OBJECTIVEThis study is to evaluate the soft tissue change of Angle's Class II division 1 malocclusion patients with vertical growth pattern after tooth extraction orthodontic treatment, and to provide experimental results to help to make orthodontic treatment plan and treatments.

METHODS38 Angle's Class II division 1 malocclusion patients with vertical growth pattern and with tooth extraction orthodontic treatment were included in this study. The pre- and post-treatment cephalometric X-rays were made and 26 measurement items were measured. The change value of pre- and post-treatment, youngsters and adults were compared.

RESULTSTUL-EP, TLL-EP, upper and lower lip position, Stoms-Stomi, U1-Ptm were reduced after treatment. Upper lip sulcus and flange thickness, upper and lower lip length, upper and lower lip inclination angle, nasolabial angle, Z angle, mentolabial sulcus inclination angle were enlarged after treatment. The upper lip sulcus thickness, lower lip length and A'-Ptm of adolescent were enlarged, but adult were on the contrary. The change of upper lip length, mentolabial sulcus inclination angle and U1-Ptm between adolescent and adult was statistically different.

CONCLUSIONThe best treatment period of patients with Angle's Class II division 1 malocculsion with vertical growth pattern was in the rapid growth and development period of adolescent.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cephalometry ; Humans ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; pathology ; surgery ; Tooth Extraction

OBJECTIVEto study the oxidative stress of rats with acute paraquat poisoning and the intervention of Sodium Dimercaptopropane Sulfonate (NA-DMPS).

METHODSEighty male SD rats were randomizedly divided into: the normal control group (n=8), NA-DMPS control group (n=8), the PQ group (n=32, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with 1% PQ solution at the dosage of 20 mg/kg) and the NA-DMPS protected group (n=32). The rats in the groups of normal and NA-DMPS control were sacrificed 1d after administration of NS or NA-DMPS. And the rats in the PQ group and the NA-DMPS protected group were sacrificed at 6h, 1, 3, 7d after poisoning. Samples of serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were gathered. The MDA and CAT in serum, BALF and lung homogenate, the glutathione (GSH) in serum and BALF were measured. And the expression of Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA in lung was tested with RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the activities of MDA and CAT in serum, BALF and lung homogenate are higher in both groups of PQ and NA-DMPS protected. And compared with the PQ group, the activities of MDA in serum, BALF and lung homogenate of the NA-DMPS protected group decreased significantly at 6h, 1d after poisoning, whereas the activities of CAT are higher at 6h, 1, 3d in serum and 1, 3d in BALF and lung homogenate (P<0.05 or P<0.001). The serum GSH at 6h, 3d of the NA-DMPS protected group [(730.07 +/- 16.23), (793.66 +/- 7.40)] were higher than those in the PQ group. And the BALF GSH at 1, 3d of the NA-DMPS protected group [(609.75 +/- 6.74), (631.83 +/- 12.03)] were also markedly higher than the PQ group (P<0.05 or P<0.001). The expression of NRF2 mRNA of the lung at 1, 3, 7d in the PQ group [(0.71 +/- 0.061), (1.023 +/- 0.158), (0.969 +/- 0.046)] and the NA-DMPS protected group [(1.005 +/- 0.06), (1.464 +/- 0.166), (1.066 +/- 0.191)] were significantly higher than those in the control groups. Compared with the PQ group, the expression of NRF2 mRNA of the lung increased markedly in the NA-DMPS protected group at 1, 3d (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONNa-DMPS decreases the activity of MDA and increases the activity of CAT, GSH and the expression of Nrf2 mRNA. NA-DMPS can protected rats from PQ intoxication by improving the balance of redox reaction.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Unithiol ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the effect of bromoxynil on membrane potential and respiratory control rate (RCR) in isolate mitochondria from mice liver tissue in vitro and the intervention of NAC.

METHODSThe mitochondrial was randomized to control group, bromoxynil-poisoned group and NAC-protected group. S3, S4 and RCR of the mitochondria in each sample was detected by the method of oxygen electrode. Each sample was stained by JC-1 and the changes of membrane potential of mitochondria were observed under fluorescence microscope.

