Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of piperacillin and sulbactam sodium combinations in the treatment of common infections. Methods This was a multi-centre, prospective and open study. All subjects from 57 wards caught common infection like respiratory ( RTI) or urinary diseases ( UTI). The dosages of piperacillin and sulbactam sodium combinations 2. 5 g injection were determined according to indications:for adult, 2. 5 g or 5 g per time, 2 time/day; for severe or obstinate infection, 2.5 g or 5 g per time, 3 time/day. General information, clinical response pre- and posttreatment, infected locus, drug recipe and protocol, prognosis and adverse reaction were recorded. Results Data of 579 cases were collected with 388 males and 191 females. The average age was (66. 8 ± 17. 0) years. There were 500 patients who were suffering with RTI, with 362 cases of pneumonia, 102 of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, and 36 of other infections. There were 50 cases with UTI, with 31 of simple urinary tract infection, and 19 of complex urinary tract infection. In addition, there were 9 cases of combined RTI and UTI, and 20 of other infections including peritonitis. The average duration of antimicrobial for RTI and UTI was (8. 65 ± 3. 78 ) days and (7. 45 ± 3. 46) days respectively with the total efficacy rate was 92. 6% and 98. 0% respectively for RTI and UTI. The incidence of adverse events was only 0.86% (5 cases), including nausea, rash, itching, ALT elevation and suspected drug induced fever in each one. Conclusion Piperacillin and sulbactam sodium compound had high clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of common infections including RTI and UTI.

Objective To assess the factors which affect the activity of isolated islets,and to construct a steady and effective isolation method of rat pancreatic islets.Methods Pancreatic islets were isolated by collagenase method.The glucose-stimulation of insulin secretion(GSIS) in different conditions was performed by batch incubation method and measured by RIA.Results GSIS was improved by BSA;There was a evident decrease of insulin secretion in cultured islets of 7 days,however,no difference was observed between the freshly isolated islets group and the 1～5days cultured islets groups.Compared to the groups of(5.5 mmol/L) and(25 mmol/L) glucose in the culture medium,(11.1 mmol/L) glucose group stimulated higher insulin release.Conclusion BSA,glucose concentration of RPMI1640 medium and the culture period are related to the activity of isolated islets.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and diabetic nephropathy(DN)and their correlation. Methods All of 9237 hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients from January 2004 to June 2009 were collected. The prevalence and clinical of characteristics of DR and DN as well as their relationship were analyzed. Results The total prevalence of DR was 33.0%(3045/9237),and the prevalence of DR in the microalbuminuria, macroproteinuria and macroalbuminuria combined with renal dysfunction patients were 36.3%(588/1618),53.7%(1113/2074)and 70.7%(1206/1706)respectively.The prevalence of DN was 58.4%(5398/9237). Compared with that in the diabetes patients without DR, the levels of microalbumin and total protein in the urine were higher in the patients with moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR), serious NPDR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR), but the endogenous creatinine clearance rate was lower(P＜ 0.05). According to the non-conditional Logistic regression model,the risk factors of DR included diabetes duration,urinary protein,fibrinogen, C-reactive protein and peripheral neuropathy, and the risk factors of DN included diabetes duration, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure,urinary protein,low density lipoprotein and DR. Conclusions DR and DN are the chronic microvascular complications in the type 2 diabetes and have higher prevalence. There are good correlations between DR and DN.

Improving stress tolerance of the microbial producers is of great importance for the process economy and efficiency of bioenergy production. Key genes influencing ethanol tolerance of brewing yeast can be revealed by studies on the molecular mechanisms which can lead to the further metabolic engineering manipulations for the improvement of ethanol tolerance and ethanol productivity. Trahalose shows protective effect on the cell viability of yeast against multiple environmental stress factors, however, further research is needed for the exploration of the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, the promoter region of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene TPS1 was cloned from the self-flocculating yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae flo, and a reporter plasmid based on the expression vector pYES2.0 on which the green fluorescence protein EGFP was directed by the TPS1 promoter was constructed and transformed to industrial yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC4126. Analysis of the EGFP expression of the yeast transformants in presence of 7% and 10% ethanol revealed that the P(TPS1) activity was strongly induced by 7% ethanol, showing specific response to ethanol stress. The results of this study indicate that trehalose biosynthesis in self-flocculating yeast is a protective response against ethanol stress.
Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Glucosyltransferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology

Improvement of stress tolerance to various adverse environmental conditions (such as toxic products, high temperature) of the industrial microorganisms is important for industrial applications. Ethanol produced by yeast fermentation is inhibitory to both yeast cell growth and metabolisms, and consequently is one of the key stress elements of brewer's yeast. Research on the biochemical and molecular mechanism of the tolerance of yeast can provide basis for breeding of yeast strain with improved ethanol tolerance. In recent years, employing global gene transcriptional analysis and functional analysis, new knowledge on the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of yeast ethanol tolerance has been accumulated, and novel genes and biochemical parameters related to ethanol tolerance have been revealed. Based on these studies, the overexpression and/or disruption of the related genes have successfully resulted in the breeding of new yeast strains with improved ethanol tolerance. This paper reviewed the recent research progress on the molecular mechanism of yeast ethanol tolerance, as well as the genetic engineering manipulations to improve yeast ethanol tolerance. The studies reviewed here not only deepened our knowledge on yeast ethanol tolerance, but also provided basis for more efficient bioconversion for bio-energy production.
Drug Tolerance ; genetics ; Ethanol ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Fermentation ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; drug effects ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the growth state and physiological changes of Epimedium wushanense under different light conditions (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%), and investigate its adaptation mechanism to shade environment so that it can provide theoretical basis for cultivation and production.

