his article expounds the concept, theory and mechanism of laughter therapy, introduces the process of laughter therapy, and analyzes and summarizes the effects of laughter therapy on elderly patients in other countries in order to provide a reference for studies on laughter therapy in China and to improve elderly people's physical and mental health as well as their quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo explore the carbon black induced effects of lung morphology and pro-inflammation in mice, based on the carbon black aerosol dynamic inhalation exposure model.

METHODSThe carbon black aerosol generated by dynamic inhalation device was imported exposure chamber to mice. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the characters of carbon black. Sixty 9-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two control groups, 7 d exposure group and 14 d exposure group. The numbers of four groups of animals were 15, respectively. Mice were exposed to carbon black in the inhalation chamber at (29.33 ± 9.10) mg/m(3) for 6 h/d for continuous exposure 7 d and 14 d, respectively. After 7 d and 14 d exposure, the mice were sacrificed after the last exposure for 24 h. Control mice were killed at 7 d and 14 d. The trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen tissues were separated and weighted. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes of lung by light microscopy. Pulmonary interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra structure of lung tissue.

RESULTSAfter 14 d exposure carbon black, the lung coefficient was increased in exposure group compared with control (0.61 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.06, t = 6.26, P < 0.01). The spleen coefficient were higher than control(0.39 ± 0.04 vs 0.51 ± 0.06, t = 4.23, P < 0.01) . Other organ coefficients were no significant difference between CB group and control group.Histopathology displayed carbon black particles were deposited in the alveoli and lung bronchial wall in 7 d and 14 d groups. The black carbon particles were deposited within the lung tissue of mice in 14 d group. There were cilia damage, serious damage to the alveolar wall, inflammatory cell infiltration and more hyperemia in 14 d group. Immunohistochemistry showed the level of IL-8 in 7 d (0.272 ± 0.011) and 14 d (0.422 ± 0.065) exposure group were higher than control group in 14 d (0.188 ± 0.041) , F = 31.89, P < 0.01. TEM showed that the lung tissue vision was clear and organelle integrity in the control group. The particles appeared in lung tissue macrophage lysosomes in exposure group, the electron density was consistent with the carbon black particles.

CONCLUSIONThe dynamic carbon black particles exposure can affect the lung and spleen coefficient, damage integrity of lung morphology and induce inflammation in mice.

Aerosols ; Animals ; Cilia ; Inflammation ; Inhalation Exposure ; Interleukin-8 ; Lung ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; Soot ; Spleen

As a classic prescription for invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, Sijunzi Decoction has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of gastric cancer. It can improve chemotherapy resistance, reduce the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy, promote postoperative recovery, enhance immunity, improve the nutritional status of patients, improve the quality of life of patients and prevent precancerous lesions. Network pharmacology studies have shown that Sijunzi Decoction exerts anti-gastric cancer effects through multiple active ingredients, multiple targets and multiple pathways, and quercetin may be the main active component in Sijunzi Decoction to exert anti-gastric cancer effects. The main mechanisms of Sijunzi Decoction in the treatment of gastric cancer include regulating the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related gene proteins, and inhibiting the proliferation, migration, invasion and gastric cancer stem cell characteristics of gastric cancer cells.

