Objective To compare the cytology diagnostic accuracy of DNA quantitative cytology and thinprep cytology test(TCT) in cervical cancer screening for exploring effective method in cervical cancer screening.Methods TCT and DNA quantitative cytology were carried out in 7 470 women.Women with positive results additionally underwent high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection.Positive cytologic diagnosis included atypical squamous cells(ASC) or above in TCT and DNA index 2.5 or above in DNA quantitative cytology.Results The positive rate was 13.0％ in method of DNA quantitative cytology and 13.7％ in method of TCT in 7 470 cases.Positive rate of the two methods had no significant difference in cervical cancer screening(x2 =1.813,P =0.178).There was significant difference in positive rate of TCT between cases with DNA index≥2.5,＜4.5,heteroploid cells more than 3 or DNA index≥4.5 and cases with DNA index≥2.5,＜4.5,heteroploid cells less than 3.Every grade of TCT abnormality had abnormal DNA index.Abnormality of DNA index had an increasing trend with the severity of TCT.Infection rate of high risk HPVs had significant difference in different grades of DNA index (x2 =62.648,P =0.000).Conclusion Combination of DNA quantitative cytology and TCT is an effective method in cervical cancer screening,which can reduce misdiagnosis,guide cervical biopsy and suggest infection of high risk of HPVs.

Objective To observe the anti-inflammatory effects of rhamnocitrin in Oxytropis falcata Bunge;To provide experimental evidence for searching the anti-inflammatory active component of Oxytropis falcata Bunge. Methods Kunming mice or Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group, naproxen group and rhamnocitrin high-, medium-, low-dose groups, and corresponding medicines were administered by gavage for 7 days. Animal inflammatory models were established respectively by the mice ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene, the mice abdominal capillary permeability induced by acetic acid, the rat paw edema created by injection of albumen and the rat granuloma induced by cotton pellet wool. The effects of rhamnocitrin on acute and chronic inflammatory animal models were observed. Results Different doses of rhamnocitrin groups could reduce the animal ear swelling, abdominal capillary permeability, paw edema and granuloma. Compared with the model group, there were obvious differences in rhamnocitrin groups (P<0.05). High dose rhamnocitrin group and naproxen group showed relatively strong inhibition effects on swelling, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Rhamnocitrin has anti-inflammatory effects and is an important biological component of Oxytropis falcata Bunge.

Objective To analyze the clinical characters of childhood adrenocortical tumors, and to enhance the knowledge of diagnosis of this disease. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical characters,laboratory tests,and imaging findings in 31 cases of childhood adrenocortical tumors was carried out. Results 16 cases of adenoma and 15 cases of carcinoma were included. The average age was (4.49±3.51) years old, and 67.7% of the patients were younger than 5 years old. The ratio of male to female was 1.0: 1.4. 12 patients presented only precocious sexual development, 4 patients presented only Cushing syndrome, 10 patients showed sexual precocity combined with Cushing syndrome, and 5 patients did not have any endocrine abnormalities. Raised testosterone level in 92.3% of these patients was the most common finding in laboratory tests. Only 12.5% of ultrasound images and 20.8% of CT images were consistent with pathologic diagnosis. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of adrenocortical tumors in childhood are precocious sexual development, Cushing's syndrome, or nonfunctional. The common laboratory findings are elevation of sex hormone and disorder of cortisol circadian rhythm. Precocious sexual development and elevation of androgens are more common in childhood adrenocortical tumor than those in adults. Imaging usually cannot give proper diagnosis. Final diagnosis should be established by clinical features, laboratory tests, imaging, and pathologic results.

Objective To explore the relationship between adrenarche and gonadarche.Methods Total 49 idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP)girls,whose serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS)Z scores for chronological age were higher than+2 s at diagnosis.were enrolled.Physical examinations during pubertal stage were repeated at 3-6 months intervals,and serum DHEAS levels were monitored yearly within an average period of 4.08 years.Of them,16 girls were followed up until more than one year after discontinuation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue(GnRHa)treatment.Results Before GnRHa treatment,these49 girls presented a younger average age at attainment of pubic hair stage2(PH2)and pubic hair stage3(PH3)than normal(8.07 years vs 11.16 years,8.82 years vs 12.40 years respectively).During GnRHa treatment,the intervals between PH2 and PH3,PH3 and pubic hair stage4(PH4),breast stage 2(B2),and PH2 were longer than normal(1.69 years vs 0.83 years,1.64 years vs 0.60 years,and3.62 years vs 0.76 years respectively).The intervals between PH2 and PH3,as well as B2 and PH2 during GnRHa treatment were also longer than that before GnRHa treatment(1.69 years/35 0.88 years,3.62 years vs 1.13 years respectively).The serum DHEAS Z scores decreased during GnRHa treatment,and increased significantly after GnRHa cessation.Conclusion Gonadarche after age of 6-year-old may lead to earlier adrenarehe.GnRHa treatment might slow down the progression of adrenarche and suppress the hypothalamuspituitary-gonadal axis.

