Child ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Nephritis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Purpura ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To study the clinical application of proportional assisted ventilation (PAV) in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure.Method From March 2011 to October 2013,a retrospective study was conducted on newborns receiving ventilation therapy for respiratory failure.The newborns were assigned into PAV group and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) group.Arterial blood pH 、partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)、partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygenation index (OI) were compared at the time before ventilation and 2 h,6 h,12 h,24 h after ventilation.The frequency of sedative usage and average time of ventilation between the two groups were compared.Result A total of 30 cases were enrolled in the PAV group and the SIMV group respectively.Before ventilation,no statically significant differences existed on blood pH[(7.13 ± 0.12)、(7.14 ±0.11)],PaO2[(41.1 ±8.9),(40.8±8.8) mmHg],PaCO2[(76.4±12.6),(73.2±13.5) mmHg]and OI between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).2 h after ventilation,the blood pH [(7.25 ± 0.17)、(7.23 ± 0.15)],PaO2 [(51.0 ± 5.6)、(48.6 ± 5.3) mmHg] and OI were significantly improved,while PaCO2 [(66.3 ± 8.7)、(64.0 ± 7.5) mmHg] decreased.Comparing with data before ventilation,those parameters were statistically improved at each time point after ventilation (P ＜ 0.01).But no statistically differences existed between the two groups at the same time (P ＞ 0.05).Sedatives were used (2.3 ± 1.2)times/case in PAV group and (3.9 ± 2.2) in SIMV group,with statistically differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Average duration of ventilation were (5.1 ± 1.9) d in PAV group and (5.4 ± 2.1) d in SIMV group,with no statistically differences between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion PAV is very effective in treating the neonatal respiratory failure and worth spreading.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 dia-betes (T2DM), and the clinical evidence for the early diagnosis and treatment thereof. Methods A total of 217 T2DM pa-tients were divided into T2DM with MCI group (n=92) and T2DM with normal cognitive function(NMCI) group (n=125). Mon-treal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA) and activities of daily living scale (ADL) were used to assess the functional status in two groups of patients. The general clinical data and biochemical indicators were obtained and compared in two groups. Re-sults There were statistical differences in age, smoking history, education status, high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), coronary heart disease, hypertension, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and T2DM history between two groups. Re-sults of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that old age, longer course of T2DM, smoking history, higher hs-CRP and HbA1c, complicated with coronary heart disease and hypertension were risk factors for T2DM with MCI, while the higher education status was a protective factor. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that old age and longer T 2DM history were risk factors, and the higher education was a beneficial factor for T2DM with MCI. Conclusion Many risk factors may play a part in T2DM with MCI. Early detection and prompting medical attention may help prevent and decrease the preva-lence of MCI in patients with T2DM.

Objective To gain experimental data about breeding Musca domestica larvae by pig manure and to evaluate the effects and cost-benefit of feeding hens with larvae instead of fish powder. Methods The concentration of fatty acids and trace elements in the larvae bred with man-made fodder or pig manure were measured. The quality of eggs produced by hens fed with the larva powder or fresh larvae was investigated. Results The contents of trace elements (Ca,Fe,Cu,Zn,Se) of the larvae bred with pig manure were higher than those with man-made fodder(P0.05). Conclusion Breeding Musca domestica larvae with pig manure could produce good larva protein and reduce the expenses. The quality of the egg produced by the hens fed with larvae is as good as the quality of common eggs.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and its relation to serum total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver.Methods Serum levels of TC,TG, TSH,TT_3 and TT_4 were determined in 1 602 subjects which were divided into groups by sex and age (20-39,40- 59 and≥60 years).Fatty liver was diagnosed by type B ultrasonography.Restults ( 1 ) Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 6.6% in this population.(2) The mean levels of serum TC and TG in subclinical hypothyroidism group and normal group showed no significant difference ( both P＞0.05 ).(3) On the whole,the prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism in hypercholesterolemia group and normal cholesterolemia group showed significant difference (P＜0.01 ).(4) In the three age groups of male and few.ale examinees,the prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism in hypercholesterulemla group and normal cholesterolemia group showed no significant difference ( all P＞0.05 ).In the multiple regression analysis,TSH level was not related with raised TC level.(5) In the three age groups of male,there was no significant difference between the prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism in hypertriglyceridemla group and normal triglyceridemia group ( all P＞0.05 ).In female,expect for the elderly group (＞60 years old ),the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in hypertriglyceridemia group than that in normal triglyceridemia.However,in the multiple regression analysis, increased TSH level was positively associated with increased serum TG level ( OR = 1.072,P=0.013 and OR = 1.102,P = 0.03 ).(6) The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in non-alcobolic fatty liver group and normal group showed no significant difference ( P＞0.05 ).In the multiple regression analysis,TSH level was not the independent risk factor of non-alcoholic fatty liver (P＞0.05 ).Conclusion Subclinical hypothyroidism is not asseciated with serum TC level but positively associated with serum TG level.Subclinical hypothyroidism does not apparently increase the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver.

