Restenosis is the major causee which leads to arterial occlusion and graft failure after vascular reconstruction.Thus to clarif the mechanism of restenosis is of great importance to prevent and treat postprocedural restenosis and improve long-term graft patency.Current studies on restenosis focus on elastic recoil,thrombosis,inflammatory reaction,neointimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling,herein,we reviewed literatures.

BACKGROUND:The number of patients in need of organ transplantation in China is increased by more than 10%per year. Due to the lack of voluntary donations, China is facing a more severe donor shortage than other countries. What are the specific reasons for the shortage of donor organs in China? What is the attitude toward organ donation in Chinese citizens? What factors are affecting the implementation of organ donation in Chinese citizens?
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of traditional Chinese ideas on the wil ing of Chinese citizens toward organ donation after death.
METHODS:By random cluster sampling, 900 persons selected from different social classes as research objects received questionnaire survey. Self-made questionnaire consisted of cognition, attitude and behavior of the public in face of organ donation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 55.16%of persons thought that the main purpose of organ donation was to help others, 24.22%thought that the main purpose of organ donation was a manifestation of social morality, 11.94%thought that organ donation was the continuation of their lives. (2) There were 70.00%who said donations should be used for the cause of organ transplantation, in order to save more lives, and the average score was 2.53 points;while the number of persons who proposed donor organs would be applied in medical teaching was similar to that in pathological anatomy, and the average score was 1.72 and 1.75, respectively. (3) 65.01%of the public supported cardiopulmonary death standard to judge death, 24.33%supported brain death standard to judge death, and moreover, 10.66%of people did not know what to take. (4) 50.52%of people thought that the main factors affecting the organ donation was traditional Chinese culture and ideas, fol owed by the donation program and family feelings. The study found that traditional Chinese culture and ideas are the main factor affecting organ donation in the public, most people think that cardiopulmonary death standard is better to judge death and that the main purpose of organ donation is to help others that organ donation should be applied firstly to organ transplantation in order to save more lives.

Objective To compare in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer( IVF-ET ) outcome of gonadotropin-releasing hormone( GnRH ) antagonist protocol and GnRH agonist long protocol in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS)and to provide reference for rational selection of ovulation stimulation protocol for PCOS patients. Methods One hundred and four patients with PCOS who underwent IVF-ET were randomly divided into two groups. In the study group,41 patients were subjected to the GnRH antagonist protocol;In the control group,63 patients were subjected to a long protocol of GnRH agonist. Doses and duration of gonadotropin therapy,the thickness of endometrium and the profile of hormone level on the day of HCG administration,the number of retrieved oocytes,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,the ratio of the good quantity embryos,implantation rate of embryo,pregnancy rate,the cycle cancellation rate and the incidence rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome( OHSS)were recorded. Results The IVF-ET outcome of the two groups was similar with respects to the number of oocytes,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,implantation rate of embryo and the pregnancy rate( P﹥0. 05). Significant differences were found(P﹤0. 05)between the two groups regarding to the doses and duration of gonadotropin therapy,the levels of serum E2 and LH on the day of HCG administration,and the cycle cancellation rate. The incidence rate of OHSS was not significantly different ( 2. 44% vs. 12. 70%) between the two groups. Conclusion The duration of gonadotropins administration,the cycle cancellation rate,incidence of OHSS and the financial burdern are reduced in patients treated with GnRH antagonist. The growth of follicle,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,implantation rate of embryo and the pregnancy rate are not different between the two methods. The GnRH antagonist protocol is optimal for patients with PCOS.

Objective To explore the influence of interbody fusion intervertebral fixation on adjacent joint degeneration in patients with lumbar diseases .Methods 56 patients with lumbar diseases who were taken interbody fusion intervertebral fixation were selected as the research subjects ,and the adjacent intervertebral joint degeneration in patients were followed up .Results 56 patients were followed up for 24-72 months,the average time was (41.2 ± 8.3)months.The new clinical symptoms were occurred in 12 cases(21.4%),including 8 cases of low back pain, 3 patients with leg pain,1 case of lumbocrural pain.Radiographic changes occurred in 9 cases(16.1%),9 cases of patients with new clinical symptoms ,including 5 cases of osteophyte formation or exacerbation ,2 cases for adjacent segment instability ( I degree of vertebral spondylolisthesis ) ,1 case of small joint hyperplasia stage spinal stenosis , 1 case of protrusion of intervertebral disc .In 9 patients with imaging performance ,internal fixation of upper adjacent segment degeneration in 7 cases,internal fixation of the adjacent segment degeneration in 2 cases.Conclusion Inter-body fusion intervertebral fixation in the treatment of lumbar diseases ,adjacent joint is prone to degeneration ,so the destruction of adjacent joint operation should be reduced .

Objective To investigate the feasibility and plan quality of the image-guided volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) based voluntary deep exhale breath-holding technique in the stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for liver tumors.Methods Fifteen patients with liver tumors were involved in this study.All patients were immobilized with voluntary deep exhale breath hold (vDEBH) combined with real-time position management (RPM) respiratory gating system.Treatment was planned using VMAT with 2 modified partial arc and re-planned using intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique for comparison.Dosimetric parameters were calculated for plan quality assessment.Quality assurance studies included absolute dose and multiple planar dose verifications,total monitor units and delivery time analysis.Daily cone beam computed tomography imaging was used to verify the motions.Results There were no significant dosimetric differences between VMAT and conventional IMRT plans (P ＞0.05).Both techniques were able to minimize doses to organs at risk including normal liver,kidneys,spinal cord,and stomach.However,the average monitor units with VMAT were significantly lower 28.1％ than those with IMRT(t =3.064,P ＜0.05).The average beam-on time in VMAT plans was 31.6％ shorter than that in IMRT plans(t =2.278,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The utilization of VMAT in the treatment planning of SABR for liver tumors under breath control mode has better dosimetrics.In comparison to conventional IMRT plans,VMAT plans have higher efficiency and feasibility.

