozen-thawed (W) samples had a slightly higher recovery rate (61.2% vs 60.1%, P>0.05) and viability (77.5% vs 74.9%, P>0.05) as compared with the cold frozen ones (C), the difference was not significant. 2) Both protocols led to a relative loss in monocytes as compared with the fresh samples (F) [3.2±1.1% (C) and 3.0±0.9% (W) vs 7.0±1.1% (F), both P<0.05], while other subsets including CD4+T, CD8+T, B cells, NK cells and NKT cells didn't. 3) Freezing and fresh samples showed similar IFN-γ secretion responses to polystimuli in ELISPOT. Irrespective of the freezing protocol, recall antigen Pediacel and islet antigen-reactive responses were both lower in the frozen cells compared with fresh PBMCs. The stimuli index (SI) of GADspecific T cell response in the fresh samples from T1D patients was 5.1, higher than that of frozen samples with either cold protocol (1.3) or warm one (1.4) (both P<0.05). Only fresh samples from T1D showed significantly higher GAD-specific T cell responses than the healthy controls no matter in SI (5.1 vs 0.9, P<0.05) or spot forming cells (8.1 vs 0.1, P<0.05), whereas the frozen samples did not show such difference. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to verify a freezing method to bring comparable islets antigen specific T cell responses in T1D patients to fresh PBMCs.
Adult ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Cryopreservation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; blood ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans ; immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; Male ; T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; Young Adult