In recent years, it is noted clinically that the low level of serum uric acid is closely related to the adverse outcomes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Recent studies have shown that low uric acid levels not only boost the incidence of arrhythmia and cardiovascular events, but also increase mortality. It also has adverse effects on the development and prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases, including intracerebral hemorrhage and stroke. This article reviews research advances in the adverse effects of low uric acid on cardiovascular diseases andcerebrovascular diseases.