Animals ; HIV Long Terminal Repeat ; genetics ; Humans ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Spumavirus ; genetics ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

A dispute about the decreasing-price problem of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has recently arisen. This article analyzes the statistical data of 1995-2011 in China, the results showed that the main responsibility of expensive health care has no direct relationship with the drug price. The price index of TCM rose significantly slower than the medicine prices, the production margins of TCM affected by the material prices has been diminishing since 1995, continuous price reduction will further depress profits of the TCM industry. Considering the pros and cons of raw materials vary greatly in price, decreasing medicine price behavior will force enterprises to use inferior materials in order to maintain corporate profits. The results have the guiding meaning to medicine price management.
Commerce ; economics ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Health Care Sector ; economics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics

Objective To discuss the effect of syphilis treatment during pregnancy on serological test results in infants born to syphilis mothers.Methods Data of pregnant women with syphilis and their infants in Zhejiang Province between January 2013 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed and the effect of syphilis treatment during pregnancy on non-treponemal antigen serological test results in infants were compared.x2 test was used for positive rate of serological tests,incidence of congenital syphilis,and neonatal mortality in infants with syphilis,and rank sum test was used to compare the titers of rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test and tolulized red unheated serum teat (TRUST).Results A total of 3 953 infants were born to 3 901 mothers with syphilis.Of which 3 262 were tested,including 2 226 by RPR and 1 036 by TRUST.The rate of infants with positive RPR was significant lower in treated mothers (45.02％)compared with untreated mothers (55.04％;x2 =12.88,P＜0.01).The significant differences of titers of RPR or TRUST were observed among mothers with or without treatment (RPR:Z=-2.45,P=0.01;TRUST:Z=-2.65,P=0.01),different course of treatment (RPR:Z=-2.33,P=0.02;TRUST:Z=-2.60,P=0.01).Fifty-seven infants were diagnosed with congenital syphilis.The rate of congenital syphilis was 3.50％(27/772) born to untreated mothers,which was dramatically higher than treated mothers (0.96 ％,30/3 129,x2 =27.72,P＜ 0.01).Forty-two infants died.Neonatal mortality was also higher in the untreated group (2.59 ％,20/772) than the treated group (0.70％,22/3 129,x2 =20.72,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Adequate treatment for women with syphilis during pregnancy could decrease serological tests of RPR and TRUST among new infants and improve the infants their outcomes.

Objective To investigate the applicability of Cys C-based formulas for prediction of GFR in Chinese patients with CKD.Methods A total of 176 adult patients with CKD including 90 males and 86 females collected from 4 hospitals located in different geographic regions of China (Beijing,Shanghai,Dalian and Changsha) were enrolled in this study from September 2007 to July 2009.The rGFR was measured using 99mTc-DTPA clearance rate two-sample method.Cystantic C was measured by PETIA and PENIA respectively.The results of eGFR in the Larsson formula,Grubb formula,Hoek formula,Filler formula,Stevens formula and Hojs formula were compared with the rGFR to evaluate the calculation coherence,bias,precision,accuracy and the performance of correct phasing of the formulas.Results The mean 99mTc-DTPA clearance was [40.70 ( 19.09 - 86.49)] ml · min-1 · ( 1.73m2 ) -1.Significant difference was witnessed in the evaluation of GFR estimation formulas calculated by PETIA and PENIA (P ＜0.01).ICC and Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between eGFR and rGFR.The ICCs of eGFR and rGFR ranged from 0.874 to 0.938.Compared with rGFR,the 30％ accuracy of all the eight evaluation formulas using PETIA and PENIA method were lower than 60％.The percentages of correct phasing in all the 5 stages of CKD were not ideal.With these formulas,percentages of correct phasing from CKD stage 2 to CKD stage 4 were lower than 65％.The eGFRs were underestimated by formulas evaluated by PENIA in CKD stage 1.All the eGFRs were overestimated remarkably by all equations in CKD stage 5.Conclusions None of the eight Cys C based formulas are ideal for estimation of GFR in Chinese CKD patients,and they can not be applied to Chinese patients directly.For this patient population,further studies will be needed to develop a more accurate Cys C-based GFR estimation formula that includes ethnicity,age and other factors.

Objective To review the surgical managements of patients with traumatic false aneu- rysms in the extremities.Methods From January 1990 to April 2006,17 patients with traumatic false aneurysms in the extremities were admitted into our hospital.Fourteen patients were treated by vascular repair including vascular repair in seven cases,end to end anastomosis in one,synthetic grafting in one, autogenous vein grafting in one,and direct ligation in four.Three patients were treated nonoperatively, but with local compressive dressing.Results There were no deaths or gangrenes in all cases.The clinical manifestations vanished after the treatment.The mean follow-up period was 13.2 months.The function of the injured extremities recovered satisfactorily.Conclusion Different types of traumatic false aneurysms should be managed by different therapeutic procedures after the diagnoses is made.