Lung nodules are one of the most common pathological changes, thus early detection of lung nodule is very important for the diagnosis medical treatment of lung eancer. In recent years, as the application of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT), high-resolution CT(HRCT) and low-dose chest CTCLDCT), computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system will be more essential and more important. Since CAD system can improve the working efficiency of doctors and provide service to more patients, has become the research hotspot and achievement has been made in relevant area internationally recently. This review summarizes the basic methods and applieations of computer-aided detection and diagnosis of lung nodule based on CT image.

Stat3 is a member of the STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) protein family. It can be activated by many cytokines, growth factors and carcinogens. Activation of Stat3 in the cytoplasm leads to its dimerization, translocation into the nucleus, DNA binding and gene transcription. Constitutively activated Stat3 is associated with cellular transformation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, chemoresistance and radioresistance, and therefore suppress apoptosis of cancer.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal mucosa was damaged by ischemia and hypoxia during severe burn, and injury and infection of oxygen-derived free radicals during reperfusion.OBJECTIVE: To study on the basis of sub-cell level whether danshen can improve respiratory function of mitochondrion of epithelial cell in intestinal mucosa and decrease the production of oxygen-derived free radicals so as to protect intestinal mucosa of burnt rats.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study with single sample.SETTING: Department of Burn, the Third Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Surgery Institute of the Third Hospital of Chinese PLA from December 2001 to February 2002.Totally 96 SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into normal control group (n=24), burning model group (n=36) and danshen treatment group (n=36). 1 mL danshen parenteral solution had 1.5 g raw materials.METHODS: ① Rats in the burning model group and danshen treatment group were used to establish grade Ⅲ burning models with 20% scald of total body surface. ② Rats in the normal control group were not injured.③ After modeling, 1 mL/kg danshen parenteral solution was slowing injected into rats in the danshen treatment group through femoral vein, but saline was injected slowly into rats in the normal control group and burning model group. ④ Twelve rats from each of the burning mgdel group and the danshen treatment group were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 6 hours after modeling, and 8 rats in the normal control group were sacrificed at relevant time points respectively. ⑤ Samples of small intestine were collected to measure cytochrome aa3, cytochrome C, level of energy charge and activity of superoxide dismutase of mitochondrion of epithelial cells in intestinal mucosa.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cytochrome aa3, cytochrome C, level of energy charge and activity of superoxide dismutase of mitochondrion of epithelial cells in intestinal mucosa 1, 2 and 6 hours after modeling.RESULTS: Totally 96 SD rats entered the final analysis. ① Level of cytochrome aa3 of mitochondrion of epithelial cells in intestinal mucosa at various time points after modeling: Levels of cytochrome aa3 did not changed obviously in the burning model group and danshen treatment group 2 hours after modeling as compared with that in the normal control group (P＞ 0.05). Six hours after burning, levels in the burning model group were obviously lower than those in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05), but those in the danshen treatment group were obviously higher than those in the burning model group [(3.16±0.13), (2.5640.15) μkat/g, P ＜ 0.05]. ②Measurements of cytochrome C, level of energy charge and activity of superoxide dismutase of mitochondrion of epithelial cells in intestinal mucosa at various time points after modeling: As compared with those in the normal control group, measurements were decreased obviously in the burning model group 1, 2 and 6 hours after modeling (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01), but those in the danshen treatment group were obviously higher than those in the burning model group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).CONCLUSION: Danshen can raise the levels of cytochrome aa3, cytochrome C, energy production and SOD, and also reduce the production of oxygen-derived free radicals so as to improve respiratory function of mitochondria of epithelial cells in intestinal mucosa of rats.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on quality of life in breast cancer survivors.Methods Electronic databases were searched.Randomized controlled trials in which aerobic exercise was compared with controls regarding quality of life in breast cancer survivors were included.Results We analyzed 12 RCT studies.Aerobic exercise significantly improved quality of life in breast cancer survivors.Seven studies which used FACT-B scale concluded that aerobic exercise could significantly improve psychological emotion,social/family function and breast-related function.The aerobic exercise aiming at breast cancer survivors who had already finished all the therapies except endocrine therapy of breast cancer,mainly comprised of short-period intervention programs (within 24 weeks),and was advised to be executed under professionals' supervision to ensure safety.Conclusion Aerobic exercise could effectively improve quality of life in breast cancer survivors,especially in aspects of psychological emotion,social/family function and breast-related function.

