Objective To investigate the effect of propofol anesthesia on the expression of β-secretase 1 (BACE1) and content of anyloid beta protein 1-42 (Aβ1-42) in the neonatal rat hippocampus.Methods Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 12-16 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =30 each):control group (group C),single dose of propofol anesthesia group (group SP),and repeated doses of propofol anesthesia group (group RP).Group C received intraperitoneal normal saline 7.5 ml/kg once a day for 7 consecutive days.Group SP received normal saline 7.5 ml/kg once a day for 6 consecutive days and propofol 75 mg/kg on 7th day.Group RP received propofol 75 mg/kg once a day for 7 consecutive days.Six rats in each group were chosen at 15 min after the end of injection on 7th day and blood samples were taken from the left ventricle for determination of the blood glucose level and for blood gas analysis.Eight animals in each group were sacrificed on 1st,3rd and 7th day after the end of injection on 7th day to determine the expression of BACE1 (using Western blot) and content of Aβ1-42 in the hippocampus (by ELISA).Results Compared with groups C and SP,the expression of BACE1 was up-regulated and the content of Aβ1-42 was significantly increased at each time point in group RP ( P ＜ 0.01 ).There was no significant difference in the expression of BACE1 and content of Aβ1-42 at each time point between groups C and SP ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Repeated doses of propofol up-regulate the expression of BACE1 and increase the content of Aβ1-42 in neonatal rat hippocampus,which may be one of the mechanisms by which propofol leads to long-term cognitive dysfunction.Single dose of propofol does not have the effect.

Based on the performance management theories and methods, the factors affecting clini-cal teachers' teaching motivation were analyzed in domestic university affiliated hospitals. In consideration of the functional position of university affiliated hospitals and the responsibilities of clinical teachers, the Delphi, KPI and other methods were used to identify key index and respective weight of teaching perfor-mance evaluation, therefore the teaching performance evaluation system including teaching load, teaching quality and teaching capacity in three dimensions were constructed. Then this index system was applied to a university affiliated hospital as an example to verify its feasibility, scientificity and effectiveness. Further-more, the evaluation system was embedded to information platform of educational administration manage-ment, and was proved as a useful teaching performance information management tool that provided reference for hospital performance payment distribution, title evaluation and recommendation, and teaching awards evaluation at all levels, etc. Consequently, theoretical and methodological references were provided for improving clinical teachers' teaching enthusiasm.

Objective: To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) among college freshmen of Hangzhou area, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention of NAFLD in universities. Methods: The 1 752 freshmen students from six universities were selected to perform a questionnaire survey, including general information, and dietary survey in the last year, by using a random sampling method. Factor analysis was used to achieve the major dietary patterns. Results: Three dietary patterns were obtained from the analysis, including the animal food, Western fast food, and traditional Chinese patterns. After adjusting for confounding factors, participants in the highest tertile of the animal food and Western fast food pattern had significantly higher BMI (P<0.01). Besides, participants in the highest tertile of the Western fast-food pattern had higher ALT and AST than those in the lowest tertile(P<0.05). Conversely, participants in the highest tertile of the traditional Chinese pattern had lower BMI, ALT and AST than those in the lowest tertile(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that Western pattern might increase the risk of NAFLD (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.09-1.72, P<0.05), whereas the traditional Chinese pattern might decrease the risk of NAFLD (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.38-0.74, P<0.05). Conclusion Different dietary patterns are closely related to NAFLD in college freshmen. Chinese traditional food should be kept their diet, red meat and fried food should be reduced to decrease. the risk of NAFLD.