RESULTSThe S3 [(0.031 +/- 0.008) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)], RCR (1.820 +/- 0.181) of bromoxynil-poisoned group and RCR (4.253 +/- 0.210) of NAC-protected group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.01); the S4 [(0.017 +/- 0.004) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). The S3 [(0.046 +/- 0.005) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] and RCR of NAC-protected group were significantly higher than group B (P<0.01), S4 [(0.011 +/- 0.001) nano atoms oxygen x mg(-1) x min(-1)] of NAC-protected group was significantly lower than bromoxynil-poisoned group (P< 0.01). Observation under fluorescence microscope: the red fluorescence of mitochondria was dim or disappeared in bromoxynil-poisoned group while brightened in NAC-protected group but still dimmer than control group.

CONCLUSIONIn vitro, the mitochondrial RCR and the mitochondrial membrane potential are decreased after the mitochondria is incubated with bromoxynil, and NAC could improve it.

Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Electron Transport ; drug effects ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mitochondria, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitriles ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical efficacy of glucocorticoid combined with ulinastatin in the treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) in children.

METHODSA total of 104 children who were admitted and diagnosed with typical KD between January 2011 and December 2013 were assigned to ulinastatin group (methylprednisolone+ulinastatin; n=46) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) group (n=58) according to the severity of KD and the willingness of their parents. Observations for the two groups were performed to compare the changes in coronary artery diameter before and at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment, fever clearance time, retreatment condition, changes in white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (HB), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at 1 week and 3 weeks after treatment, and total in-hospital cost.

RESYLTSThere was no significant difference in the coronary artery diameter between the two groups before or at 1 week, 3 months or 6 months after treatment (P>0.05). All the patients (100%) in the ulinastatin group vs 83% in the IVIG group had a normal body temperature after 48 hours of treatment (P<0.01). Two patients (4%) in the ulinastatin group and 10 patients (17%) in the IVIG group received retreatment. Significant differences were observed in ESR, WBC, and HB between them (P<0.01). The total in-hospital cost in the ulinastatin group was significantly lower than that in the IVIG group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSFor children with KD, methylprednisolone combined with ulinastatin does not increase the risk of coronary artery aneurysm, decreases in-hospital costs, is superior in controlling laboratory markers and shortening the duration of fever during the acute phase compared with the IVIG therapy.

Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; administration & dosage ; Glycoproteins ; administration & dosage ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology

This study was to investigate the differential regulation of CCR5 expression on T cells in healthy donors after mobilization with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and analyze its correlation with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) so as to understand the possible mechanisms underlying rhG-CSF-induced immune tolerance. Sixty-eight related healthy donor and their corresponding recipient for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) were enrolled in this study. The expression of CCR5 on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the peripheral blood (PB) before and after mobilization were detected by using flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. According to the changes of CCR5 expression on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, the Sixty-two evaluable donors were divided into the downregulated and unchanged/upregulated (non-downregulated) groups, and the incidence of grades II to IV aGVHD in two groups were compared. The results showed that the mean value of CCR5 expression on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in PB was not different significantly after mobilization (P > 0.05). Apparent inconsistency was showed among different individuals. Thirty-four (50%) donors displayed downregulation of CCR5 expression, while 34 (50%) donors manifested unchanged or upregulated CCR5 expression on CD4(+) T cells. CCR5 expression on CD8(+) T cells was downregulated in 42 (61.8%), unchanged or upregulated in 26 (38.3%) donors. The cumulative incidence of grades II to IV aGVHD in the downregulated and non-downregulated groups for CD4(+) T cells were 16.1% and 41.9% (P = 0.032), and recipients with CCR5 downregulation on CD8(+) T cells showed an increased tendency of developing aGVHD (37.8% vs 16.0%, P = 0.065). In conclusion, rhG-CSF mobilization could lead to differential regulation of CCR5 expression on T cells, which might influence the migration of T cells in vivo, decrease T cell trafficking towards GVHD target organs, and thus reduce the incidence of aGVHD after transplantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Graft vs Host Disease ; pathology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, CCR5 ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of VEGF expression in osteosarcoma cell line and the target killing effect of HSV1-TK/GCV system on transfected osteosarcoma cells under hypoxia conditions.

