Objective To investigate the decoction use compliance of the children with the pediatric community acquired pneumonia(CAP) by providing the pharmaceutical care from the clinical pharmacist.Methods 252 patients with CAP were divided into the observation group and control group.The patients of the observation group were provided with pharmaceutical care,including drug use education,drug use guiding,etc,while the patients in the control group were not given any pharmaceutical care from the clinical pharmacist.Results The rate decoction use compliance in the observation group was 78.1％,which was 39.1％ in the control group,the difference between the two groups was significant (x2 =12.56,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Pharmaceutical care can improve the rate decoction use compliance decrease the drug waste.

With the development of phamacogenomic and molecular biology, it has been revealed that the curative effect of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is closely related to tumor molecular markers. Predictive biomarkers in NSCLC patients, including ERCC1, BRCA1, hMLH1, hMSH2, RRM1, β-tubulin, TS,EGFR and K-ras, can predict individual patient's response to chemotherapy or targeted therapy, making individualized therapy be possible.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect and toxicities of platinum-based double regimens for patients aged ≥ 65 with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify the prognosis factors. Methods 70 patients aged ≥65 with staged ⅢA-Ⅳ NSCLC, who received platinum-based double regimens as first line treatment, were emrolled.Response rates and toxicities were evaluated.Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the potential prognosis factors.Results The median chemotherapy cycles was 3.The overall response rate was 41.5 % (22/53), and there was no difference between patients aged ＜70 and ≥70 (χ2 =1.945, P =0.378).The median PFS and OS were 6.0 months and 12.5 months.The chemotherapyrelated hematologic toxicities were common.Multivariate analysis revealed that performance status, numbers of metastasis, chemotherapy cycles were significant independent predictive factors for OS. Conclusion In elderly advanced NSCLC, platinum-based doublets show inspiring efficacy, but with more adverse events, and could not be all well tolerated. It should be personalized. Patients with poor performance status and multiple organs metastasis are hard to benefit from combined chemotherapy.Three to six cycles of chemotherapy is the optimal duration for patients who could be well tolerated.

24.34, the sensitivity and specificity were 95.0% and 75.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The autofluorescence spectrum of dilute gastric juice may become an effective means in the diagnosis and screening of gastric carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanisms of integrin α vβ 3-targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) in combination with anti-programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunotherapy. Methods:Integrin α vβ 3-targeted molecule Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) was conjugated with Evans blue (EB) and then labeled with 177Lu to obtain 177Lu-EB-RGD. The radioactivity and radiochemical purity were determined. MicroSPECT imaging, biodistribution, and in vivo therapeutic efficacy were subsequently performed in MC38 murine colon cancer models. Volume of tumor and body mass of mice were observed to assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety ( n=9 in each group). Flow cytometry was used to evaluate therapy response of saline-treated (control, group A), 18.5 MBq 177Lu-EB-RGD-treated (group B), 10 mg/kg PD-L1 antibody-treated (group C), TRT combined with immunotherapy-treated (group D, 18.5 MBq 177Lu-EB-RGD and 10 mg/kg PD-L1 antibody) mice and alterations in tumor microenvironment (PD-L1 + immune cells, CD8 + T cells and regulatory T cells). Independent-sample t test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results:The radioactivity of 177Lu-EB-RGD was (55.85±14.00) GBq/μmol. SPECT imaging clearly visualized the MC38 tumors in mice models with high uptake and long retention time, the tumor/muscle ratio reached 14.87±0.88 at 24 h postinjection, while less uptake and retention in normal tissues. Tumor uptake of 177Lu-EB-RGD was significantly higher than that of 177Lu-RGD 4 h post-injection ((12.00±1.60) vs (3.69±0.37) %ID/g; t=8.63, P<0.01). The efficacy results between each treatment group was significantly different ( F=7.32, P=0.03) at day 6 post-treatment. The combination therapy showed the most outstanding anti-tumor efficacy with 7/9 mice showed complete response. Flow cytometry results showed that TRT up-regulated the PD-L1 expression significantly, namely, PD-L1 + immune cells in group B and group A were significantly different (CD45 + /PD-L1: 2.34% vs 0.95%, CD11b + /PD-L1: 2.41% vs 0.66%; t values: 11.17 and 8.70, both P<0.01); immunotherapy and combination therapy dramatically stimulated the infiltration of CD8 + T cells (2.07% vs 0.26%, 2.71% vs 0.26%; t values: 4.10 and 6.03, both P<0.05). Conclusion:TRT in combination with immunotherapy synergistically enhance anti-tumor efficacy, which is expected to play a role in the treatment of patients with advanced tumor where TRT can be applied.

