Objective To investigate the reason of intra-abdominal haemorrhage caused by severe a-cute pancreatitis (SAP) and its nursing experience. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 19 patients with intra-abdominal haemorrhage after SAP surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 1998 to March 2007. Results All other patients received good hemosta-sis effect except one case,who showed no effect with hemostatic drug and local compression,but at last showed effect by transfixion under direct vision. Conclusions Intra-abdominal haemorrhage after SAP surgery has high mortality rate. It should be dealt with in a timely manner with a view to improve the prog-nosis of patients.

Objective We discussed the nursing of patients with superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) through duodenal circular drainage operation. Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis for 42 SMAS patients undergoing duodenal circular drainage operation from. 1959 to 2007. They were given preoperative psychological nursing, correct lying style, postoperative nutritional support and health education instruction. The treatment effect was observed. Results All patients cured and left hospital. The treatment effect was good after one to fifteen years of follow-up visit. Five patients who changed to adopt duodenal circular drainage operation also got good result after nine to ten years of follow-up visit. The incidence of anastomotic ulcer and anastomotic stenosis as well as reflux gastritis was not seen. Conclusion SMAS could be cured earlier through duodenal circular drainage operation and effective nursing.

Objective In order to know the proper prevention and nursing measures for postoperative hemorrhage among patients with tyroid surgery. Methods Analized the medical history of 19 patients with postoperative hemorrhage after thyroid surgery retrospectively. Results The 19 patients with postoperative hemorrhage were all recovery smoothly by careful nursing and proper treatment. Conclusions Uncomplete intraoperative hemostasis, intraoperative breathholding and improper placement of drainage structures are the risk factors for postoperative hemorrhage. Careful postoperative observation and nursing can avoid certain postoperative hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on flap graft survival.Methods Two random skin flaps were elevated on the back of the rabbits with spinal symmetry in fifteen healthy rabbits.We selected randomly one side as PRP side,another side as blank control side.And then the autologous PRP was daubed to the basement of the skin flap in PRP side,while the blank control side was treated with normal saline of the same volume.At 3 d,7 d,and 14 d after the surgical operation,the immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the microvessel density by CD34,and the the flap graft survival rate was tested and the histological changes of the flaps were observed by HE staining.Results The survival rates of skin flap graft were that the PRP side in 3 d (74.4±4.7) ％,while the control side (65.8+6.8)％;the PRP side in 7 d (72.4±7.5)％,while the control side (58.5+7.0)％；the PRP side in 14 d (74.5±5.0)％,while the control side (65.0±5.4) ％.The inflammatory reaction became declining with the extension of time,while density of blood vessels was increasing.In 14 d inflammatory reaction was the lowest and blood vessels' density was the largest.In all the control sides inflammatory response was obvious than that of the PRP side.CD34 positive count in 3 d PRP side microvascular density (MD) was (13.9±2.0)/HP,controlled side (11.1±1.3)/HP;in 7 d PRP MD was (15.7±1.5)/HP,controlled side (12.1±1.2)/HP;in 14 d PRP MD was (19.6±1.2)/HP,controlled side (12.7±0.8)/HP.There were significant differences in the MD at 3 d,7 d,and 14 d (P＜0.05) between PRP side and control side.Conclusions Platelet-rich plasma is able to promote the survival of random rabbit flap.

This paper reviews the occurrence, the influencing factors and the intervention strategies of compassion fatigue in the oncologic nurses at home and abroad. It provides information support for relieving the compassion fatigue of oncologic nurses in order to stabilize the professional group of oncologic nursing, improve the professional satisfaction and ensure the quality of nursing.