METHODSEukaryotic expression plasmid with HRE promoter was constructed to express the antisense VEGF165 cDNA and Hygromycin phospho-transferase-thymidine kinase (HyTK) fusion gene. The recombinant vectors were then transfected into osteosarcoma cell line MG63 with lipofectin mediated gene transfer methods. PCR and RT-PCR were used to confirm the presence and expression of TK gene. The sensitivity of transfected cells to GCV and "bystander effect (BSE)" of HSV1-TK/GCV system under normoxia or hypoxia conditions were measured by MTT assay and mixed co-culture experiment. The expression of VEGF protein was detected by ELISA under hypoxia condition. Cell cycle phase distribution was determined by flow cytometry. In addition, electromicroscopy was used to document ultrastructural alterations.

RESULTSThe eukaryotic expression vector pBI-HRE-AsVEGF165 -HyTK was constructed successfully. The transfected cell line MG63TV was established and confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR of the presence of transgene and its mRNA expression. GCV was toxic to transfected cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The sensitivity to GCV toxicity was 100 times higher under hypoxia condition than that under normoxic condition. The mixed culture experiments showed that the "bystander effect" was enhanced significantly under hypoxia condition. VEGF expression of transgene cells under hypoxia condition decreased 50% compared to that of normal condition. Under hypoxia and GCV, DNA synthesis of MG63TV cells was inhibited along with an increase of cells at G0 approximately G1 phase, apoptosis and necrosis.

CONCLUSIONSAntisense VEGF expression driven by HRE promoter in combination with hypoxia can provide a target inhibition of VEGF expression in human osteosarcoma cells, with an enhanced selective killing effect and BSE of the HSV-TK/GCV system. The double-gene co-expression system in study provides experimental basis for therapy against osteosarcoma by a synchronous antiangiogenic and suicide gene approach.

Apoptosis ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bystander Effect ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; DNA, Neoplasm ; biosynthesis ; Ganciclovir ; pharmacology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; genetics ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Thymidine Kinase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEUtilizing the hypoxia inducible factor 1/hypoxia reaction element (HIF-1/ HRE) gene regulation system to construct antisense vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) cDNA eukaryotic expression vector promoted by HRE, and investigate its targeted inhibiting VEGF expression of osteosarcoma cells in hypoxia environment.

METHODSEukaryotic expression plasmid with HRE promoter was constructed containing luciferase reporter gene and antisense VEGF165 cDNA by using PCR and recombinant DNA techniques. The recombinant vectors were transfected into osteosarcoma cells with lipofectin method. Hypoxia-inducible reporter gene expression was determined by liquid scintillation analyzer and the expression of VEGF protein was detected by ELISA method.

RESULTSThe eukaryotic expression plasmid containing antisense VEGF165 and luciferase promoted by HRE was constructed successfully. After being transferred into MG63 cells, luciferase expression was increased 3.5 x 10(2) times and VEGF protein expression decreased 45% under hypoxia condition.

CONCLUSIONAntisense VEGF165 cDNA expression, efficiently realized by HRE promoter under hypoxia condition, provides an experimental basis for targeted antiangiogenesis of tumors.

Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; genetics ; Luciferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmids ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of CD44 a cell-matrix adhesion molecule on the proliferation, adhesiveness and invasiveness of osteosarcoma cell lines, in order to investigate the growth and invasion mechanism of osteosarcoma.

METHODSThree osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, HOS and U2-OS were routinely cultured. Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis were used for detecting the positive rates and relative amount of CD44 protein in the three cell lines. RT-PCR method was also used to compare the differences in the expression of CD44 mRNA among the 3 cell lines. Then, MTT method, adhesion detection, and Microcon-migration assay were used to detect the changes of the cells' proliferation rate, adhesive and invasive abilities after blocking the role of CD44 by using a special neutralizing antibody.