Objective To study paraquat adsorbability of different field soils in Guangxi province of China. Methods HPLC method was adopted to measure the peak area of paraquat in three different media of four types of soils. Chromatographic column was Kromasil C18 column (4. 6 mm×200 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (including 0. 03 mol·L-1 sodium heptanesulfonate and 0. 24 mol·L-1 phosphoric acid) at a ratio of 397 (pH adjusted to 2. 0 by triethylamine). Detection wave length was 258 nm; column temperature was 25 ℃; the injection volume was 20 μL; flow rate was 0. 8 mL·min-1 . The peak areas of paraquat before and after being adsorbed were compared to calculate the adsorption rate of paraquat in different soils. Results All tested soil samples possessed the adsorption rate of paraquat over 99. 0%. Conclusion Four common field soils in Guangxi province can be used as temporary effective absorbents for the first-aid of paraquat poisoning.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced ; Trimethyltin Compounds ; poisoning

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the stir-bake with saltwater processing technology for Fujian Alismatis rhizoma,and es-tablish its HPLC fingerprint. METHODS:Using 23-acetyl alisol B,total triterpenoids contents and appearance as comprehensive in-dexes,single factor experiment and orthogonal test were employed,3 factors'levels including the quantity of salt,processing tem-perature and time were optimized. HPLC was used to develop fingerprints of 10 batches of Fujian Alismatis rhizoma at wavelength of 208,245 nm;the similarity between fingerprints and control profile was compared by using software. RESULTS:The optimal technology was as follow as 2 kg salt dissolved with 10 kg water for each 100 kg Fujian Alismatis rhizoma,moistening for 1 h, stir-frying for 8 minutes under 100 ℃. In verification test,the appearance of 3 batches of processed products were all in line with requirements,average comprehensive score was 93.94 (RSD=6.63%,n=3);23-acetyl alisol B and total triterpenoids contents were stable(RSD=7.41%,7.39%,n=3),respectively. Totally 17 and 10 common peaks were marked in 208 nm and 245 nm re-spectively;similarities of 10 batches of samples'fingerprints were higher than 0.9. CONCLUSIONS:Optimized stir-bake with salt-water technology is reasonable,feasible,and reproducible;the stability of common peaks of established fingerprints can conduct ef-fective quality evaluation for Fujian Alismatis rhizoma processed by saltwater.

Objective To study the local irritation of repeated intrathecal injection of Ziconotide Acetate,and to provide reference for irritancy evaluation ofintrathecal injection.Methods Sixteen New Zealand rabbits were assigned into two groupsat random:Control group and Ziconotide Acetate group,eight animals each group.Totally 50 μL saline or Ziconotide Acetate (100 μg/mL) were administrated by repeated lumbar intrathecal injection once daily for 7 d.Animal behavior was observed every day,and four animals in each group were sacrificed 2 d later after the last injection,the lumbar spinal cord was removed for histopathological examination and irritancy evaluation.The remaining animals were sacrificed for initancy evaluation 14 d later after the last injection.Results Only one animal died after anesthesia on day three in saline group,while no obvious adverse reactions were observed in other rabbits during the entire study,and no intrathecal irritant reactions of histopathological examination were found in both groups.The reversible minor mechanical damage was observed at the injection point,2 d after the last administration.Conclusion For 7 d repeated lumbar intrathecal injection in rabbits,no intrathecal irritant reactions observed in Ziconotide group,and the New Zealand rabbit could be used as a local irritation evaluation model.

Objective:To construct lentiviral vector specific for mouse B7-1 RNA interference and study lentivirus-mediated B7-1 gene silencing effects in L929 fibroblast cells.Methods:Three candidate sequences for B7-1 RNAi selected from coding sequence of mouse B7-1 transcription were used to design short hairpin RNA ( shRNA ) templates and then cloned into lentiviral expression plasmid followed with correctness identification of inserted sequence by DNA sequencing.Recombinant lentivirus were prepared by co-transfecting lentiviral expression vector and packaging plasmids into 293T cells.Then the resulting culture supernatant containing infectious lentiviral particles was pooled and centrifuged via ultra-centrifugation.Infectious titer of the preparations was determined by detecting the expression of GFP in 293T cells after transfected by lentivirus.Cultured L929 cells were transfected with lentivirus to deter-mine transduction efficiency and silencing efficacy of B7-1 expression by flow cytometry.Transducted L929 cells were then screened using puromycin to generate stable cell clones followed by flow cytometry analysis of GFP and B7-1 expression.A mixed reaction system consisting of stable B7-1 silencing L929 cells and mouse splenic T cells was used to analyze ability of the established cell line to trigger T cells proliferation.Results: Lentiviral expression vector for mouse B7-1 RNAi was correctly constructed with inserted sequences as designed.Recombinant RNAi lentivirus were prepared with titers ranging (3-5) ×108 TU/ml and efficacy to mediate GFP transgene expression and B7-1 silencing.B7-1 expression and the ability to trigger T cells proliferation of stable L929 cells were suppressed significantly ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: We generated lentiviral vector specific for mouse B7-1 RNAi with high performance of transduction efficiency as well as B7-1 silencing efficacy and the recombinant RNAi lentivirus can mediated stable B7-1 gene silencing in L929 cells and inhibition of T cells proliferation induced by B7-1/CD28 co-stimulatory signal.