Objective: To compare the difference in imaging and clinical effects between gap balance technique and measured resection technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: We recruited 300 patients undertaking TKA from July 2014 to July 2016. TKA were performed by using gap balance technique or measured resection technique randomly. The intraoperative rotation of femoral prosthesis, changes of joint line, osteotomy volume, preoperative and postoperative KSS score, WOMAC score, VAS and ROM were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 292 patients were included in the present study, and 248 patients were successfully followed up for 2 years. The operation duration of the gap balance group was 65.9±14.1 min, which was significantly less than that of the measured osteotomy group 70.5±16.5 min (t=2.36, P=0.02). The rotation angle α of the femoral prosthesis measured on CT scan postoperative in gap balance group was 0.67°±1.71°, which was significantly smaller than that of the measured resection technique group 1.25°±2.53° (t=2.12, P=0.03). The external rotation angle β between the osteotomy plate and femoral posterior condyle line in the gap balance group was 1.25°±1.26°, which was significantly greater than that of the measured resection technique 0.28°±0.19° (t=6.57, P<0.01). The bone cut volume of femoral medial posterior condyle in gap balance group 9.85±1.37 mm showed a statistically difference (t=2.02, P=0.04) compared with that of the measured osteotomy group 9.52±1.19 mm. The KSS score was 83.8±10.2 in the gap balance group after 1 month. It was superior to the measured resection technique group of 80.5±9.4 with statistical significance (t=2.65, P=0.01). The knee ROM was 101.7°±12.7° in the gap balance group at 1 month after surgery, which was better than that in the measured resection technique group 98.2°±11.8° (t=2.25, P=0.03). Conclusion The axis of the femoral prosthesis was more consistent with STEA in the gap balance group of TKA. The gap balance group had better ROM and KSS functional scores at the first month after surgery. However, there was no statistical difference in knee function at the 2-year follow-up between the two groups.

Objective To summarize the experience of perioperative management for repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Method Retrospective review was conducted for the clinical data of CDH patients who received surgical repair on ECMO from December 2016 to June 2018 in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. Result Four fetus with prenatal diagnosis of left-side CDH were transferred to our Center and received standardized perinatal management. Moderate-severe pulmonary hypoplasia was recognized after evaluation by fetal imaging. Four cases were initiated with veno-arterial ECMO at 3, 35, 41, 11 h of life, respectively. Repair of the diaphragmatic defect was performed within two weeks after cannulation of ECMO. Furthermore, activated clotting time goals were adjusted to 180～220 s, activated partial thromboplastin time were stabilized between 50～80 s, platelets count were maintained>100×109/L and hematocrit was kept>30％before the surgery. The surgeries of four patients were completed on the 0.9th, 0.5th, 3.6th, 5.1th day of life on ECMO, respectively. The defect was repaired by parachute patch. The operative time was 85～210 min. According to CDH Staging System defect size (A to D), there were two with defects at grade C and other two at grade D. Postoperative total volume of drainage was 215～1301 ml and ECMO duration was 3.0～39.3 d. Three of them survived during neonatal period, while one died. Conclusion Repair of CDH on ECMO is feasible and help to improve neonatal survival, especially for those with moderate-severe pulmonary hypoplasia.

