Objective: To establish a bacterial endotoxin detection method for vidarabine monophosphate for injection and conduct methodological validation for harmanizing the quality control standard of this product.
Methods: According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 volume Ⅳ general chapter 1143“Bacterial endotoxin test”, the limit of bacterial endotoxin was determined,interference test and endotoxin testing were performed.
Results: The bacterial endotoxin test were performed on 25 batches of test samples provided by 15 manufacturers according to the experienced experimented limitation which is the amount of endotoxin in 1 mg of adenosine monophosphate should be less than 0.06 EU. All results were found to be in compliance with the specified standards.
Conclusion: The established bacterial endotoxin method can be used for quality control of vidarabine monophosphate for injection.

Objective To investigate the significance of detection of Serum anti‐Helicobacter pylori(HP)and pepsinogen(PG) in patients with reflux esophagitis(RE) .Methods 118 RE patients (RE group) ,60 patients with other other gastropathy (other gas‐tropathy group) and 60 healthy subjects (healthy group) were detected serum HP antibodies ,PG levels ,compared serum PGⅠ ,PGⅡ level ,PGR and HP antibody positive rate between the RE group ,the other gastropathy group and the healthy group ,between the patients at different pathological degrees of the RE group .Results The levels of PG Ⅰ ,PGR and HP antibody positive rate of the RE group were lower than those of the other gastropathy group and the healthy group ,the healthy group was lower than the other gastropathy group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,and compared with the control group ,there was no signifi‐cant difference in serum PG Ⅱ levels (P>0 .05);The serum PGⅠ level ,PGR and HP antibody positive rate of patients in grade A , B of the RE group were lower than those of the patients in grade C ,D (P<0 .05) ,the difference was statistically significant ,and there was no statistical significance in serum PG Ⅱ levels of the patients in grade C ,D (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The serum PGⅠlevel ,PGR and HP antibody positive rate of the patients with RE decrease ,HP infection is a protective mechanism of RE ,the dis‐ease exacerbates with the infection decreases ,detection of serum HP antibody and the level of PG has important clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of RE .

Objective To study the Effect of Liuwei anxiao capsules combined with omeprazole for the gastric electrical parameters and gastrointestinal motility related indexes of patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods 86 patients with functional dyspepsia in our hospital from December 2014 to July 2016 were selected,and all the patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group,43 cases in each group,the control group were treated with omeprazole,the observation group were treated with Liuwei anxiao capsules on the basis of the control group,then the total effective rates of different symptoms,signs,gastric electrical parameters and gastrointestinal motility related indexes before and after the treatment of two groups were compared. Results The total effective rates of observation group with abdominal pain,abdominal distension,early satiety and belching were all higher than those of control group (P<0.05).3,7 and 14 days after treatment,compared with the pre-treatment, the difference of gastric electrical parameters between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05),the ratio of normal slow rhythm rhythm, main electrogastric power and electrogastric frequency in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05),the percentage of bradycardia was lower than that in control group (P<0.05);there were significant differences in the indexes of gastrointestinal motility between the two groups before treatment (P<0.05),the level of MTL before and after meals was higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of SS before and after meals were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Liuwei anxiao capsules combined with omeprazole in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with significant effect,can significantly improve the patient's gastric electrical parameters and gastrointestinal motility related indicators,and improve the clinical symptoms.

Objective To study the early diagnostic value of olfactory function measurement to Alzheimer disease (AD). Method Detected the thresholds of detectability, identification threshold with pictu.re-based odor identification test in 21 AD patients (AD group) and 21 healthy elderly people (control group), and evaluated the relationship with mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Results AD group was impaired on threshglds of detectability [(1.81±0.75) scores], identification threshold [(2.48±0.68) scores]compared with control group [(1.24±0.89) scores and (2.00±0.71) scores, P< 0.05]. The thres holds of detectability and identification threshold were related to MMSE in AD group (r =-0.50,-0.54, P< 0.01). Conclusion The early diagnostic value of olfactory function measurement to AD is very great.

0.05). Estrogen was lower in the patients with AD than in the normal controls and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P

Objective To improve the clinical prognosis of patients by reviewing ten years epidemiology data of acute poisoning inpatients.Methods The epidemiology data of the acute poisoning inpatients from 2006-2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The indexes including age,gender,nationality,geographical distribution,substance of poison,seasons,diagnosis and fee-for-service were collected.Results There were 1 083 patients with acute poisoning in total,624 cases (57.6％) for gas poisoning,213 cases (19.7％) for pesticide poisoning,136 cases (12.6％) for drug poisoning,74 cases (6.8％) for food poisoning and 36 cases for others.The ration of male to female was 0.94:1.The age of 31 to 45 range accounted for the highest proportion.The incidence of poisoning in 2011-2015 was significantly higher than that in 2006-2010 (P ＜0.05).The geographical distribution was also significantly different (P ＜0.05),most of the cases were in Shihezi city,then were Manasi and Sawan counties.Among the 1 083 patients,59％ cases were cured,33.6％ cases were improved after treatment,and the mortality rate was 2.6％.Feefor-service was also significantly increased in the older patients or males,and substance of poisoning dependent.The highest treatment cost was carbon monoxide poisoning,then were pesticide,drugs and food.Conclusions The common causes of poisoning in Shihezi city were carbon monoxide,organophosphorus pesticide,botulism and drugs,more emergency medical service should prevent poisoning and treat these patients.

