objective To investigate the ability of insulin sensitivity index HOMA2-%S and secretion function index HOMA2-%B calculated by HOMA2,the new homeostasis model assessment,in clinical application. Methods Eighty female volunteers with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chongqing area [50 subjects with normal glucose tolerance(NGT group)and 30 subjects with impaired glucose regulation(IGR group)]were involved in this study.Thev underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTF)and the Botnia clamp test. From the data of faming blood samples in OGTF,insulin sensitivity index HOMAI-ISI,secretion function index HOMAl-β and disposal index DI-HOMA1 were calculated by the old homeostasis model assessment(HOMA I),meanwhile insulin sensitivity index HOMA2-%S,secretion function index HOMA2-%B and disposal index(DI-HOMA2) were caleulated by the new homeostasis model assessment (HOMA2).Correlation coefficients between insulin sensitivity index and GIR (the glucose infusion rate at steady state of Botnia clamp test),and between insulin secretion function index and AIR(the acute insulin response in Botnia clamp test),were studied.Results The Pearson's linear correlation coefficient between HOMA2-%S and GIR(r=0.503),HOMA1-ISI and HOMA2-%S (r= 0.990).HOMA2-%B and AIR(r=0.382),HOMA1-B and HOMA2-%B(r=0.976) were all statistically significant(a11 P<0.01).The glucose disposal indexes calculated from the HOMA2 and HOMA1 of 1GR group were significantly lower than those from the NGT group(t=2.825,P<0.Ol;t=2.222,P<0.05). Conclusion The HOMA2 is a better model in evaluating the insulin sensitivity and secretion function and is recommended to be widely used in clinical evaluation.

Objective To explore the effect of ankle strategy stability limit training on balance and gait in recovering stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods Forty recovering stroke patients were randomized into an intervention group and a control group.The patients in the intervention group were given ankle strategy stability limit training using visual feedback on the static long sets of a Smart Equitest Balance Master (SEBM) machine.Those in the control group practiced routine postural balance training using mirror visual feedback in parallel bars.Both groups of patients practiced balance and posture control for 30 minutes,once daily,6 days a week for two weeks. Both groups were also given routine therapy and other rehabilitation.The patients' balance function was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS),and their gait was assessed using the walk across technique (WA). Results There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to general information,BBS scores or WA results before treatment.After 2 weeks of treatment,BBS scores as well as the step length and pace in the WA improved significantly in both groups,but all improved significantly more in the intervention group.There was no significant difference in width of gait. Conclusion Ankle strategy stability limit training can enhance weight-bearing on stroke patients' affected foot as well as their balance and the symmetry of their steps.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of sodium valproate(VPA)and its metabo-lite 2-propyl-2-pentenoic acid (2-ene-VPA) in human plasma. METHODS:Plasma sample was extracted with cyclohexane and experienced derivatization with 2,4′-dibromoacetophenone using n-octanoic acid as an internal standard. RP-HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Zorbax SB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(65∶35,V/V)at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 35 ℃,and UV dectection wavelenth was set at 258 nm. The sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS:The linear range of VPA and 2-ene-VPA were 5.0-200.0,0.5-20.0 μg/mL(r=0.999 9, n=5). The limits of quantification were 5.0,0.5 μg/mL. RSDs of inter-day and intra-day were all lower than 5%. Method recov-eries were 95.99%-98.80%and 97.40%-98.17%,and extraction recoveries were 80.46%-86.23%and 80.45%-85.61%. The plas-ma concentrations of VPA in 10 epileptic children were 27.4-93.2 μg/mL,and those of 2-ene-VPA were 0.85-3.94 μg/mL,respec-tively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,specific and suitable for plasma concentration determination and pharmacokinet-ic study of VPA.

Objective To determine the immunophenotypic features of peripheral lymphocytes in adult patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV).Methods Eighteen IM patients,12 CAEBV patients and 18 healthy donors were included.Lymphocyte subsets including CD3-CD+19 B cells,CD3-CD+16/56 NK cells,CD4+ and CD8+T cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.The expression of activation markers (HLA-DR and CD38) on CD8+T cells and CD28 expression on T cells were also determined.Kruskal-Wallis H and MannWhitney U tests were used to compare variables among groups.Results IM patients had dramatically increased CD8+T cell counts than healthy donors (5.22 × 109/L vs 0.54 × 109/L,P ＜ 0.001).B cell counts moderately reduced in patients with IM than in healthy donors.No difference was found in absolute CD4+T cell and NK cell counts between IM and healthy donors.The levels of HLA-DR and CD38 on CD8+T cells significantly increased in IM patients compared with those in healthy controls.The intensity of CD28 on CD8+T cells significantly decreased,which was not seen on CD4+T cells.The median cell counts of B,NK,CD4+T and CD8+T subsets in CAEBV patients were 0.02 × 109/L,0.06 × 109/L,0.26 × 109/L and 0.21 ×109/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those in healthy donors (0.22 × 109/L,0.38 ×109/L,0.78 × 109/L,0.54 × 109/L) and IM patients (0.12 × 109/L,0.40 × 109/L,0.91 × 109/L,5.22 ×109/L).The positive rates of HLA-DR and CD38 on CD8+T cells in CAEBV patients were higher than those in healthy controls,but lower than those in IM patients.Conclusions The immunophenotypic pattern in adult patients with IM is characterized by a dramatic increase of extensively activated CD8+ T cells,a moderate reduction of CD+19B cells and no significant change of CD4+T cells and CD+16/56NK cells.CAEBV is featured by an immunosuppression status as demonstrated by significantly decreased B,NK,CD4+T and CD8+T subsets.