Forty girls with Turner's syndrome (TS),aged (12.6 ± 1.9) years,were treated with daily subcutaneous injection of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH,1.0 ～ 1.1 IU · kg-1 · w-1) and oral stanozolol (0.02 ～ 0.04 mg · kg-1 · d-1) for 1 ～ 5 years.Growth velocity (GV),height standard deviation score (SDS) by reference of healthy Chinese girls (HtSDSNor) and height SDS by reference of untreated Chinese TS girls (HtSDSTs)were evaluated regularly.Of the forty girls studied,thirteen had discontinued the treatment after a mean duration of (2.9 ± 1.2)years when GV was less than 2 cm/year or when patients were satisfied with the achieved height.Final adult height (FAH) or near-final height,which was defined as the most recent available height after discontinuation of treatment,and the height gained in the thirteen girls were evaluated.Estrogen therapy was started at the age of(16.0 ± 1.1) years.HtSDSNor increased from-4.2 ± 1.0 to-3.4 ± 1.0 in the first year,and-2.8 ± 1.0,-2.4 ± 0.8,-2.5 ± 0.5,-2.3 ±0.3 respectively in the 2nd,3rd,4th,and 5th year.The change in HtSDSTs was similar to HtSDSNor.It was increased from 0.1 ± 0.9 to 1.0 ± 0.9 in the first year,and to 1.5 ± 0.8,1.9 ± 0.6,1.7 ± 0.4,1.7 ± 0.2 in the subsequent 4 years.The predicted adult height (PAH) in 13 girls was (142.8 ± 4.2) cm before treatment.FAH was (151.7 ± 4.1) cm,which was significantly higher than PAH (P＜0.01),and the mean height gain was (8.9 ± 2.8) cm (5.1 ～ 12 cm).FAHSDSNor was increased to-1.6 ± 0.8 from-3.8 ± 0.8.For girls with TS around 9 years of age,combined therapy with rhGH and low dosage of stanazolol may significantly increase growth velocity and improve final adult height.

[Objective] We assessed in a retrospective unicenter study the state of metabolism and gonadal axis of early menarche girls and girls who treated with Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa).[Methods] Thirty-nine early menarche girls and 58 girls who had been treated with GnRHa were enrolled in our study and 19 normal menarche girls were enrolled as control group.Data were collected in height,weight,gonadal hormone,blood glucose,insulin,blood lipid,leptin,adiponectin and the size of uterus and ovary.[Results] Both BMI SDS for chronological age (CA) and for bone age (BA) of early menarche girls were significantly higher than normal menarche girls (P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of insulin resistance in early menarche girls (20.5％) was also significantly higher than normal girls (0％).No significant difference in lipid metabolism and gonadal axis between two groups.In girls treated with GnRHa,BMISDS,insulin,HOMA-IR and the ratio of insulin resistance (20.7％) were all significantly higher than normal group (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,DHEAS,androstenedione and testosterone of GnRHa treated girls were significantly higher than early menache girls,and DHEAS was higher than normal girls.The size of uterus in treated group was larger than the other two groups.[Conclusion] Early menarche and GnRHa treatment may take negative effect to BMI and glucose metabolism.Androgen was higher in GnRHa treated group.Therefore,suggestion was that BMI,insulin,blood glucose and androgen should be monitored in early menarche girls and girls treated with GnRHa.

Objective To compare the different efficacies of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) alone and rhGH combined with low-does stanozolol on growth velocity (GV) of girls with Turner syndrome (TS). Methods 51 girls with TS were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 23) were treated with rhGH alone and group 2 (n = 28) with rhGH combined with low-does stanozolol both for more than six months. The two groups were compared in terms of GV, height standard deviation score for chronologic age (HtSDSCA), HtSDS for bone age (HtSDSBA), HtSDS (ΔHtSDS) and the ratio of ΔBA/ΔCA. Results In the first year, the GV was (6.29 ± 1.44) and (8.13 ± 1.87) cm/a in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. HtSDSCA changed from (-3.51 ± 0.99) to (-3.19 ± 1.09) and (-4.21 ± 1.19) to (-3.43 ± 1.06), and ΔBA/ΔCA was (0.60 ± 0.39) and (0.77 ± 0.56) in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. The GV and ΔHtSDS in Group 2 were significantly better than Group 1 (P < 0.05). The GV was negatively correlated with the age. Conclusion Compared with the therapy with rhGH alone, the one with rhGH combined with low-dose stanazolol is more effective in improving GV without accelerating bone maturation among the girls with Turner syndrome.

Objective To study the effect on body mass index ( BMI ) caused by treatment with Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs ( GnRHa) in girls with central precocious puberty ( CPP) or early and fast puberty ( EFP ) . Methods The BMI in 318 girls ( 227 CPP and 91 EFP ) treated with GnRHa alone was analyzed. Among them 89 were followed up to their final adult height. Results Before GnRHa treatment was started, thegirlswithCPPandEFPhadameanBMIstandarddeviationscore(SDS)forchronologicalage(BMISDSCA)of0.39 ±0.84andforboneage(BMISDSBA)of-0.11±0.69. Attheendoftreatment,themeanBMISDSCAwas0.59±1.01 and BMISDSBA was 0. 24 ± 0. 89, both were significantly higher than those at initiation. The increment in BMISDSBA (0.38±0.50)wasgreaterthanthatinBMISDSCA(0.21±0.56). Moreover,theratioofoverweight(BMI>85%)was significantly elevated. BMISDSCA of 89 girls who were visited at their final adult height was 0. 17 ± 1. 15, which was similar with BMISDS at initiation and in normal population. Conclusion The mean BMISDSCA of CPP and EFP was significantly higher than the general population, while BMISDSBA was significantly lower. During GnRHa treatment, BMISDS tended to be elevated. But it was reversible, for the mean BMISDS was back to normal at final adult height.