Objective To analyse the levels of estrogen in women patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD),and the relationship of estrogen level,menarche age,age of menopause,pregnancy times with severity of AD.Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted.The study subjects were given neuropsychological test face to face in questionnaire,including MMSE,ADL,POD,FOM,WISE and HMT depression scale.All the women subjects accepted another questionnaire concerning menarche age,age of menopause and pregnancy times.Radioimmunoassay was used to measure the sex hormone level of all the subjects.Results The level of estrogen in serum was obviously lower in AD group than in the control group(P

Objective To observe the positional relationship of lumbar nerve roots and its main adjacent structures with CT data, and to conduct 3D construction and measurement,so as to provide anatomical basis for percutaneous lumbar diskectomy(PLD).Methods CT serial tomography dataset of 30 healthy adults' lumbosacral portions were imported into Mimics 17.0 software to segment related structures and obtain the layers of different structures.The structures were 3D reconstructed and virtually demonstrated.The lumbar nerve roots and their main surrounding structures were observed and measured.Results The minimum distances between the lumbar nerve roots and the superior articular processes increased gradually from L3 to L4 intervertebral disc layer to L5 to S1 intervertebral disc layer.The 3D model clearly displayed the morphology and spatial relationship of the lumbar nerve roots and their adjacent structures in lumbosacral portion.The lower the lumbar intervertebral discs were,the thicker they were.The distances from the middle point of the back of lumbar intervertebral disc to the end of the superior spinous process of lumbar vertebra increased at first and decreased then,and the distance in L3 to L4 intervertebral disc layer was the farthest.Conclusion The relationship between lumbar nerve roots and superior articular processes,the intervertebral disc thickness variance and the change of the distances from lumbar intervertebral disc to the end of the superior spinous process have been analyzed in this study,and the clinic basis has been laid for percutaneous lumbar diskectomy.

BACKGROUND: Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project(OCSP) is a new type of clinical classification for subdividing cerebral infarction(CI) conducted on the basis of a large-scale of investigation of stroke in the population of Oxfordshire Community, England in 1991. This kind of classification completely bases on the clinical manifestations without the help of diagnostic instruments, which can predict site and size of the lesion and the involved vessels.OBJECTIVE: To acknowledge the clinical classification of CI patients with Bamford's OCSP and its significance in predicting their long-term functional prognosis.DESIGN: Clinical observation, comparison and verified study based on patients.SETTING: Neurological department in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Between January 1st and December 31st 2001, totally 126 patients with cerebrovascular disease were hospitalized in the Neurological Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University,including 82 males and 44 females.METHODS: Totally 126 in-patients with CI were subdivided with Bamford's OCSP classification, and their disablity was assessed with Barthel index (BI)and modified Rankin Scale(mRS) when they were discharged and 3 months and 6 months later.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Classification of patients with CI and their scores of BI and mRS when they were discharged and 3 months and 6months later.RESULTS: Of the 126 patients, 8(6. 3% ) patients were confirmed of total anterior circulation infarction (TACI), 29 (23. 0% ) of part anterior circulation infarction(PACI), 78(61.9% ) of lacunar infarction(LACI), 11(8.7%) of posterior circulation infarction(POCI) . They were followed-up for 6 months, and meanwhile 12 patients died. Of the other 114 cases the prognosis of TACI was the worst, while the prognosis of POCI and LACI was relatively better than that of PACI.CONCLUSION: CI is predominated by LACI. OCSP is effective for predicting long-term functional prognosis of patients with CI. But it is necessary to make multi-center prospective study on a much larger scale of samples of disease.

OBJECTIVETo learn the existence of natural focus of Lyme disease and its distribution.

METHODSA semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed for detection and genotyping of Borrelia burgdorferi on basis of outer surface protein A (OspA) gene. Ticks and mice collected from 6 forest areas in Beijing were detected with above methods. The positive PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The sequences were compared with published sequences for homology. IFA as used to detect IgG antibody on Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme disease spirochete were isolated from H. longicornis were also attempted.

RESULTSB. Burgdorferi sensu lato were detected from 939 ticks and 250 mice specimens collected from above 6 study sites using primer pairs OA(1)/OA(4) and SL/OA(4). Only the specimens collected from Dongling mountain showed positive amplification. One in three adult Ixodes persulcatus with one of 57 nymph Ixodes persulcatus showed positive while 9 of 119 (7.56%) mice specimens showed positive, of which 8 were B. grinii and one B. afzelii. In this study, we attempted to isolate B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains from 160 H. longicornis ticks (20/group) but failed. Serological survey showed a 9.1% (5/55) infection rate with B. burgdorferi sensu lato in the mice of Dongling mountain forest areas.

CONCLUSIONSThe natural focus of Lyme disease including B. garinii and B. afzelii might have existed in Dongling mountain of Mentougou district, Beijing. Ixodes persulcatu and mice may serve as vectors and reservoirs, respectively.

Animals ; Antigens, Surface ; genetics ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; genetics ; Borrelia burgdorferi Group ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Ixodes ; microbiology ; Lipoproteins ; Lyme Disease ; microbiology ; Mice ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods