Objective To understand the prevalence of alcohol dependence in individuals living in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China. Methods From July 2007 to December 2007,21290 subjects aged more than 15 were randomly selected for 6 Prefecture-level cities and 10 counties by stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method. All subjects were investigated by face to face interview. The Chinese version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI3.0) Provided by the Chinese Center for Disease Control And Prevention was used as the screening tool and the diagnoses were made with the 10th edition of international classification of Disease Criteria. Results 18 219 subjects completed the screening,the Completion rate was 85.58‰. The general point prevalence and the general lifetime prevalence of alcohol dependence in individuals living in Guangxi was both 4.50‰. The general lifetime prevalence was higher in rural (6.17‰) than in urban (1.85‰) ( RR =0.31,95% CI =0. 17 ～0.57, P=0. 000) ,higher in men (8.59‰) than in women (0. 33‰) ( RR =0.04,95% CI =0. 01 ～ 0.13, P = 0.000 ) and higher in Zhuang (9.63‰) than in Han(1.95‰) ( RR = 5. 01,95% CI = 3.02 ～8.34, P = 0.000). The lifetime prevalence of alcohol dependence tends upwards as age increasing (P＜0.05 ) and it differs in different marital status,higher in divorce groups (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Schizophrenia, Depression disorder, Alcohol dependence disorder are the most common mental disorders and have become the public health problem in Guangxi. To do this,it is necessary to carry out targeted research in prevention and rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVEWe followed up all the patients underwent pulmonary artery banding (PAB) with or without the second stage double switch (DS) operation to compare the midterm outcomes between the DS and the prolonged palliative PAB.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to June 2012, 40 consecutive patients diagnosed with congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries (cc-TGA) with morphologically involuted left ventricle were included in this retrospective cohort study. Every patient underwent the first stage PAB. The second stage DS was performed in 15 patients (DS group) and the palliative PAB was prolonged in the other 25 patients (PAB group). The median age at PAB was 3.1 years (range, 3 months to 8 years), weight was 11.5 kg (range, 5.0 kg to 21.5 kg). The patients were followed up after surgery.

RESULTSFollow-up time was (3.4 ± 0.7) years. Overall mortality was 33.3% (5/15) in DS group and 4.0% (1/25) in PAB group (P < 0.05). The ratio of NYHAI-II was 80.0% (8/10) in DS group and 95.9% (23/24) in PAB group (P < 0.05) and the mean left ventricle ejection fraction was (51.4 ± 9.6)% in DS group and (61.0 ± 6.4)% in PAB group(P < 0.01) during follow up. There was no PAB related cyanosis or ventricular dysfunction and the trans-banding pressure gradient was (46.9 ± 21.5)mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) in PAB group. Echocardiography examination revealed moderate to large aortic regurgitation in 3 patients and severe post-double switch operative arrhythmias was found in 2 patients in DS group. The age at PAB (HR = 13.30, 95%CI:6.28-14.02, P < 0.05) and left ventricle dysfunction (HR = 4.77, 95%CI:2.71-8.68, P < 0.05) were identified as the risk factors for mortality after DS.

CONCLUSIONCompared to the DS, the prolonged palliative PAB procedure is associated with lower mortality and better cardiac function post operation.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Transposition of Great Vessels ; complications ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; etiology ; surgery

Objective: The incidence and distribution of positional deformities(PD)were studied by measuring cranial types of infants aged 0-6 months of 3 hospitals in Chongqing, and the recommended values of local PD were discussed. Methods: Data of 3 406 infants with 0-6 months head size measurements were collected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, Yongchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Wanzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from September 1, 2017 to August 31, 2018, cranial vault asymmetry(CVA)and cranial index(CI)were calculated.According to different age groups, observe the distribution of cranial types, and use the current international common diagnostic criteria to understand the incidence of cranial abnormalities, and analyze the distribution of percentile values of CVA and CI in infants in Chongqing. Results: According to the current international standard diagnosis of PD, the incidence of simple brachycephaly was the highest(39.9%)in the overall cranial abnormalities of infants, followed by brachycephaly with plagiocephaly was the second(36.1%), simple plagiocephaly was the lowest(6.9%), and normal cranial type only accounted for 17.1%.The detection rates of plagiocephaly(36.9%)and brachycephaly(67.0%)were the lowest in the 0-2 months group, and the highest in the 3-4 months group(47.3%/83.3%), and then decreased in the 5-6 months group(46.6%/80.2%). Conclusion The basic values of cranial type measurement of full-term infants in chongqing were significantly different from international reports, mainly due to the large CI value.The general international diagnosis standard for positional deformities do not conform to Chinese infants.We suggest that the reference value for positional deformities in this region is as follows: CVA≥0.4 cm is abnormal, of which 0.4 cm≤CVA<0.6 cm for mild plagiocephaly, 0.6 cm≤CVA<1.0 cm for moderate plagiocephaly, CVA≥1.0 cm for severe plagiocephaly; 82%≤CI≤91% is abnormal, of which 91%≤CI<94% for mild brachycephaly; 94% ≤CI<99% for moderate brachycephaly; CI≥ 99% for severe brachycephaly.CI≤82% is scaphocephaly.