To study the resistant mechanism and clinical significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics, the outer membrane permeability rate of 30 P. aeruginosa strains to 5 beta-lactam antibiotics was measured and their production of beta-lactamase and the beta-lactamase genes they carried detected. Furthermore, the relationship between the permeability, beta-lactamase and the clinical effects of beta-lactam antibiotics was observed. By using 14C-penicillin and liquid-scintillant isotope assay, the affinity of penicillin binding proteins (PBPS) was measured and their roles in the resistant mechanism studied. It was revealed that the permeability rate was higher in sensitive strains than in resistant ones (P < 0.05). All strains harbored 1-4 beta-lactamase genes and produced beta-lactamase. Higher permeability rate and higher degree of stability to beta-lactamase indicated better clinical therapeutic effects. The affinity of PBPs changed little without regard to the permeability and beta-lactamase. These results suggested that the permeability of outer membrane and beta-lactamase, but not PBPs, played important roles in the resistant mechanism of P. aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics and affected the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of some patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Permeability ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/*drug effects ; beta-Lactam Resistance/*genetics ; beta-Lactamases/metabolism ; beta-Lactams/*pharmacology

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is one of important coagulant factors. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces thrombosis by stimulating PAI-1 secretion of vascular cells (EC). Using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, was investigated the effects of Chinese medicine ligustrazini on PAI-1 expression in EC and LPS-stimulated EC. The results showed that ligustrazini inhibited both basal and LPS-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in EC. The effect of ligustrazini on LPS-induced PAI-1 secretion worked in a dose-dependent manner. This study provided theoretic and experimental evidence for use of ligustrazini against septic shock and cardiovascular diseases.

By study on the effect of anisodamine on lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of tissue factor (TF) in vascular endothelial cells (EC), the mechanism of anisodamine antithrombosis, as well as in the treatment of bacteraemic shock was investigated. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured by trypsin digestion method. TF activity was measured in the lysates of HUVEC by using a single step clotting assay. Specific mRNA expression was detected by Northern blotting. In order to evaluate a possible contribution of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B pathway on the effects observed, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were performed using nuclear extracts from HUVECs and NF-kappa B-binding oligonucleotides. The results showed that treatment of HUVEC with LPS resulted in a significant increase in TF activity. Anisodamine dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of TF. These effects was also confirmed on the level of specific TF mRNA expression by Northern blotting. Furthermore, EMSA showed that anisodamine completely abolished LPS-induced NF-kappa B DNA binding activity in nuclear extracts from HUVECs treated with LPS together with anisodamine. The results suggest that anisodamine counteracts endothelial cell activation by inhibiting LPS-induced TF expression in these cells. Its interference with the NF-kappa B pathway might--at least in part--contribute to this effect. The ability of anisodamine to counteract LPS effect on endothelial cells might be one underlying mechanism explaining its antithrombosis and efficacy in the treatment of bacteraemic shock.
Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; NF-kappa B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Solanaceous Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Thromboplastin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

