MicroRNA(miR)-203 is a stemness-inhibiting miRNA that adjusts the epithelioid cell differentiation by restricting the expression of stemness-related transcription factor.Its abnormal expression has been detected in several types of human cancers,including bladder cancer,breast cancer,colon cancer and pancreatic cancer.miR-203 plays a critical role in the tumor genesis and development by regulating cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the forensic applicability of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-?B p65) to the diagnosis of early myocardial ischemia in cases of sudden cardiac death. Methods The cases were divided into three groups: the cases with early myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction and cases used as control. Immunostaining of NF-?B p65 was performed by SP method in cardiac tissues. The intensity of NF-?B p65 was observed under light microscope and analyzed semi-5quantitatively. Results NF-?B p65-positivecardiac cells were detected in cytoplasm and nuclei in the cases with early myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, and the intensity of immunoreactivity was approximately the same. No positive immunostaining was found in the control cardiac tissues. Conclusion The results suggest that the early myocardial ischemia may have revealed as the same changes as myocardial infarction at molecular level, indicating that NF-?B p65 may be used as a marker for postmortem diagnosis of the early acute myocardial ischemia by immunohistochemical technique.

This thesis gave the theorical origins of syndrome differentiation of CHD based on damp-pathogen by LU Zhi-zheng.Six factors includ invading by damp-pathogen,internal impairment by seven emotions,improper diet and imbalance between work and rest,different constitutions,Zang-Fu organs uncoordination,incorrect treatment,etc.are the chief factors result in damp-pathogen.The relationship between damp-pathogen and phlegm,damp-pathogen and blood stasis is analysed.Four pathogenesis that cause CHD by damp-pathogen are summarized.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of clinical and radiographic features in fungal pathogen identification in immunocompromised patients with pulmonary invasive fungal infection (IFI).Methods All consecutive immunocompromised adult patients with pulmonary IFI in respiratory intensive care unit (ICU)in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were recruited during a 2 year period.All patients met the 2008 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and Mycoses Study Group (EORTC /MSG) criteria were studied for proved or probable IFI responding to antifungal agents.The data of demographic,clinical and radiographic features,as well as serological test results of the patients were collected.Differences in the clinical and radiographic features of pulmonary IFIs caused by yeasts and molds were compared by χ2 test.A logistic regression model was used to perform discriminant analysis,and the effect of discrimination was assessed for accuracy.Results The study included 143 patients with a probable diagnosis of IFI who had the following risk factors:diabetes mellitus (43.4%),chronic lung disease (32.2%),broad-spectrum antibiotics administration (≥14 days;35.7%),malignancy (23.1%),corticosteroid therapy (≥14 days;23.1%),chronic renal failure and renal replacement therapy (16.1%),and immunological disease (10.5%).Frequent broad-spectrum antibiotics administration was associated with yeast infection (P <0.05 ),while mold infection was associated with chronic lung disease (P <0.05 ) .Yeast was more often isolated from patients with concurrent bacterial infection and on mechanical ventilation (P <0.05 ) . Thoracic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)showed the following images:bronchial pneumonia/pulmonary consolidation (53.1%),massive shadowing (29.4%),small nodules (24.5%),large nodules (18.9%),pleural effusion (18.9%),halo sign (14%),and cavity (9.8%).Imaging showed that mold was more common than yeast in patients with pleural and pericardial effusions (P <0.05).Logistic regression modeling showed that broad-spectrum antibiotics administration,prolonged mechanical ventilation,and pleural and pericardial effusions were statistically significant in fungal identification (P <0.05 ),with a predictive accuracy of 77.6%.Conclusions For immunocompromised patients with pulmonary IFI,most of the risk factors ,the main clinical and chest HRCT features did not help to predict the type of fungal pathogen,and yeast but not cryptococcus may be accompanied or colonized.