Great advances have been made recently in the therapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia due mainly to the application of novel agents. In the 58th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting, the latest outcomes of many clinical studies have been reported. The present article will review the reports and focus on the following studies on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): the long-term therapeutic outcome of BTKi and the result of combination therapy of BTKi with other agents; the short-term result of bcl-2 inhibitor in CLL; the efficacy of maintenance therapy with lenalidomide in CLL patients; CD19-CAR T-cell therapy achieved good response. Traditional immunochemotherapy with combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab is still the first-line option for fit patients through long-term follow-up. The allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains a curative strategy for CLL but with stricter indication.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid and urine ketone in the diagnosis of diabetic ketosis. Methods One hundred and fifteen patients with non-ketosis diabetics (NDK group), 85 patients with diabetic ketosis (DK group) and 105 healthy people (control group) were enrolled in Chengmai People's Hospital from May 2012 to May 2014. Blood β-hydroxybutyric acid, urine ketone and blood glucose were detected; the correlation index of blood β-hydroxybutyric acid, urine ketone and blood glucose in NDK group and DK group were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was performed in determining the diagnostic value of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid for diabetic ketosis. Results The level of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid, positive rate of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid, urine ketone and level of blood glucose in DK group were higher than those in NDK group and NC group (P<0.01) . Blood β-hydroxybutyric acid was positively correlated with urine ketone and blood glucose (r=0.552,P=0.000;r=0.405,P=0.010) . When urine ketone was used as diagnostic standard, the area under curve of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid was 0.839, the best cutoff value ofβ-hydroxybutyric acid was 0.64 mmol/L with the sensitivity was 81.6%and specificity was 89.2%. Conclusions Examinations of bloodβ-hydroxybutyric acid and urine ketone have great significance for the diagnosis of diabetic ketosis. The co-monitoring of blood β-hydroxybutyric acid and urine ketone can reduce the rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. The best cutoff value of β-hydroxybutyric acid to diagnose diabetic ketosis was 0.64 mmol/L.

Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; pathology

Objective To understand the clinical significance of serum immunoglobulins and C3 at the initial episode on the treat-ment and prognosis of childhood primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS) .Methods 426 children patients with first episode of PNS ad-mitted to the nephrology department of our hospital from January 1 ,2003 to December 30 ,2012 were retrospectively analyzed .The clinical data were collected for conducting the analysis on the immuneglobulins and C 3 levels in different age groups ,clinical classifi-cation ,hormone response ,recurrence ,prognosis and correlation among various pathological types .Results (1)Compared with the healthy children ,the peripheral blood IgG level in childhood PNS was significantly decreased ,while the IgM and IgE level were sig-nificantly increased .(2)The IgE level in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS) was higher than that in steroid-resistant ne-phrotic syndrome(SRNS);which in frequent recurrence nephrotic syndrome was higher than that in non-recurrence nephrotic syn-drome .(3) The C3 level in the PNS children patients aged over 1 years and nephritis nephrotic syndrome(NNS) was lower than that in simple nephrotic syndrome(SNS) .Conclusion PNS is correlated with the immune dysfunction .Serum IgE level increase clinically manifests by the steroid sensitivity and frequent relapse ;the lower the C3 level ,the poorer the prognosis .

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of Bartter syndrome in children. Methods Clinical data of 15 patients with Bartter syndrome in Children`s Hospital Afifliated to Chongqing Medical University was analyzed, and pertinent literatures were reviewed. Results Bartter syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited renal disorder characterized by hypokalemia, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, vomiting, growth retardation, the activation of the renin-aldosterone axis, normal blood pressure. Genetic analysis is the most reliable way for diagnosis. Comprehensive therapy with antisterone, indomethacin, catopril and potassium have remarkable effect. Conclusions Bartter syndrome should be considered when children have unreasonable continuous hypokalemia, hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis and growth retardation. It can be clinically diagnosed by clinical manifestation and hydrochlorothiazide test, and genetic analysis is the most reliable way. It can be ameliorated by potassium and magnesium supplementation, antialdosterone medications, prostaglandin inhibitors and antisterone. Considering the following electrolyte disturbances, infections, growth retardation, kidney failure and even death,Bartter syndrome need lifelong treatment, early diagnosis and treatment is of the most importance.

Objective To standardize Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS)-II Chinese version to establish norm of ABAS-II Chinese version (6-18 years old). Methods International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and psychological mea-surement were taken. Results Chinese version of ABAS-II (6-18 years old) was developed. The norms of general scores, main domains scores and adaptive skill scores had been established. Conclusion Chinese version of ABAS-II (6-18 years old) can be applied for the evalu-ation of adaptive behavior for Chinese children aged 6-18 years. The standardized Chinese version of ABAS-II (6-18 years old) meets the re-quirement of reliability and validity of the US version.