Objective To investigate the effects of PM2.5 exposure on the quality of IVF eggs and the quality of embryos. Methods 40 healthy female Kunming mice and 10 male mice were used in this study. 40 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:low dose of PM2.5 group (1.5 mg/kg),middle dose of PM2.5 group (7.5 mg/kg),high dose of PM2.5 group (15 mg/kg) and the control group (to give the same volume of saline),with 10 mice in each group. PM2.5 was administered via tracheal instillation. The number of oocytes ,fertilization rate ,abnormal fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate were determined ,as well as levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ. Results The number of oocytes , fertilization rate and cleavage rate of 2PN were significantly higher in PM2.5 high dose of PM2.5 group than those in PM2.5 group. The rate of high quality embryos and blastocyviast formation were decreased ,but abnormal fertilization rate were decreased (P < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the high-dose of PM2.5 group were significantly higher than those in the middle-dose of PM2.5 group and in the low-dose of PM2.5 group(P < 0.05),while the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the middle dose group was significantly higher than those in the low dose group(P<0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 exposure can decrease the number of oocytes , fertilization rate ,2PN cleavage rate ,2PN blastocyst rate and blastocyst formation rate of in vitro fertilization in mice.

OBJECTIVETo develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and cost-effective single-0tube multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, which could be used for molecular screening and prenatal diagnosis, for detection of three commonest deletional alpha-thalassemias (-- (SEA), -alpha (3.7) and -alpha (4.2)) in Chinese population.

METHODSFour groups of primers were designed on the basis of gap-PCR, and the PCR reaction condition was optimized systematically with the purpose of amplifying effectively specific DNA fragments that are indicative of the respective genotypes of these three deletional alpha thalassemias. In addition, a pair of primers was designed to amplify LIS1 3' untranslated region (UTR) fragment for use as a separate control for amplification running. A total of 72 blood and prenatal archival DNA samples with various known alpha thalassemia genes or normal alpha globin gene sequence that had been confirmed by Southern blotting analysis or DNA sequencing were collected to test the specificity of this assay by blind analysis. In addition, DNA samples from nine couples at high risk of alpha thalassemia were also analyzed to evaluate the reliability of this technique in prenatal implementation.

RESULTSHomozygote, heterozygote and double heterozygote of the three commonest deletional alpha thalassemias were well detected simultaneously by this established method. For normal allele, a 2.4 kb amplified band as a systematic control and an alpha (2) gene-specific amplicon of 1.8 kb were produced. Besides the two amplified fragments of normal allele, it was found that a 1.3 kb, a 2.0 kb or a 1.6 kb amplified band could be simultaneously shown for representing --(SEA), -alpha (3.7) and -alpha (4.2) alleles, respectively, in the heterozygous states. In a blind test, this technique accurately detected 100% of the DNA samples previously characterized by Southern blotting or DNA sequencing, and it was successfully applied to prenatal diagnosis of alpha thalassemia in nine at-risk families.

CONCLUSIONThe single-tube multiplex PCR protocol presented in this study is easy-to-handle, rapid, reliable and is cost-effective for detecting --(SEA), -alpha (3.7) and -alpha (4.2) chromosomes, and it is suitable for large-scale population screening and for rapid molecular genotyping in clinics.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; alpha-Thalassemia ; diagnosis ; ethnology ; genetics

Objective: To explore the differences among three methods of nucleic acid extraction and three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument. Methods: Twenty-five respiratory virus nucleic acid and 25 enterovirus nucleic acid positive samples were with selected at random and nucleic acids were extracted by using three methods (method A, B, and C). The results among different methods were analyzed by randomized block design. 25 respiratory viral nucleic acid positive specimens and enterovirus nucleic acid positive samples were detected by using three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument (instrument A, B, and C). The results among different instruments were analyzed by randomized block design. Results: There was a significant difference among three methods of nucleic acid extraction in results(χ²=42.9162, P<0.001), in which method A and C had not significant difference(Z=0.837, P=0.3816>0.05), while method A vs. B, B vs. C were significantly different(Z=7.025, P<0.001; Z=7.9, P<0.001). There was also a significant difference among three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument in results(χ²=23.773, P<0.001), in which instrument B and C had no significant difference(Z=0.75, P=0.4533>0.05), while instrument A vs. B, A vs. C were significantly different(Z=5.70, P<0.001; Z=6.45, P<0.001). Conclusions There is difference among different methods and instruments in the test results under the same condition, which call for options in practical work according to need.