Objective To investigate the supplementary roles of MRI in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities in twin fetuses.Methods MRI manifestations of 22 twins were retrospectively analyzed after abnormalities were found by prenatal ultrasonography (US) from Sep 2005 to Dec 2012.Two rapid scanning sequences were used in the study,fast-imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) and fast inversion recovery motion insensitive (FIRM).MRI findings were compared with those of prenatal US,induced labour or postpartum diagnosis.Results A total of 22 twins were reported with 23 abnormal fetuses in 20 twins and 2 normal twins.MRI confirmed central nervous system abnormalities in 3 abnormal fetuses which were anencephalus,meningoencephalocele and enlargement of lateral ventricles respectively.The case of meningoencephalocele was showed brain tissue protruding from the occipital defect on MRI,which was misdiagnosed as a cystic lymphagioma by US.The MRI diagnosis of anencephalus and enlarged lateral ventricles were accordant with US.MRI made the definite diagnosis in 5 chest abnormalities,which were left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in 5 abnormal fetuses.They were diagnosed as possible CDH by US.Abdominal abnormalities (n=7,8 abnormal fetuses) included two fetuses in one twin with expanded digestive tract,one fetus with expanded colon and rectus and five fetuses with omphalocele.MRI diagnosis was compatible with US diagnosis in the 7 cases.Twins micromelia were found in one case with 2 abnormal fetuses.Conjoined twins in chest and abdomen were found in another case,which manifested as two hearts,one shared liver and independent urinary tracts and gastrointestinal tracts on MRI.One fetus in twin was dead (n=1,1 abnormal fetus).MRI showed small size and skin edema of the dead fetus.One acephalus acardius of twins (n=2,2 abnormal fetuses) was proved.Normal MRI manifestations were indicated in 2 cases which were suspected by US for abnormal digestive tract and cryptorachischisis respectively.Conclusions MRI,an important supplementary method of prenatal US diagnosis,shows valuable advantages including multi-plane manifestations,more extensive visual field and good soft tissue contrast.It is especially helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple pregnancy.

Objective:To develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for semi-quantification of major allergen parvalbumin in fish.Methods:The soluble proteins were prepared from both white and dark muscles of seven species of freshwater fish and five species of marine fish.Tricine-SDS-PAGE and Western blot were performed to examine the protein patterns of fish muscle extracts.Natural parvalbumin being used to make calibration curve was purified from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthy molitrix) by ammonium sulphate fractionation,followed by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography.The molecular mass of purified protein was estimated by Tricine-SDS-PAGE and identified by Western blot with anti-frog parvalbumin monoclonal antibody PARV-19.ELISA using PARV-19 was carried out to evaluate parvalbumin contents in white and dark muscles.Results:Tricine-SDS-PAGE revealed species-specific differences in proteins of heated extracts.Western blot confirmed that the major bands were showed in Tricine-SDS-PAGE with the molecular masses of 10-14 kD corresponded to parvalbumins recognized by PARV-19 and various numbers of isoforms of parvalbumin existed in different species of fish.There might be some differences in the parvalbumin contents and the epitope region was recognized by PARV-19 based on the differences in relative intensities of protein immunodetection.The ELISA showed that the contents of parvalbumin were 4 to 33 folds higher in the white muscle than in the dark muscle and varied greatly in different species of fish.Conclusion:These results validate that the dark muscle might be less allergenic than the white muscle due to the lower content of parvalbumins,and it is suggested that the commercial anti-parvalbumin antibody PARV-19 can be used to detect parvalbumins from the commercially important species of fish tested in this study and the method we develope succeeds to detect the major allergen in various species of fish.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically investigate the management mode of non-medical prescribing in Britain and its enlightenment to the establishment and implementation of non-medical prescribing in China. METHODS:By retrieving domestic and foreign literatures,non-medical prescribing in Britain was introduced systematically in terms of development history,types, core elements,implementation status and effect;the suggestions were put forward for the development of non-medical prescribing in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Britain implemented non-medical prescribing since 1994. After years of practice and a series of legislation and revision,independent prescribers (including nurses and pharmacists) have owned the statutory right to prescribe any medicine for patients by 2012. In Britain,non-medical prescribing is divided into independent prescribing which mainly exists in community pharmacies and is limited to specific diseases,supplementary prescribing which exists in hospitals or clinic and needs to be signed with doctors. The management institutions are mainly composed of one state administrative department (British Department of Health) and three professional associations (British Nursing and Midwifery Council,The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain,The Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland). There are detailed and strict stipulations on the qualification and corresponding responsibilities of the prescribing authority. The British government has provided legal protection for the development of the non-medical prescribing model,and the number of non-medical prescribers is increasing. The implementation of this model has increased the patients'access to medical services. Drawing lessons from the development of non-medical prescribing management in Britain,our country needs to improve legislation,provide legislative protection for the implementation of non-medical prescribing,expand the scope of practice of nurses and pharmacists,establish and improve the training program of non-medical prescribing professionals to promote the development of non-medical prescribing model in China.