To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.

Objective To develop the quality of life questionnaire applicable to the Chinese patients with dysphagia by the translation and modification,as well as psychometric evaluation of the original swallowing quality of life questionnaire (SWAL-QOL).Methods The English version of the SWAL-QOL was translated into Chinese according to the well-accepted scale translation procedure.Then 103 patients with dysphagia were tested using the translated Chinese SWAL-QOL.The inter-rater reliability,test-retest reliability,internal consistency reliability,the content validity and construct validity were tested.Results The inter-rater reliability correlation coefficient of the SWAL-QOL was between 0.945-0.990 (P＜0.01).Its test-retest coefficients ranged from 0.965 to 0.992 (P＜0.01).The Cronbach coefficients ranged from 0.708 to 0.933 (P＜0.01).There revealed significant correlation between each item of SWAL-QOL and its domain,with correlation coefficients between 0.723 and 0.982 (P＜0.01).Factor analysis of each item of the 10 domains of SWAL-QOL extracted 10 common factors,which were with a cumulative contribution of 79.029％.Factor analysis of the total score of the 10 dimensions extracted 2 common factors including dysphagia-related quality of life and general quality of life,with a cumulative contribution of 54.718％.Conclusions The Chinese version of SWAL-QOL is reliable and valid.It can be used as an effective measuring tool to evaluate the quality of life of dysphagia patients.

Object To look for the proprietary constituent and the constituents with blood lipid regulating effect from the dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge var major N E Br Methods Various column chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents UV, IR, EI MS, FAB MS, 1HNMR, 13 CNMR, HMBC, HMQC and 13 CGATE were used to identify the structure of the isolated constituents Results Six compounds were isolated from the fruit of C pinnatifida They were identified as 5, 7, 4′ trihydroxy flavone 8 C ? L rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) ? D glucopyranoside, i e vitexin rhamnoside (Ⅰ), hyperoside (Ⅱ), citric acid (Ⅲ), vitexin (Ⅳ), quercetin (Ⅴ), ursolic acid (Ⅵ) Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a proprietary constituent in the fruit of C pinnalifida, which was obtained from this plant for the first time Compound Ⅱ is a main constituent with blood lipid reducing effect in flavonoids

Objective To investigate the antioxidation activity and resistance of lipid peroxidation of panax notoginseng flower total saponins.Methods The panax notoginseng flower buds were extracted with ethanol. The hydroxyl free radical(?OH), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrythydrazyl radical(DPPH)clearing rate and resistance of lipid peroxidation of rat liver induced by Fe2+-cysteine were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Half clearance of hydroxyl free radical and DPPH. by panax notoginseng flower total saponin was 0.035 mg/ml and 0.094 mg/ml, the maximum inhibition rate of lipid peroxidation of rat liver induced by Fe2+-cysteine was 89.31%, therefore moderate concentration of extracts had a strong inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Conclusions Panax notoginseng flower total saponins have antioxidant activity and resistance of lipid peroxidation.

ObjectiveTo explore the mental health level of family members of stroke patient and related factors.Methods34 stroke patients' family members were tested with the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90), and compared with norms; SCL-90 factor scores, which were higher than that of norms, were analyzed for related factors.ResultsScores of 4 factors in the SCL-90 (somatization, depression, anxiety and phobia) were higher than norms in the family members of stroke patients. Scores of somatization factor correlated with the education background; depression factor correlated with the family income variable; anxiety factor correlated with the cognitive impairment variable of patients. In the correlation analysis with patient's activities of daily living (ADL) scores, somatization factor negatively correlated with total score of ADL and hygiene, feeding, bowel management, locomotion, bathing scores; both depression factor scores and positive item numbers negatively correlated with feeding and bowel management scores; phobia anxiety factor scores with hygiene, feeding, bowel management, communication, locomotion, bathing and total scores.ConclusionThe mental health level of family members of stroke patient is lower, and it is related to family income reduction, patient's cognitive impairment, and especially with the patient\s ADL level.