BACKGROUND:Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) can inhibit lipid peroxidation after rat brain injury. However, the trend of 5-lipoxygenaseis (5-LOX) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in model of Parkinson’s disease, and whether CAPE protects against rotenone-induced cel ular injuries by inhibiting the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs stil need further research.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of CAPE on the rotenone-induced Parkinson-like injury, and to determine whether 5-LOX involved.
METHODS:(1) PC12 cel s in good-growth were col ected and divided into five groups cultured with different concentrations of rotenone (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10μmol/L). 24 and 48 hours later, changes of cel ular morphology and activity were observed to single out the optimum concentration of rotenone;at 24 hours, the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs were detected by western blotting and ELISA, respectively. (2) PC12 cel s were pretreated with different concentrations of CAPE (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) for 30 minutes, and 1 μmol/L rotenone was then added. The other cel s received no intervention as blank control group. Subsequently, the cel activity was detected, and the CysLTs production was detected by ELISA at 24 hours.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Rotenone (0.1-10μmol/L) could induce PC12 cel injury with overt morphological and cel activity changes at 24 hours, especial y the 1 μmol/L rotenone. (2) Rotenone also significantly increased the 5-LOX expression and CysLTs production in a concentration-dependant manner. (3) CAPE (1-10μmo/L) significantly attenuated rotenone-induced CysLTs production and cel viability reduction in a concentration-dependant manner. (4) These results suggest that CAPE protects against PC12 cel injuries in the model rat with Parkinson’s disease induced by rotenone involving 5-Lox.

The anatomical features of the digestive system in 126 new-born cadavers were examined. In the oral cavity, the palatal ridges on the anterior part of the hard palate were very conspicous. The tongue, in most of the cases, was found to protrude out into the vestibule. This condition was contradictory to most of the textbooks, which state the tongue of the new born infant is short. The pharynx showed usual appearance as in the adult. Its lower end, taking the level of the lower border of the larynx as a land-mark, was at the level of the 4th or 5th cervical vertebra. The distance between the lower margin of the soft palate to the above mentioned level was 3—4 cm. The oesophagus showed no distinct constriction throughout its length. The distance between the upper alveolar process to the cardiac orifice of the stomach was 13—16 cm., being 15 cm. in average. In the majority of cases, the stomach assumed a "J" shape, and its general outline was very much like that of the adult. The liver was relatively large, its weight being 3—4% of that of the body. The umbilical vein when coursing in the left longitudinal fissure of the liver showed a dilation, from which 2—3 branches were given out to the left lobe; 1 or 2 branches to the caudate lobe; 1 to the right lobe after anastomosing with the portal vein. From this anastomotic branch, 1 twig was given to the quadrate lobe. The termination of this vein then became the ductus venosus, much diminished in size, before joining the inferior vena cava. The pancreas was 3—5 gms. in weight. Its course was in front of the left suprarenal gland instead of the left kidney. The small intestine appeared lengthy. No measurement was made on account of the embalmed bodies. A second duodenal papilla was found in 86% of the total cases. The caecum assumed a funnel-shape, lying above the iliac crest in most of the cases. In 3 cases the caecum was observed to be high up under the liver. The vermiform appendix was 3—5 cm. in length, and no valve was found at its orifice. A certain quantity of meconium was found in the lumen of the appendix. The position of the appendix was found to be variable. The taeniae coli were visible. In the majority of cases, neither sacculations nor ap- pendices epiploicae were present. The descending and sigmoid colon were largely distended by the meconium. No visible fat deposition was found in the omentum and mesentery in which the blood vessels and lymph nodes were clearly visible. The great omentum was rather short and extended only 2—3 cm. downwards from the great curvature of the stomach.

Procalcionin ( PCT) is a soluble protein liberated into the circulation of patients in response to severe systemic in-fection, in particular by bacterial infection.It is used as the most accurate biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis.This review briefly de-scribes the induction of PCT, the comparison of PCT and other markers of sepsis, the application of PCT measurement in confirmation or exclusion of diagnosis of sepsis, the assessment of severity and treatment effectiveness of systemic infection, the application of PCT in guiding individual and specific treatment of antibiotics, and the anormaly situation of elevated levels of PCT in patients who do not have sepsis.

Objective To explore the role of Annexin Ⅱ and urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA) proteins in the development and lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA proteins in 35 cases of papillary thyroid cancer tissues,10 cases of thyroid adenoma tissues,16 cases of nodular goiter tissues and 7 cases of normal thyroid tissues.Results The positive expression rate of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA protein was significantly higher in papillary thyroid cancer than in normal thyroid tissues,nodular goiter tissues and thyroid adenoma tissues( P ＜0.05 ).The expression of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA protein was positively correlated in papillary thyroid cancer tissues(P ＜0.05).The expression of Annexin Ⅱ protein in thyroid cancer tissues was associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis while the expression of uPA protein was only related to lymph node metastasis.Conclusions Annexin Ⅱ and uPA proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of papillary thyroid cancer.They also play a facilitating role in lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer.