Several antigen epitopes were designed according to the sequences of Swine influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) genes and lined with the interval. The gene was amplified by PCR and sub cloned into pET30a (+) vector. The fusion protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) by induced with IPTG and purified by affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of the protein was about 20 kD in SDS-PAGE. Immunological activity of the fusion protein was analyzed by Western blot. The results showed that the fusion protein could interact with anti-His antibody and the rabbit antiserum against SIV. The immunized mouse can produced antibodies against the target peptide and HI antibody against SIV H1N1 or H3N2. This study provides a new vaccine candidate for SIV.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Antigens, Viral ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Base Sequence ; Epitopes ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hemagglutinins ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunization ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; genetics ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To compare and analyze the accuracy and safety of robot-assisted and conventional freehand open approach in pedicle screw fixation using meta-analysis.Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,China Biology Medicine,Wanfang and CNKI databases were searched by computer retrieval to identify the relevant literatures published before December1,2016.The qualified literatures were selected according to the preestablished the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,and processed for data extraction and quality evaluation.The RevMan 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis.The relative risk (RR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were adopted to represent the effect differences in the dichotomous variable data.The effect difference of continuous variable data was represented by mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD).When P＜0.05 and 95％ CI does not contain the value of 1,the difference was considered statistically significant.Results A total of 266 patients were enrolled,including 138 cases of robot-assisted group and 128 cases of conventional freehand open group,in which 1 200 screws were implanted,including 608 screws by robot-assisted system and 592 screws by conventional freehand open approach.The Gertzbein-Robbins grading criteria (grade A to C) were used.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the accuracy of pedicle screw fixation between the robotic-assisted and conventional freehand open approach according to the grading criteria,i.e.grades A (RR =1.07,95％CI:0.82,1.39,I2=46％,P=0.62),grades B (RR=l.56,95％CI:0.86,2.82,I2=0％,P=0.14) and grades C (RR=0.91,95％CI:0.32,2.55,I2=0％,P=0.85).For the two groups,the difference was no statistically significance in the complication rate (RR=0.33,95％CI:0.05,2.17,I2=0％,P=0.25),and in the revision rate (RR=0.53,95％CI:0.10,2.90,I2=0％,P=0.47).The difference was statistically significance in the overall surgical time (MD=20.90,95％CI:5.54,36.26,I2=15％,P=0.008),and in the exposure time (MD=-1.19,95％CI:-1.63,-0.75,I2=15％,P＜0.000 01).The difference was no statistically significance in the distance between screws and facet joint surfaces (SMD=-1.15,95％CI:0.79,1.51,I2=16％,P＜0.000 01).Conclusions Compared with the conventional freehand open approach,the current evidence cannot confirm that the robot-assisted system has significant advantages in the surgical accuracy of pedicle screw fixation and complication rate.The spinal surgical robot-assisted system,as a new technology,has considerable potential for further development and application in spinal surgery.

Objective:To explore the value of MRI signs in assessing the presence or absence of hernia sacs in fetuses with congenital diaphragm hernia.Methods:MRI images of 57 patients with congenital diaphragm hernia confirmed by postpartum surgery were analyzed from November 2016 to December 2020 in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, with a gestational age of 20－40 (28±5) weeks. In postpartum surgery, 18 cases were found with hernia sacs (hernia sac group) and 39 cases without hernia sacs (hernia-free group). Seven MRI signs were analyzed, including hernia peripheral enveloping sensation, smooth lung-hernia interface, crescent-shaped lung compression, residual lung tissue on the affected side, heart displacement, effusion above the lung-hernia interface and effusion below the lung-hernia interface. The differences in MRI signs between the hernia sac and hernia-free groups were compared using the χ 2 test or Fisher′s exact probability method. The diagnostic efficacy of each sign was calculated. The MRI signs with statistical differences between the two groups were included in the predictive integration model, and 1 point was scored for each sign, the imaging score of each fetus was calculated, and the efficacy of imaging points in diagnosing the presence or absence of hernia sacs was assessed by the subject manipulation receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Results:There were statistically significant differences in 5 MRI signs between the hernia sac and the hernia-free groups, namely hernia peripheral enveloping sensation (χ2=25.74, P<0.001), smooth lung-hernia interface (χ2=48.20, P<0.001), crescent-shaped lung compression (χ2=57.00, P<0.001), residual lung tissue on the affected side (χ2=12.14, P<0.001) and effusion above the lung-hernia interface (χ2=4.31, P=0.022). Among them, the sign of crescent-shaped lung compression had the highest diagnostic efficacy, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy all were 100%. Five statistically significant MRI signs were included in the predictive integration model, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.999, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 94.9%, and the optimal threshold was 2 points. Conclusion:Fetal MRI signs and predictive integration model can effectively identify the presence or absence of hernia sacs in fetuses with congenital diaphragm hernia, which has certain clinical significance.