The biological characteristic of carcinomas is determined both by the stromal microenvironment and the oncogene or anti-oncogene.The tumor stroma is also known as the reactive stroma which is composed of base member,immunocell,capillary,fibroblasts and ECM.Fibroblasts are the majority of tumor stromal cells.The relationship between fibroblasts and the initiation,progression of carcinoma has being in the spot light.In this review,we summarized the advance in the study of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts.

Objective To evaluate the effects of fluid restriction in combination with small dose of norepinephrine on cerebral oxygen metabolism in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.Methods Forty elderly patients of both sexes,aged 65-80 yr,with body mass index of 18-24 kg/m2,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ (NYHA Ⅰ or Ⅱ),with left ventricular ejection fraction≥50％,undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:routine fluid administration group (group S) and restricted fluid administration + small dose of norepinephrine group (group RN).In group S,lactated Ringer's solution was given routinely,ephedrine 5 mg (per time) was injected intravenously,and MAP was maintained ≥ 65 mmHg during operation.In group RN,lactated Ringer's solution was infused intravenously at 5 ml · kg-1 · h-1 starting from 30 min before anesthesia,norepinephrine was infused intravenously at 0.01-0.03 μg · kg-1 · min-1 after induction of anesthesia,and MAP was maintained ≥ 65 mmHg.Intraoperative blood loss was replaced with the equal volume of 6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride injection in both groups.At 5 min before skin incision,1 and 2 h after skin incision and postanesthesia care unit discharge time,arterial and jugular bulb venous blood samples were obtained for blood gas analysis,and arterial oxygen content,jugular bulb venous oxygen content,arteriovenous oxygen content difference,cerebral oxygen extraction rate,and the ratio of cerebral blood flow to cerebral oxygen metabolic rate were calculated.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in arterial oxygen content,jugular bulb venous oxygen content,arteriovenous oxygen content difference,cerebral oxygen extraction rate,and the ratio of cerebral blood flow to cerebral oxygen metabolic rate.Conclusion Fluid restriction combined with small dose of norepinephrine produces no effects on cerebral oxygen metabolism in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for determining the content of rubrofusarin gentiobioside in Cassia obtusifolia.

METHODThe HPLC with Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column was used, acetonitrile-THF-1% acetic acid (18: 3:79) was used as a mobile phase, with flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 40 degrees 2 and detection wavelength at 278 nm.

RESULTA good linearity was obtained from 0.1-0.5 microg with r = 0.999 9 for rubrofusarin gentiobioside. The average recovery was 101.1%, and RSD was 2.23% (n = 5).

CONCLUSIONThe method was proved to be simple, rapid, sensitive, precise, reliable and repeatable. It can be applied to the quality control of Semen Cassia.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromones ; analysis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

AIMTo study on synthesis and antibacterial activity evaluation of polyheterocycles.

METHODSThe condensation of 4-amino-3-pyridin-3-yl-4H-[1,2,4] triazole-5-thiol with 2-chloromethyl-5-substituted phenyl-[1,3,4] oxadiazoles gave the corresponding title heterocycle amines, and the in vitro antibacterial activity was primarily evaluated by the method of cup-plate diffusion solution.

RESULTSTwelve novel compounds were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. Biological screening results demonstrated that most of the compounds prepared showed good antibacterial activity.

CONCLUSIONOxadiazoles incorporting pyridyl triazole ring may be a pharmacophor structure in the molecule for developing antibacterial candidate drugs.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Oxadiazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Proteus vulgaris ; drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

AIMStudies on synthesis and antibacterial activity of new heterocycles.

METHODSThe cyclocondensation of [(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl] thio acetic acid with various aroyl hydrazines in the presence of POCl3 and xylene gave the corresponding titled compounds, and the in vitro antibacterial activity was primarily evaluated by the method of cupplate diffusion solution.

RESULTSSixteen novel titled compounds were synthesized, their structures were confirmed by IR, 1HNMR, MS and elemental analysis. Biological screening results demonstrated that most of the compounds prepared displayed potential antibacterial activity.