A total of 100 patients with subacute thyroiditis hospitalized from January 2011 to October 2012 were recruited.Each received glucocorticoid treatment for 8 weeks and there was a 2-month follow-up period after drug withdrawal.After treatment,the short-term recurrence rate was 34％ (34/100).If thyroid ultrasound was abnormal,the recurrence rate was 52％ (30/58).And it was significantly higher than 10％ recurrence rate for those with normal thyroid ultrasound (4/42,x2 =9.67,P ＜ 0.01).The recurrence rate of different erythrocyte sedimentation rate groups of 40-100 mm/1 h and ＞ 100 mm/1 h was 37％ (22/60) and 30％ (12/40) respectively (P ＞ 0.05).

Objective:To investigate the component changes in compound granatum berberine capsules after the radioactive ray ir-radiation sterilization. Methods: The chromatographic fingerprints were obtained on a Diamonsil C18 analytical column ( 250 mm × 4. 6 mm,0. 5 μm) with solvent system composed of acetonitrile-0. 033 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 265nm, the column temperature was maintained at 30℃, and the injection vol-ume was 10 μl. Results:Totally 10 co-possessing peaks were selected as the fingerprint peaks for compound granatum berberine cap-sules, and the fingerprints exhibited promising separation for each peak and revealed the fingerprint information according to the techni-cal requirements of fingerprints for Chinese traditional medicines. Most components were with different degrees of reduction, and some peaks even lost after the irradiation. Conclusion:The main ingredients show no statistically significant change after irradiation ( P>0. 05), suggesting the sterilization method is suitable for the preparation.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Xiaoyan granules. Methods:The extraction process was optimized by orthogonal test with water volume, extraction times and extraction duration as the influencing factors. The dry extract rate and esculetin content were used as the evaluation indices. The dry extract rate was determined by drying method, and esculetin was determined by HPLC. Results:The optimal extraction conditions were as follows:water was 8 times of the medicinal materials, the decoction duration was 1. 5h with 3 extraction times. Conclusion:The optimized process of Xiaoyan granules is feasible and convenient,and the granules are qualified and stable.

Background and purpose:Overexpression of inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2 A-2 (I2PP2A) in many tumors including gastric cancer suggests that I2PP2A may contribute to the development of gastric cancer. To further study the biological function of I2PP2A and its role in gastric cancer, we established a BGC823 cell line for stable expression of shRNA targeting human I2PP2A gene. Methods: A double-stranded shRNA targeting the I2PP2A was designed, synthesized and was inserted into a lentivirus vector (pGLV2), and the insertion was identiifed by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. BGC823 cells were then transfected with the packaged recombinant lentivirus, and resistant cell clones were selected with puromycin. The expression of I2PP2A was examined using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Results:Sequencing result proved that recombinant lentivirus vector pGLV2-shRNA-I2PP2A was constructed correctly. RT-PCR and Western blot results conifrmed that the expression of I2PP2A was signiifcantly down-regulated in this infected BGC823 cell line. The efifciency of siRNA interference of I2PP2A could be up to about 90%. Conclusion:A lentiviral vector carrying a shRNA targeting the I2PP2A gene is successfully constructed, and a BGC823 cell line stably expressing I2PP2A shRNA is established with this lentiviral system.

Objective To explore the age-and sex-specific body composition of normal children in Beijing area.Metheds The subjects were a total of 587 children of 6-14 years old,who were recruited from Beijing schools.All of them had relative weight within normal range(80%～120%),and no chronic disease.The relative weight was obtained,according to standard weight,using the follo-(wing) formula: relative weight(%)=(body weight/standard weight) ?100.Body compositions were estimated with a bioelectrical impedance analyser,which had been proved to be reliable and valid for determining the percentage of body fat.Results Not only fat free mass(FFM) but also fat mass(FM) increased monotonically with age in both sexes.FFM was higher in boys than that in girls at all ages.FM was significantly higher in girls than that in boys aged 6 to 8 years old;however,there was no significant difference for FM between sexes aged 9-14 years old.Patterns of change in mean ratio of body fat(%BF),with age differed by sex.Percent age of BF was significantly higher in girls than that in boys at all ages except at 10 and 11 years old. In boys,%BF increased with age,while in girls it remained nearly constant from age 6 to 10 years old,and gradually increased from age 10 to 14 years old.Body mass index(BMI) increased steadily with age in both sexes,and boys had consistently higher BMI than girls.In boys,the increase in BMI was steeper from age 10 to 14 years old.Even in the subjects with BMI

Objective To introduce the procedures and to evaluate the application value of the optical navigating interventional MR-guided percutaneous biopsies and therapies. Methods Thirty-five of 54 patients (33 males, 21 females) underwent percutaneous biopsies and 19 of 54 patients underwent percutaneous therapies under optical navigating interventional MR-guidance. The age ranged from 9 months to 78 years (mean 38.8 years). All patients were performed under a 0.23 T open MRI system (Proview, Philips Medical System) with optical navigating system (iPath 200, Philips Medical System). The needle and bone biopsy drill were MR-compatible (Daum, Germany). Results Punctures were accurate in all patients (54/54). 33 of 35 biopsies got the pathological diagnosis. All therapies (19/19) got the definitive curative effect. All patients had no obvious complications, such as severe hemorrhage, viscera or nerve injury.Conclusion iPath 200 interventional MR-guided percutaneous biopsies and therapies are accurate and safe techniques.