Objective To summarize the experience of cannulation for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in infants less than 5 kg. Methods Eleven infants with ECMO support who weighed less than 5 kg were admitted to critical care medicine of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from June 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled. Retrospective analysis of support type, configuration, site of cannula and complication of ECMO was performed. Results The 11 infants consisted of 9 males and 2 females. The weight on ECMO of 1.96-4.60 kg, with an average of (3.14±0.65) kg; age 0.1-30.0 days, with a median of 5.6 (1.5, 8.3) days. Four cases were given ECMO because of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with severe pulmonary hypertension and other 7 cases were cannulated due to complication of congenital cardiac surgery. All infants were received veno-arterial (V-A) ECMO. In 4 cases, the cannulas were placed in the right internal jugular vein for drainage (8-10 French catheter with 6.0-7.5 cm depth) and the right carotid artery for infusion (6-8 French catheter with 2.5-3.5 cm depth); the average time of cannulation in right carotid and jugular vessels was (73±20) minutes (range 55-100 minutes). In other 7 cases, the cannulas were inserted into the right atrium (12-14 French catheter with 2.8-3.0 cm depth) for draining blood and returning it to the ascending aorta (6-8 French catheter with 1.0-2.0 cm depth); the average time of cannulation in central vessels was (64±31) minutes (range 35-110 minutes) with exclusion of 2 cases intraoperative cannulation. There were three infants with complications. One episode was shown in vascular rupture, one in catheter site hemorrhage and one in cannula malposition with later repositioning. There was no case of insertion site infection, cannula-related bloodstream infection and accident detached cannula. Conclusion Cannulation for ECMO can be performed in infants less than 5 kg with a high rate of success and a low rate of complication owing to appropriate catheter and skillful cannulation.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of double aortic arch (DAA) combined with aortoesophageal fistula (AEF), and summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on the diagnosis and treatment of a newborn with hemorrhagic shock caused by DAA combined with AEF in the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. The key searching words included "double aortic arch", "aortoesophageal fistula", "vascular ring", "newborn or neonate", and "infant, newborn". The relevant reports were retrieved from databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Springer Link, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and OVID, to summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment experience of neonates with DAA and AEF. The retrieval deadline was December 31, 2020.Results:A full-term female newborn was hospitalized for dyspnea immediately after birth, and failed to evacuate from the ventilator for several times. The patient was fed with nasogastric tube and transferred to our hospital because of hemorrhagic shock occurring in 32 days after birth, and gastrointestinal bleeding occurred repeatedly with the maximum bleeding volume reaching 200 ml/time. DAA was diagnosed by cardiac ultrasound and CT, AEF hemorrhage was finally confirmed by gastroscopy, aortography and operation. DAA correction and esophagus repair were successfully performed, and the infant recovered well after the operation. At 9-month old, the infant grew and developed well. At present, no reports of DAA combined with AEF neonates have yet to be published in medical literatures in China. Seven English language literatures included 7 cases of AEF complicated with DAA in neonatal period, 5 cases survived and 2 cases died have so far been reported. All patients have a long history of gastric tube indwelling.Conclusions:The incidence of DAA combined with AEF is rare in the newborn with respiratory and swallowing difficulties as the first manifestation. The disease symptoms progressed rapidly, and life-threatening digestive tract hemorrhage may occur, which often requires surgical treatment. Prolonged gastric tube retention should be avoided in DAA children to prevent the occurrence of AEF.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and outcomes of giant fetal hepatic hemangioma (GFHH).Methods:In this retrospective study, patients with GFHH from Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre who received conservative management or medical intervention with a minimum of one year's follow-up after birth from August 2012 until March 2020 were enrolled. Prenatal and postnatal data were collected to analyze the pathological (size, location, and lesion type) and clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis of GFHH using independent sample t-test or Chi-square (or Fisher's exact) test. Results:(1) A total of 22 subjects were enrolled, including one preterm infant (4.5%), with an average gestational age of (38.9±1.5) weeks at birth, ranging from 33 +4 to 40 +3 weeks. Among them, 17 were male (77.3%), and five were female (22.7%). The gestational age at the first diagnosis was (35.0±2.8) weeks, ranging from 30 to 40 +1 weeks. Fifteen babies (68.2%) were born vaginally and seven (31.8%) by cesarean section due to fetal distress. Focal type accounted for 21 of the 22 (95.5%) patients, and multifocal type in one patient (4.5%). All the patients received B-ultrasonography on an average of 2.5 times (2-4 times) prenatally, which showed that the diameter of hepatic hemangioma increased with gestational age and reached its maximum at birth [56 mm (42-99 mm)]. Nine fetuses (40.9%) were diagnosed with GFHH with prenatal ultrasonography, and 12 with MRI. Among them, six fetuses were diagnosed with both ultrasonography and MRI. The other cases showed space-occupying lesions. (2) Ten babies received conservative management (conservative group), and 12 received drug therapy (treatment group). There was no significant difference between the two groups in gestational age at diagnosis or birth, birth weight, the maximum diameter of the tumor before birth, and location and classification of the lesions (all P>0.05). The incidence of thrombocytopenia in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the conservative group (7/12 vs 0/10, Fisher's exact test, P=0.014). No abnormality of heart function or pulmonary hypertension was found in the conservative group, while two patients were complicated with pulmonary hypertension in the treatment group. The outcomes between the two groups were similar ( P>0.05). (3) During a median followed-up of 3.3 years (1.2-7.0 years), all patients survived, and none of the children in the conservative group received drug therapy. One of the ten patients in the conservative group had a complete tumor involution at two years old without recurrence, and the other nine had the tumor regressed in size. Besides oral propranolol, three of 12 cases in the treatment group also had dexamethasone at the early stage, two had rapamycin, and two received invasive therapy due to progressive enlargement of lesions at the early stage, with the lesions completely involuted in two cases at 1.7 and 5.5 years of age and regressed in the other ten cases. Conclusions:The diameter of GFHH increases with gestational age. Conservative management conservative is recommended for asymptomatic GFHH cases. For those affected with dyspnea and abdominal distention resulting in repeated vomiting, drugs therapy can be considered regardless of the test results, and invasive therapy is an option when drugs are ineffective. Some fetuses may have unsignificant imaging manifestations. Most children prenatally detected with giant hepatic hemangiomas can survive, and the tumor begins to regress after birth with a good long-term prognosis.