Objective To establish an accurate, rapid and practical method for determination of lead in whole blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Methods It can improve the accuracy and precision of the method by digesting blood sample in nitric acid at constant 135℃, adding matrix to standard series, using matrix modifier and changing ashing temperature of the graphite furnace. Results The linear range, detection limit, mean recovery rate and combination coefficient of variation of the method were 0-50 ?g/L, 1.96 ?g/L, 92.2% and 6.5% respectively. Conclusion This method shows some advantages such as low background, little interference, simple, rapid, sensitive, repeatable and accurate.

Treatment with the combination of Chinese herbs and cytotoxic chemotherapies showed a higher survival rate in clinical trials. In this report, the results demonstrated that the tanshinone II A, a key component of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, when it is combined with the cytotoxic drug cisplatin showed synergistic antitumor effects on human prostate cancer PC3 cells and LNCaP cells in vitro. Antiproliferative effects were detected with MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometer. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting. The intracellular concentration of cisplatin was detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The results demonstrated that tanshinone II A significantly enhanced the antiproliferative effects of cisplatin on human prostate cancer PC3 cells and LNCaP cells with the increase of the intracellular concentration of cisplatin. These effects were correlated with cell cycle arrested at S phase and cell apoptosis. The apoptosis might be achieved through death receptor pathway and mitochondrial pathway. Furthermore, the Bcl-2 family members were also involved in this apoptotic process. Collectively, these results indicated that the combination of tanshinone II A and cisplatin had a better treatment effect in vitro not only on androgen-dependent LNCaP cells but also on androgen-independent PC3 cells.

This study is to investigate the antitumor activity of ophiopogonin B (OP-B). MTT assay, flow cytometric analysis, acridine orange staining, Lyso-Tracker Red staining and HeLa-GFP-LC3 transfect cells assay were used to detect the proliferation activity, apoptosis and autophagy of HeLa cells. The results showed that OP-B exerted potent antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells, the cell growth inhibition effect of OP-B was not due to apoptosis and OP-B could induce autophagy of HeLa cells. OP-B also induced the protein expression up-regulation of Beclin-1 and promoted LC3 I transformation LC3 II, which were representative proteins of autophagy. Furthermore, 3-MA, an inhibitor of autophagy, not only inhibited OP-B-mediated autophagy but also almost completely reversed the antiproliferative effect of OP-B, suggesting that the growth inhibition effect of OP-B was autophagy dependent. Western blotting demonstrated that OP-B inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and its' downstream vital protein, such as mTOR and p70S6K. In addition, OP-B also induced the protein expression up-regulation of PTEN, which is a negative regulation protein for Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. However, OP-B did not affect the protein expression of total Akt. Collectively, the antitumor effects of OP-B were autophagy-dependent via repression Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, OP-B is a prospective inhibitor of Akt/mTOR and may be used as an alternative compound to treat cervical carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Angiostatin(AS) can effectively inhibit proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and also inhibit tumor angiogenesis.OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory action of angiostatin, 131I and 131 I labeled angiostatin(131I-AS) on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell ECV304 and on mass and volume of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in mice.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial with human umbilical vein endothelial cell ECV304 and Lewis lung carcinoma tumors growing in C57BL/6 mice as subjects of research.SETTING: A radiological lab and a nuclear medicine department in a military university.MATERIALS: Totally 28 LLC carrying male C57BL/6 mice, weighing(20± 2) g, 5 - 7 weeks old.METHODS: 131I-AS solutions of four concentrations were made: solution A(131I 0. 74 GBq/L, AS 0. 5 mg/L); solution B(131I 0.74 GBq/L, AS 16 mg/L); solution C(131I 1.48 GBq/L, AS 0.5 mg/L); solution D(131I 1.48 GBq/L, AS 16 mg/L). The effect of 131I-AS, AS alone and 131I alone on proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell ECV304 was observed with MTT method. The 28 tumor carrying mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups, in each of which was injected 0.3 mL of 131I AS(131I 11.1 MBq and AS 2.5 mg/kg), AS(2.5 mg/kg), 131I(11.1MBq) and saline respectively for twice with 7 days interval. Then the change in tumor mass and volume was observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The inhibition rate on cell proliferation with MTT method; ② Change in tumor mass and volume.RESULTS: ① The inhibition rate of AS alone(0. 5 -64 mg/L) on ECV304 was (7.3 ± 3.5) % - (41.9 ± 4. 3 )% ( P = 0. 003 vs AS of 0). The inhibition rate of the 4 concentrations of 131I-AS on ECV304 was(23.9±2.8)% ,(58.2±3.9)%, (39. 1 ±4. 1)% and(78.4 ±5.4)%, which were much higher than AS alone or 131I alone( P =0. 000 3) . ② The mean volume of LLC in the four groups were (3 943 ± 236), (5 219 ± 351 ), ( 1 963 ± 126),(7 353 ±350) mm3 respectively. Compared with saline group, the tumor inhibiton rate in the other 3 groups were 46.4% , 29.0% , 73.3% respectively( P =0. 000 1 ).CONCLUSION: 131I-AS inhibits proliferation of endothelial cells in vitro and inhibits LLC growth in vivo and it outdoes AS or 131I alone.