RESULTSThe results of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of CD44 positive cells were both over 99% in HOS and U2-OS, while that in MG-63 was only (2.10 +/- 0.46)%. The average fluorescence density of CD44 in HOS was significantly higher than in U2-OS. Western blot also showed that the relative content of CD44 protein in HOS was notably higher than that in U2-OS, while CD44 was negatively expressed in MG-63. The expression of CD44 mRNA was significantly lower in MG-63 than in both HOS and U2-OS, which were consistent with the expression of CD44 protein. The proliferation rates and adhesive abilities of MG-63 and HOS have no significant difference, but both were significantly higher than that of U2-OS. The invasive abilities of HOS was dramatically higher than MG-63 and U2-OS. After the role of CD44 was blocked by anti-CD44 neutralizing antibody, the proliferation rates of the 3 cell lines did not change significantly. While the HOS and MG-63 adhesion indices decreased dramatically (P < 0.05), the invasive abilities of HOS and U2-OS also decreased notably (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCD44 could promote the adhesiveness and invasiveness of osteosarcoma cell line HOS. CD44 may take part in promoting the process of U2-OS invasion and the adhesion of MG-63. On the other hand, CD44 could not affect the osteosarcoma cell proliferation rates.

Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) complicated with capillary leak syndrome (CLS) . Methods: The clinical and laboratory data of 87 sHLH patients, who were treated in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2017, were retrospectively analyzed. Depending on whether they were complicated with CLS, 21 sHLH patients were classified as the CLS-sHLH group, while 66 were classified as the non-CLS-sHLH group. The differences of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment and prognosis between the two groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in the etiology of sHLH between the CLS-sHLH group and the non-CLS-sHLH group (P>0.05) . The neutrophil, fibrinogen and albumin levels in the CLS-sHLH group were lower than those in the non-CLS-sHLH group, while the triacylglycerol levels were higher than those in the non-CLS-sHLH group (P<0.05) . Varying degrees of edema, weight gain, hypotension, hypoproteinemia, oliguria and multiple serous effusions were observed in the CLS-sHLH group. Among them, there were 15 patients that CLS get improved, and the medial time of improvement was 7 (5-14) days. The other 6 patients did not get remission, while they died within 6-30 days. The median overall survival of the CLS-sHLH group was lower than that of the non-CLS-sHLH group (75 days vs not reached, P=0.031) . Conclusions: There may be no correlation between the cause of sHLH and the occurrence of CLS. Severity of neutropenia, fibrinogen and albumin levels, and triglyceride levels may be accompanied for sHLH patients complicated with CLS. Patients with sHLH who complicated with CLS have a poor prognosis. Active treatment of HLH and its primary disease, reasonable fluid replacement and oxygen supply are crucial, which can effectively control disease progression.
Capillary Leak Syndrome ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) in patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH).

METHODSSerum HMGB-1 levels were determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 51 sHLH patients and 15 healthy contrlols. Other laboratory data, including soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sCD25), white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (Plt), fibrinogen (FIB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), triglyceride (TG), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum ferritin (SF), C reactive protein (CRP), and blood sedimentation rate (ESR) were also collected.

RESULTSSerum HMGB-1 levels in the newly diagnosed group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). Serum HMGB-1 levels in the newly diagnosed lymphoma-associated HLH (LHLH) group were significantly higher than that in non-HLH group, including infection-associated HLH (IHLH) and autoimmune-associated HLH (AHLH) group (P<0.05); The serum HMGB-1 levels in the clinical remission group were significantly lower than that in the newly diagnosed group (P<0.05), however, serum HMGB-1 was not decreased significantly in the progression/relapsed group, compared with the newly diagnosed group (P>0.05). Serum HMGB-1 levels in newly diagnosed sHLH patients positively correlated with sCD25 (r=0.62, P<0.01) and ESR (r=0.55, P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) for serum HMGB-1 levels of sHLH patients and healthy controls produced a cutoff value at 15.3 µg/L, with its 90% sensitivity and 99% specificity, respectively. In addition, an optimal cutoff value for HMGB-1 was 27.4 µg/L in the patients LHLH and non-HLH (AHLH+IHLH) with 96% sensitivity and 81% specificity, separately.

CONCLUSIONSerum HMGB-1 levels possesses an important clinically significance for disease diagnosis, differential diagnosis, evaluation of nosographic activity and treatment efficacy in the patients with sHLH.

C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fibrinogen ; analysis ; HMGB1 Protein ; blood ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; blood ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Leukocytes ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; blood ; Lymphoma ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Treatment Outcome