This article probed the significance of college English course in moral education for medical college students and how to cultivate the medical students" ethical moral in English class.In addition,as the English teachers of the medical college,they should learn medical knowledge as well as make excellent models by their own personality for students to establish their professional ethics.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of antiretroviral therapy(ART)or highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)for HIV/ AIDS patients in Duan county,and its side effects and CD4 levels in the whole blood.Methods One hundred and nine HIV/AIDS cases admitted to our department in the past 2 years were observed in terms of weight change,control of opportunistic infections,improvement of survival and quality of life,side effects and CD4 levels in the whole blood in 3 months after the combined ART.Results Of the 109 cases 78 patients had weight loss before the treatment and all of them gained weight after the treatment,the changes of body weight were significantly different before and after the treatment(P

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are important biocatalysts to synthesize a series of valuable esters and lactones. Based on protein sequence alignment and crystal structure analysis, a nonconserved hinge which linked NADPH domain and FAD domain was speculated to play an important role in substrate recognition and catalytic oxidation process. Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO) was selected as a model. Mutants obtained by homologous replacement of the whole hinge almost completely lost its original catalytic activity, demonstrating that the overall hinge structure was of great importance. Some significant sites were identified to greatly affect the catalytic activity and stereoselectivity by alanine scanning mutagenesis, accompanied by enzyme activity assessments and chiral kinetic resolutions. Altering K153 decreased the activity of the enzyme but enhanced the stereoselectivity. Changing L143 site reduced stereoselectivity but had little effect on enzyme activity. Mutation at L144 site dramatically weakened both activity and stereoselectivity. Subsequently, these corresponding sites in phenylacetone monooxygenase were also illustrated to follow a similar rule, revealing a universal importance of these sites in the BVMO family. These results expanded our understanding of the structure-activity relationship of these enzymes and provided more proofs for future directed evolution of BVMOs.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Catalysis ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; NADP ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygenases ; chemistry ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Alignment ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity

Objective The study aimed to explore the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF) in investigating the footcare behavior's level in patients with high risk of diabetic foot.Methods According to Bradley's principle,NAFF was converted into the Chinese version scale,then it was applied to 211 cases of patients with high risk of type 2 diabetic foot,and the reliability and validity of foot care be-havior scores were analyzed.Results In the Chinese version scale,the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.77,test-retest reliability was 0.74.Content validity,ICVI was 0.80 to 1.00,S-CVI/Ave was 0.96,and the adjusted value of kappa was 0.75 to 1.00.Conclusions The questionnaire has been tested to have good reliability and validity.The NAFF possesses certain value in the clinical application and could be suitable for Chinese patients with high risk of type 2 diabetic foot.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of enhanced external counterpulsation (ECP) in the treatment of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).Methods It was a case-control study.83 patients (166 eyes) of NPDR were randomly divided into ECP treatment group (ECP group) and conventional therapy group (drug group) by date of visit odd and even number,each with 42 patients of 84 eyes and 41 patients of 82 eyes respectively.The blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc),low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C),corrected visual acuity,stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and hemodynamic index such as peak systolic velocity (PSV),diastolic velocity (EDV),resistance index (RI) of ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) were not statistically different between these two groups (P＞ 0.05).All patients were regularly educated for lifestyle management and diabetes mellitus.The following parameters were controlled by drugs including blood glucose＜8.0 mmol/L,HbA1c＜7.5 ％,blood pressure ＜140/90 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and LDL-C＜3.1 mmol/L.The ECP group received both ECP and medical treatments.The ECP parameters were gasbag pressure 0.35-0.45 kg/cm2,40 min/each time,1 time/d.35 days of ECP was one course,one course each year for 3 years.The treatment effectiveness was determined at the end of follow-up after 3 years of treatment.The blood glucose,HbA1c,blood pressure,LDL-C,visual acuity,fundus changes and hemodynamic index of OA and CRA before and after treatment were comparatively analyzed.Improved or stable visual acuity and fundus condition was judged as effective treatment.Results At latest follow up,the differences of blood glucose,HbA1c,blood pressure and LDL-C were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Compared to drug group,the PSV and EDV of OA and CRA were increased,but RI of OA and CRA was decreased in ECP group (P＜0.05).The vision effective ratio was 91.67％ and 30.49％ in ECP group and drug group respectively with a significant different (x2 =65.56,P＜0.05).The fundus effective ratio was 92.86％ and 48.78％ in ECP group and drug group respectively with a significant different (x2 =43.38,P＜ 0.05).During follow-up,1 eye (1.19％) progressed to proliferative DR (PDR) in ECP group,while 6 eyes (7.32％) progressed to PDR in drug group.The difference of PDR incidence rate between two groups was significant (x2 =3.87,P＜ 0.05).During the ECP treatment,there were 2 patients with small blisters in the skin of lower limb and cured finally.There were no other treatment-related complications.Conclusion ECP in the treatment for NPDR can improve PSV and EDV,reduce RI of OA and CRA;improve vision and fundus state,reduce the incidence of PDR.