METHODThe growth index, the content of photosynthetic pigments, proline content, MDA content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and antioxidant enzymy activity of E. wushanense under different shade conditions were measured.

RESULTExcept for length/width, the other form index of E. wushanense changed significantly. The E. wushanense grew well between light intensity 80%-40%, besides, the biomass above the earth was relatively high. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content and carotenoids cotent were enhanced after shaded, the values of chlorophyll a\chlorophyll b increased between light intensity 100% -60% and reduced between light intensity 60% -20%. The proline and MDA content decreased after shading, the soluble sugar and soluble protein content increased respectively between light intensity 100% -60%, 100% -40% and reduced respectively between light intensity 60% -20%, 40% -20%. The SOD activity, CAT activity decreased after shading, and the POD activity, APX activity reduced between light intensity 60% -40%, raised under 20% treatment.

CONCLUSION80% 40% irradiance treatment was favorable to the growth of E. wushanense.

Catalase ; metabolism ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; physiology ; Light ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective:To explore whether working memory span training can expand working memory capacity.Methods:A randomized controlled trial design was adopted and a total of 60 healthy college students were recruited and randomly divided into training group ( n=30, receiving adaptive training of spatial breadth task) and control group ( n=30, receiving non-adaptive training of low difficulty spatial breadth task). The cognitive behavior and event-related potential (ERP) data of all subjects when completing the change awareness task were collected before and after training.The SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. The differences between the training group and the control group before and after training were compared by repeated measurement analysis of variance. Results:Repeated measurement ANOVA showed that there were significant time and group interactions at the levels of cognitive behavior(K score, F=5.352, P=0.025) and ERP (CDA, F=4.644, P=0.037) levels. Further post test found that compared with pre-training (pre-test), the K-score ((0.51±0.93), (1.61±1.07), F=26.81, P<0.001) and CDA ((-1.49±1.07)μV, (-2.03±0.94)μV, F=4.731, P=0.041) of the training group increased significantly after training (post-test), and there was no significant difference in K-score and CDA of the control group before and after training (boh P>0.05). Conclusion:Working memory span task can be used as an effective training paradigm to improve working memory capacity.

Objective:To explore the transfer effect of working memory span task training on n-back task and its accordant brain mechanism.Methods:First, a randomized controlled experiment was carried out in 60 college students.The training group ( n=30) received adaptive training on a working memory span task and the control group ( n=30) received low difficulty repeated practice.The difference on 2-back task between the two groups at posttest and pretest was compared.Next, 60 college students who received adaptive training were divided into high transfer group ( n=30) and low transfer group ( n=30) according to their improvement median on 2-back task.The differences of brain activation across the whole brain between the two groups at posttest and pretest were compared. Results:Compared with before training, the accuracy of the 2-back task in the training group increased significantly after training( F=21.45, P<0.001), in which the training group increased by (0.15±0.18). While the control group increased by (0.03±0.17), and the difference was not significant( F=0.99, P=0.327). Compared with the low transfer group, the activation of the right striatum in the high transfer group increased significantly (corrected P=0.028). There was a significant correlation between the change of striatum activation and the change of 2-back task accuracy ( R2=0.084; F=5.21, P=0.025). Conclusion:The working memory span training effect can be transferred to n-back task, and the striatum plays an important role in this transfer effect.

Objective:To investigate the status of cognitive function in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous thrombolysis, and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From August 2020 to December 2021, convenience sampling was used to select 100 patients with cognitive impairment after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology of Shaoxing People's Hospital as the research object. The patients were followed up three months after intravenous thrombolysis. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale and Self-made Cognitive Motor Training Compliance Scale and Exercise Training Compliance Scale were used to evaluate the cognitive function recovery and training compliance of the patients. Univariate analysis of variance and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive function in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous thrombolysis. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed, 100 valid questionnaires were recovered with the recovery rate of 100%.Results:Three months after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute cerebral infarction, there were 85 patients with good cognitive function and 15 patients with abnormal cognitive function. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that combined with hypertension, combined with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, thrombolysis time, infarct site, compliance with cognitive training and motor training were risk factors for cognitive function of patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous thrombolysis ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Cognitive function of patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous thrombolysis is related to hypertension, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, NIHSS score, thrombolysis time, infarct location, and compliance cognitive with training, motor training. Ultra-early intravenous thrombolysis can protect cognitive function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and control of the above risk factors and carry out early cognitive training and motor training to promote the early recovery of patients.

Objective To observe the value of MRI combined with serum carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)and human epididymis protein 4(HE4)for differential diagnosis of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ epithelial ovarian cancers(EOC).Methods Totally 87 EOC patients were retrospectively enrolled.According to pathology,35 cases of type Ⅰ EOC were taken as type Ⅰ group,while 52 cases of type Ⅱ EOC were taken as type Ⅱ group.Conventional MRI manifestations and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value of lesions,as well as CA125 and HE4 were compared between groups,and their efficacy for differential diagnosis of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ EOC were analyzed.Results Significant differences of conventional MRI manifestations of lesions,including composition,mural nodules,peritoneal diffusion and lymph node metastasis,of ADC value of lesions,also of patients'CA125 and HE4 were found between groups(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of conventional MRI manifestations and ADC value of lesions,patients'CA125 and HE4 for distinguishing typeⅠ and type Ⅱ EOC was 0.694,0.730,0.670 and 0.708,respectively,while of the combination of the above four was 0.865,higher than that of each one alone(Z=3.008,2.138,3.005,2.746,all P＜0.05).Conclusion MRI combined with CA125 and HE4 was helpful for differential diagnosis of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ EOC.