Aim: To study the effects of astragaloside IV on experimental ventricular remodeling in mice and its mechanism from matrix metalloproteinase aspect.Method: Ventricular remodeling in mice was induced by con-secutively subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol for 14 days.Astragaloside IV(40,80 mg/kg)and propranolol(40 mg/kg,positive control)were administered by gavage to mice.Echocardiography was used to observe the left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVIDd),left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVIDs),fractional shortening(FS)and ejection fraction(EF).The myocardial pathological pattern was detected by HE staining.Expressions of matrix metalloproteinases(MMP2,MMP9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases(TIMP1,TIMP2)mRNA in myocardium were detected by RT-PCR.Activities of MMP2 and MMP9 were assayed by zymography.Results:Compared with those of control mice,LVIDd and LVIDs were increased,FS and EF were decreased in the model group.Myocardial injury and fibrosis existed in histop at hological slices of the model group.In addition,the mRNA expressions and activities of MMP2 and MMP9 were increased in the model group.However,there were no markable changes to TIMP1 and TIMP2.Treatment with astragaloside IV reduced LVIDd and LVIDs,increased FS and EF,attenuated myocardial injury,and down-regulated mRNA expressions and activities of MMP2 and MMP9 compared with the model group.Conclusion: Astragaloside IV can greatly improve ventricular remodeling and dysfunction via decreasing MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA expression and activities in cardiac ventricles.

Objective To study on the significance of accompany relatives of children with access to pediatric transplantation ward on clinical treatment and nursing.Methods 37 children undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBST) were collected from January 2007 to April 2010.All cases were divided into the no tending group(7 cases)and the tending group (30 cases).The accompany relatives of the tending group accepted standard training before entering the ward.The compliance with basic nursing,acute side-effect and hemopoiesis rebuild period of marrow during APBST in two groups were compared.Results The compliance with basic nursing of the no tending group was only 28.6％,but was 73.3％ in the tending group.According to Bearman standard,the acute side-effect of the no tending group:1 case of grade Ⅳ,1 case of grade Ⅲ,4 cases of grade Ⅱ,1case of grade Ⅰ; in the tending group:1 case of grade Ⅳ,1 case of grade Ⅲ,6 cases of grade Ⅱ,22 case of grade Ⅰ.The marrow-reconstitution took place in 36 children.The most long time was 41 days in the no tending group,the average time was (28.14+7.98)days.The time took for marrow-reconstitution was 22 days in the tending group,the average time was ( 14.61+2.33)days.Conclusions It is safe and feasible for accompany relatives of children to participate in nursing during transplantation.Relatives accompany is beneficial for psychology adaptability,nursing compliance and success of APBST.

Objective To develop a special stool collector for paraplegic patients with constipation,and to observe the clinical effects. Methods 52 paraplegic patients with constipation were divided into group A(30 cases) and group B(22 cases ).Group A used type one stool collector and goup B chose type two stool collector. The time of dealing with defecation, exposure time, pollution area, the usage of urinal pad, toilet paper, clean water before and after the special toilets were observed between the two groups. Results Each indicator significantly changed after using two types of stool collectors in the two groups of patients and above were significantly decreased. Conclusions The special stool collector for the paraplegic patients with constipation can effectively avoid the soakage of the anal and buttocks skin, reduce the environment pollution of the odor, reduce labor intensity and lower care costs.

Objective To explore the influencing mechanism of Zhengan Xifeng Decoction on blood pressure and gastrointestinal motility in SHR. Methods After 15 WKY and 90 SHR rats were were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Benner Pury group, amlodipine group, Zhengan Xifeng Decoction high, middle, and low dose groups. The normal control group and model group were fed with distilled water daily. Rats in treatment group were administered with corresponding drugs daily. Blood pressure, gastric residual and intestinal propulsive ratio of rats was detected after eight-week intervention. Results Compared with the blank control group, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher than WKY rats of same age (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure of treatment groups were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, gastric residual rate of rats in the model group significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric residual rate in Zhengan Xifeng high dose group increased significantly, and intestinal propulsive ratio significantly increased (P<0.05), without statistical significance in the other treatment groups. Conclusion Zhengan Xifeng Decoction can reduce blood pressure in SHR, and regulate gastrointestinal motility.

Objective To improve the quality of the clinical hematologic examination laboratories in national free preconception health examination project by using randomized blind sample test in the external quality assessment (EQA ) schemes .Methods Blind samples for clinical hematologic examination were prepared as higher ,middle ,lower three levels .Samples were dispensed in u‐nified way which included 4 times conventional EQA and in random way which included 1 time blind sample test .Samples will be tested by Clinical hematologic examination laboratories in national free preconception health examination project .The feedback re‐sults were summarized and analyzed by EQA organizer .Results In 4 times of conventional EQA ,the rates of accepted score of 134 laboratories were 72 .4% ,97 .8% ,97 .0% and 98 .5% respectively .The rates of accepted score in last three times were statistically significant higher than that in the first time(P<0 .05) .However ,the rates of accepted score (84 .3% ) in randomized blind sample test were significant lower than that(97 .0% ) in conventional EQA which was conducted at the same time(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The use of randomized blind sample test may help the EQA organizer to find the problems in laboratories participated EQA and find effective way to improve the quality of the laboratories .

Objective To investigate the application effect of Orem theory in the clinical care of patients with severe burns and its impact on the quality of life of patients. Methods All 60 patients with severe burns in accordance with the way randomly divided into control group(n=30) with the observation group(n=30), respectively, with the use of conventional care nursing model of Orem. Changes, satisfaction with care, quality of life after treatment were com-pared before and after the psychological status of nursing intervention. Results (1)Two nursing intervention psycho-logical status were significantly better than the pre-nursing intervention and nursing intervention group before and after the degree of psychological conditions improve significantly greater than in the control group, and the SAS and SDS scores were statistically significant differences (P<0.05); (2)the control group patient's care satisfaction 70.00%, was significantly lower than 93.33%of the observation group (P<0.05);(3)based on simple burns health Scale (BSHS-A),ob-served in patients after nursing intervention BSHS-A total score and dimension scores of obser vation group were sig-nificantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with usual care model, the theory of Orem for the clinical care of patients with severe burns,the effect is significant,the quality of life of patients is significantly improved,should be widely used in clinical care.