CONCLUSIONOxadiazoles incorporting pyridyl oxadiazole ring may be usefully antibacterial candidate drugs.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Oxadiazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Proteus vulgaris ; drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical characteristics of implant-abutment interface design in a dental , using nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) method. This finite element simulation study was applied on three commonly used commercial dental implant systems: model I, the reduced-diameter 3i implant system (West Palm Beach, FL, USA) with a hex and a 12-point double internal hexagonal connection; model II, the Semados implant system (Bego, Bremen, Germany) with combination of a conical (450 taper) and internal hexagonal connection; and model III, the Brinemark implant system (Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg,Sweden) with external hexagonal connection. In simulation, a force of 170 N with 45" oblique to the longitudinal axis of the implant was loaded to the top surface of the abutment. It has been found from the strength and stiffness analysis that the 3i implant system has the lowest maximum von Mises stress, principal stress and displacement while the Br Bnemark implant system has the highest. It was concluded from our preliminary study using nonlinear FEA that the reduced-diameter 3i implant system with a hex and a 12-point double internal hexagonal connection had a better stress distribution, and produced a smaller displacement than the other two implant systems.
Computer Simulation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; statistics & numerical data ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Stress Analysis ; methods ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective To identify the effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on the survival of patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgery.Methods The data of 104 patients with recurrent pancreatic cancer after surgery who underwent SBRT in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Changhai Hospital,Navy Medical University from February 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The prescription doses ranged from 35-40 Gy/4-8 f.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and relevant factors affecting patients' survival were screened by the Cox proportional hazards model.Results The median overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) was 12.5 (11.0-14.0) months and 7.3 (6.0-8.7) months,respectively,while the 1-year rate of OS and PFS was 55.8％ and 22.1％,respectively.Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor stage,biological effect dose (α/β =10,BED10),the decrease of CA19-9 level after treatment,and follow-up chemotherapy were all related factors affecting overall survival;tumor stage,BED10,the degree of pain relief and the decrease of CA19-9 level after treatment were related factors affecting PFS.Conclusions Patients suffering recurrent pancreatic cancer with early tumor stage,normal CA19-9 level and mild pain before treatment could be better treated by SBRT,BED10 ≥60 Gy and follow-up chemotherapy after radiotherapy can prolong the survival of patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore dysfunction mechanism of rat alveolar type II (AT-II) injured by bleomycin (BLM).

METHODSSD rats were injected with a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin or control saline. On day 7, 14, and 28 following intratracheal bleomycin or saline instillation, animals were killed under overdose of 1.5% sodium pentobarbital (0.25 ml/100 g, i.p.) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the lung was tested for the activity of pulmonary surfactant (PS) by the Whihelmy Film Balance. Several concentrations of bleomycin stimulated the culture of rat AT-II cells, and surfactant protein (SP) A, B, and aquaporin-1 (AQP) mRNA were analyzed by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).

RESULTSThe activity of PS and hypoxemia significantly decreased on day 7 and improved on day 14 and completely recovered to normal status on day 28. SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA expression in BLM-stimulated group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONBLM-injured AT-II cells decrease the levels of SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA and cause PS dysfunction, resulting in hypoxemia and pneumonedema.

Animals ; Aquaporin 1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for determining the content of primary chemical constituents in the leaves of Cassia angustifolia.

METHODThe HPLC with Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column was used , acetonitrile-1% acetic acid (10:90-15: 85-18: 82-20: 80-25: 75) in a gradient manner was used as a mobile phase, with flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 40 degrees C and detection wavelength at 270 nm.

RESULTThe results showed that 5 effective components all separated well and showed good linearity.

CONCLUSIONThe method was proved to be rapid, sensitive, accurate, credible and repeatable. It can be applied to quality control of Folium Sennae.

Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; Apigenin ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Naphthalenes ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Senna Extract ; Senna Plant ; chemistry ; Temperature

The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical characteristics of implant–abutment interface design in a dental implant system, using nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) method. This finite element simulation study was applied on three commonly used commercial dental implant systems: model I, the reduced-diameter 3i implant system (West Palm Beach, FL, USA) with a hex and a 12-point double internal hexagonal connection; model II, the Semados implant system (Bego, Bremen, Germany) with combination of a conical (456 taper) and internal hexagonal connection; and model III, the Bra°nemark implant system (Nobel Biocare, Gothenburg, Sweden) with external hexagonal connection. In simulation, a force of 170 N with 456 oblique to the longitudinal axis of the implant was loaded to the top surface of the abutment. It has been found from the strength and stiffness analysis that the 3i implant system has the lowest maximum von Mises stress, principal stress and displacement while the Bra°nemark implant system has the highest. It was concluded from our preliminary study using nonlinear FEA that the reduced-diameter 3i implant system with a hex and a 12-point double internal hexagonal connection had a better stress distribution, and produced a smaller displacement than the other two implant systems.