Objective To learn the change of serum thymidine Kinase 1(TK1) level in the treatment process of the early cure nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and its relationship to pathological features .Methods From January 2010 to December 2013 ,35 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were collected into our study ,20 cases of nasopharyngeal inflammation patients were chosen as the control .Serum TK1 level in the 2 groups was compared before and after treatment .Results TK1 in control group had no significant differences before and after treatment (P>0 .05) .Compared with the control group ,serum TK1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group were higher before and after radiotherapy (P<0 .05);after radiotherapy ,serums TK1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group were lower(P<0 .05) .Before and after radiotherapy ,serum TK1 Ⅰ and Ⅱ stage were lower than in Ⅲ and Ⅳ stager(P<0 .05) ,lymph node metastasis group were higher than no lymph node metastasisr (P<0 .05) ,TK1 had higher expression in TNMⅣ than TNM Ⅱ(P<0 .05) ,compared with lymph node metastasis and cervical nerve violated groups ,TK1 expression was higher in none lymph node metastasis and none cervical nerve violated groups (P<0 .05) .Conclusion TK1 can reflect the tumor load and proliferative activity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,which could be as a factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis ,monitoring and prognosis .

Objective To study the renal pathology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats with hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency.Methods The rats were randomly grouped into test group and normal group,and the test group was further randomly divided into model group and L-T4 group.Observation were made when the hypothyroid model was formed after maneuvering for 21 days and the medication had been taken for 56 days.The observed data included the morphogy of the kidney,serum TT3,TT4,TSH,blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (SCr),and VEGF expression.Results (1) After medication for 56 days,compared to normal group,BUN and SCr levels in L-T4 and model groups showed apparently increasing [BUN (5.55 ± 0.50,5.80 ± 0.66 vs 5.00 ± 0.24) mmol/L,P＜0.05 ; SCr (26.83 ± 0.75,27.0 ± 3.41 vs 22.5 ± 2.07) μmol/L,P＜0.05],and L-T4 group showed slightly lowered BUN and SCr levels compared with model group (P＞0.05).(2) By 21 days,in the model group there was moderate mesangial hyperplasia involving focal glomeruli.By 56th day of medication,entire glomeruli showed moderate mesangial hyperplasia with lessened number of dilated capillaries in the model group.However,in the L-T4 treated group,mesangial hyperplasia was much less and capillaries though dilated appeared wholesome,as compared with the model group.(3) By 21th day,the IODA value of VEGF in the model group was higher than that in the normal control (44.64 ± 14.99 vs 29.05 ± 9.14,P＜0.01).After medication for 56 days,there was no significant difference in the IODA value of three groups.Conclusions The characteristics of renal pathology in rats with hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency consist of mesangial hyperplasia and loss of glomerular capillaries.The expression of VEGF is raised early in the course of renal damage,but lowered thereafter.L-T4 can not reverse the sustained kidney damage and impaired renal function.

Objective To explore the preference of emotional memory in different cognitive style of undergraduates.Methods A 2 cognitive style (field independent style / field dependent style) * 3 facial expressions (positive/neutral/negative faces) mixed designs were adopted to compare the reaction time,which in the condition of stimuli presentation time 500 ms in field independent and dependent participants (n =25,respectively).E-Prime program was used to present the stimulus and to record the reaction time and accuracy to stimuli of all subjects.Repeated Measurement ANOVA was used in the research,facial expressions (positive/neutral/negative faces) as the within group factor,and groups (stress/non stress) as between group factor.Both the main effect of each variable and the interaction effect of variables were tested.Results There were a significant difference of response time and accuracy between the field independent and field dependent college students.It was shown by repeated measurement A NOVA that the main effect(F(2,47) =4.321,P＜ 0.05)in facial expressions properties and the interaction effect(F(2.47) =3.299,P＜ 0.05)between groups and facial expressions properties were found.Further analysis showed that the reaction time to detect stimulus of positive((610.71 ± 11.26)ms)and neutral ((606.24 ± 18.27) ms) facial expression was shorter than negative ((653.17 ± 20.91) ms) faces for field independent participants (P＜0.05).Interestingly,for field dependent group,the neutral faces ((675.67 ± 21.01) ms)were faster than others (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Field independent students had significant advantages over field dependent students in emotional memory.

Objective To observe the effect of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) in treatment of diabetic foot.Methods Fifty-four patients were divided into test group and control group randomly.Both two groups were given routine therapy including mediating blood glucose with Insulin,anti-infection and changing dressings,while the test group were givon LMWH 5000IU once datly every 12 hours for 15 days besides the routine treatment.Then the endothelin(ET),thromboxaneB2(TXB2),hemorheology,ankle-brachial index(ABI),ulcer healing,fibrinogen(FIB),prothrombin time(PT) and avtivated parital thromboplastin time(APTT) were observed.Results Compared to that of before treatment,there are ET,TXB2,hemorheology and better ulcer heals after treatment,The improvement in test group patients was superior to that of control group(P0.05) after treatment in two groups.No hemorrhage and other complications occurred.Conclusion LMWH is effective and safe for treatment of diabetic foot.