Objective To investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide plus thalidomide on immune function of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Methods Fifty-seven MDS patients (Low risk,medium risk and high risk) and 30 healthy volunteers were selected as our subjects.Thirty-four cases with medium risk Ⅱ and high risk MDS patients were randomly divided into A and B groups.Seventeen MDS patients in A group were treated with arsenic trioxide plus thalidomide,and 17 MDS patients in B group were treated with low-dose cytarabine.Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were examined by flow cytometry (FCM).The adverse effect of arsenic trioxide and thalidomide were recorded.Results Compared with control group,the number of T lymphocytes(CD3 +),B lymphocytes (CD3-CD19 +) and NK cell (CD3-(CD16 CD56) +) of patients with MDS were significantly lower,and the differences were statistically significant (t =2.157,2.349,2.958 ; P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The helper CD3 + CD4 + T cell (Th) ratio decreased in MDS patients than that of control group (t =2.412,P ＜ 0.05).The inhibition CD3 + CD8 + T cells (Ts) ratio increased (t =2.749,P ＜ 0.01).Th/Ts ratio inversion was seen in MDS patients.As the progression of MDS increase,Ts cell expression gradually increased and NK cells ratio gradually decreased.However,there was no significant difference among three groups.Th cells and B lymphocytes in the risk group were lower than that in the low risk group,and the difference was statistically significant (F =4.896 and 4.516,P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in the terms of the number of T lymphocytes,Th cell,ratio of Th/Ts and B lymphocytes among MDS groups.Number of T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes and NK cell count in group A after treatment were increased than that before treatment (t =2.435,2.468,2.653,P ＜ 0.05).In group A,2 cases were complete remission,4 cases with partial remission,and 5 cases with hematologic improvement.The total effective rate was 64.71％ (11/17),and curative effect is obviously better than that of B group (x2 =4.253,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile adverse effect was mild.Conclusion The cellular and humoral immune function decreased in MDS patients.The treatment of arsenic trioxide plus thalidomide on MDS is proved safety and efficacy,which might work by improving immune function of MDS patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in patients of hematologic malignancies with aneamia and its relationship of serum erythropoietin levels. Methods Serum EPO (sEPO) level in 80 patients with hematologic malignancies were detected by chemolumimiscence,and treated by recombinant human erythropoietin for patients with Hb<100 g/L. Results The effect on aneamia in tumor patients with remission were significantly higher than that with no-remission. The patients with lower level of sEPO had better respose to treatment by rhEPO than patients with higher level. Conclusion Higher level of sEPO in patients with no-remission hematopoietic tumor, with condition of marrow erythropoiesis aplasia, the effect of rhEPO was poor;, but sEPO level in patients with remission hematopoietic tumor were nearly normal with recovery of marrow erythropoiesis aplasia was effective by use of rhEPO.

To study the resistant mechanism and clinical significance of pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics, the outer membrane permeability rate of 30 P. aeruginosa strains to 5 beta-lactam antibiotics was measured and their production of beta-lactamase and the beta-lactamase genes they carried detected. Furthermore, the relationship between the permeability, beta-lactamase and the clinical effects of beta-lactam antibiotics was observed. By using 14C-penicillin and liquid-scintillant isotope assay, the affinity of penicillin binding proteins (PBPS) was measured and their roles in the resistant mechanism studied. It was revealed that the permeability rate was higher in sensitive strains than in resistant ones (P < 0.05). All strains harbored 1-4 beta-lactamase genes and produced beta-lactamase. Higher permeability rate and higher degree of stability to beta-lactamase indicated better clinical therapeutic effects. The affinity of PBPs changed little without regard to the permeability and beta-lactamase. These results suggested that the permeability of outer membrane and beta-lactamase, but not PBPs, played important roles in the resistant mechanism of P. aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics and affected the clinical therapeutic effectiveness of some patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Permeability ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; beta-Lactam Resistance ; genetics ; beta-Lactamases ; metabolism ; beta-Lactams ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore academic significance and guiding function played by subspecialty groups of the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association on Chinese pediatric clinical practice through a statistical analysis of the articles published by the subspecialty groups.

METHODBibliometric methods were used to analyze the number of articles, article types, total citations, highly cited articles and the distribution of citing journals.

RESULTTotally 7 156 articles were published in Chinese Journal of Pediatrics from 1993 (31) to 2012 (51), of which 187 by subspecialty groups of pediatrics (2.6%), with a total citations of 11 985. Among them, 137 articles were cited with a citation rate of 73.3% and average citations for each article was 64.1. Articles classified as clinical guidelines had been totally cited for 10 900 times with average citations of 123.86 per article. The article on Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy diagnosis and clinical index was cited 1 791 times ranked in highly cited literatures. All the top three cited literature periodicals were core journals of pediatrics, and 10 periodicals among the top 20 were in pediatrics and the rest in other medical fields.

CONCLUSIONThe number of the articles published by the subspecialty groups of pediatrics was increasing year by year though the portion it in the total number of the articles in the journal was not large. However, the citation frequency of the articles by the subspecialty groups of pediatrics was high, making an obvious contribution to the total citations of Chinese Journal of Pediatrics. The total citation rate of clinical guideline articles and their average rate was higher than those of other articles published in this journal, which meant that this type of articles provided academic references with guiding significance for clinical practice of pediatrics and for other medical fields as well.

Bibliometrics ; China ; Pediatrics ; Periodicals as Topic ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Publishing ; statistics & numerical data ; Review Literature as Topic