Objective To explore the carbon black induced effects of lung morphology and pro-inflammation in mice, based on the carbon black aerosol dynamic inhalation exposure model.Methods The carbon black aerosol generated by dynamic inhalation device was imported exposure chamber to mice. Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) were used to observe the characters of carbon black.Sixty 9-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two control groups, 7 d exposure group and 14 d exposure group.The numbers of four groups of animals were 15, respectively.Mice were exposed to carbon black in the inhalation chamber at ( 29.33 ±9.10 ) mg/m3 for 6 h/d for continuous exposure 7 d and 14 d, respectively.After 7 d and 14 d exposure, the mice were sacrificed after the last exposure for 24 h.Control mice were killed at 7 d and 14 d.The trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen tissues were separated and weighted.Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes of lung by light microscopy.Pulmonary interleukin-8 ( IL-8) expression
was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra structure of lung tissue.Results After 14 d exposure carbon black, the lung coefficient was increased in exposure group compared with control (0.61 ±0.03 vs 0.79 ±0.06, t =6.26, P <0.01).The spleen coefficient were higher than control ( 0.39 ±0.04 vs 0.51 ±0.06, t =4.23, P <0.01 ) .Other organ coefficients were no significant difference between CB group and control group.Histopathology displayed carbon black particles were deposited in the alveoli and lung bronchial wall in 7 d and 14 d groups.The black carbon particles were deposited within the lung tissue of mice in 14 d group.There were cilia damage, serious damage to the alveolar wall, inflammatory cell infiltration and more hyperemia in 14 d group. Immunohistochemistry showed the level of IL-8 in 7 d(0.272 ±0.011) and 14 d (0.422 ±0.065) exposure group were higher than control group in 14 d(0.188 ±0.041),F=31.89,P<0.01.TEM showed that the lung tissue vision was clear and organelle integrity in the control group.The particles appeared in lung tissue macrophage lysosomes in exposure group, the electron density was consistent with the carbon black particles.Conclusion The dynamic carbon black particles exposure can affect the lung and spleen coefficient, damage integrity of lung morphology and induce inflammation in mice.

Objective To explore the carbon black induced effects of lung morphology and pro-inflammation in mice, based on the carbon black aerosol dynamic inhalation exposure model.Methods The carbon black aerosol generated by dynamic inhalation device was imported exposure chamber to mice. Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) were used to observe the characters of carbon black.Sixty 9-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two control groups, 7 d exposure group and 14 d exposure group.The numbers of four groups of animals were 15, respectively.Mice were exposed to carbon black in the inhalation chamber at ( 29.33 ±9.10 ) mg/m3 for 6 h/d for continuous exposure 7 d and 14 d, respectively.After 7 d and 14 d exposure, the mice were sacrificed after the last exposure for 24 h.Control mice were killed at 7 d and 14 d.The trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen tissues were separated and weighted.Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes of lung by light microscopy.Pulmonary interleukin-8 ( IL-8) expression
was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra structure of lung tissue.Results After 14 d exposure carbon black, the lung coefficient was increased in exposure group compared with control (0.61 ±0.03 vs 0.79 ±0.06, t =6.26, P <0.01).The spleen coefficient were higher than control ( 0.39 ±0.04 vs 0.51 ±0.06, t =4.23, P <0.01 ) .Other organ coefficients were no significant difference between CB group and control group.Histopathology displayed carbon black particles were deposited in the alveoli and lung bronchial wall in 7 d and 14 d groups.The black carbon particles were deposited within the lung tissue of mice in 14 d group.There were cilia damage, serious damage to the alveolar wall, inflammatory cell infiltration and more hyperemia in 14 d group. Immunohistochemistry showed the level of IL-8 in 7 d(0.272 ±0.011) and 14 d (0.422 ±0.065) exposure group were higher than control group in 14 d(0.188 ±0.041),F=31.89,P<0.01.TEM showed that the lung tissue vision was clear and organelle integrity in the control group.The particles appeared in lung tissue macrophage lysosomes in exposure group, the electron density was consistent with the carbon black particles.Conclusion The dynamic carbon black particles exposure can affect the lung and spleen coefficient, damage integrity of lung morphology and induce inflammation in mice.

Animals ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; virology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Histone Deacetylase 6 ; Histone Deacetylases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Infection ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout

The composition of serum is extremely complex,which complicates the discovery of new pharmaco-dynamic biomarkers via serum proteome for disease prediction and diagnosis.Recently,nanoparticles have been reported to efficiently reduce the proportion of high-abundance proteins and enrich low-abundance proteins in serum.Here,we synthesized a silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle and devel-oped a highly efficient and reproducible protein corona(PC)-based proteomic analysis strategy to improve the range of serum proteomic analysis.We identified 1,070 proteins with a median coefficient of variation of 12.56％using PC-based proteomic analysis,which was twice the number of proteins iden-tified by direct digestion.There were also more biological processes enriched with these proteins.We applied this strategy to identify more pharmacodynamic biomarkers on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model treated with methotrexate(MTX).The bioinformatic results indicated that 485 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were found in CIA rats,of which 323 DEPs recovered to near normal levels after treatment with MTX.This strategy can not only help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and drug action through serum proteomics studies,but also provide more pharmacodynamic biomarkers for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment.