Objective: To optimize the preparation process of tetrandrine dropping pills (TDP) and investigate the in vitro dissolution rate. Methods: Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to screen the critical factors in the preparation process of TDP from the ratio of matrix, ratio of matrix to drug, dropping temperature, dropping rate, dropping distance, and condensate temperature. The forming rate and weight variation of TDP were used as the evaluation index, the parameters in the preparation process of TDP were optimized by using the Box-Behnken response surface method. Moreover, the in vitro dissolution rate of TDP was compared with tetrandrine tablets by rotating basket method. Results: The Plackett-Burman experimental design results showed that the ratio of matrix, dropping temperature and condensate temperature had a significant effect on the forming rate of TDP. The optimum preparation parameters by Box-Behnken response surface method were as follows: the ratio of matrix was 2.6∶1, dropping temperature was 82.4 ℃ and condensation temperature was 7.5 ℃ with high forming rate, good roundness, stable weight, and fast drug dissolution rate of TDP. Conclusion: The quality of TDP by experimental design method can meet the requirements and can be further amplified.

Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the combined administration of herbal pair Euphorbia Pekinensis (DJ) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (GC) at different doses or ratios on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ascites in mice.METHODS A total of 120 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control, model, DJ-GC groups [ratios 1∶0.5, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶4], DJ-alone group and GC-alone group.HCC ascites model was constructed by inoculating H22 cells intraperitoneally.HCC ascites mice in the drug treatment groups were intragastrically administrated with corresponding doses of Euphorbia Pekinensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra for 12d, respectively.Then, the therapeutic effects of herbal pair DJ and GC acting on HCC acites was analyzed in terms of body weight, ascites volume, abdominal circumference and the index of liver and kidney.After that, the expressions of AQP2 and V2R were detected by Western Blot, and the level of ALT, AST, BUN, CR were detected by biochemical method.RESULTS When compared with model group, the DJ-alone group and DJ-GC 1∶2 group could efficiently reduced the ascites volume, abdominal, body weight (P<0.05~0.01) and the expression of aquaporin-2 and renal vasopressin receptors-2 in the kidney tissues (P<0.05~0.01).DJ-GC 1∶2 group could enhance the effect of DJ-alone group (P<0.05~0.01), while the DJ-GC 1∶4 group could reduce the effect of DJ-alone group (P<0.05~0.01).CONCLUSION The therapeutic effects of DJ on HCC were altered in accordance with its combination with GC at different ratios by being enhanced or weakened, which might be partially related to their regulation on aquaporin-2 and renal vasopressin receptors-2 signal axis.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria on the body weight of obese mice.

METHODSB. longum was transformed with pBBADs-OXM by electroporation, and arabopyranose-induced oxyntomodulin expression by the bacterium was detected by ELISA. pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria was administered orally obese mice on a daily basis with pBBADs-GFP-transformed bifidobacteria as the negative control, and the body weight changes of the mice were observed.

RESULTSOXM was detected by ELISA not only in the supernatant but also the precipitant of the transformed bacterial culture. The body weight of the obese mice fed with pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria decreased significantly compared with that of the mice in the obese model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAdministration of pBBADs-OXM-transformed B.longum can reduce the body weight of obese mice.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Appetite Depressants ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Bifidobacterium ; genetics ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Electroporation ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Obesity ; drug therapy ; Oxyntomodulin ; administration & dosage ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; biosynthesis ; genetics

A case of adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma is presented here. This adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma was found in a 27-year-old female 7 months after delivery. CT clarified that the tumor originated retroperitoneally and was large in size (11.4 cm x 9.4 cm). The tumor was surgically removed together with pancreatic body and tail, left kidney and spleen, and pathological diagnosis was adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma-intermixed. Adrenal ganglioneuroblastoma is extremely rare in adults, with only about 9 cases documented including this case.
Adrenal Glands ; Adult* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Ganglioneuroblastoma* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Spleen ; Tail

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and prognosis of hepatitis E virus ( HEV) su- perinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B ( CHB) ． Methods Electronic databases of Pubmed， CNKI，and Wanfang were searched，and references of the relevant articles for literatures associated with HEV superinfection in CHB patients in China published during 2008－2019 were screened． Studies which met the inclusion and exclusion criterias were selected and related data were pooled for analysis． The Ｒ 3. 5. 2 and Ｒevman 5. 3 were used to measure heterogeneity with the I2 statistic and pooled incidence and odds ratio ( OＲ) ． Ｒesults 28 literatures were eligible for inclusion． The results showed the rate of HEV superinfection in hospitalized CHB ( CHB-HEV) patients was 13. 6% ( 95%CI: 12. 5% －14. 9%) ． The pooled incidence of liver failure in CHB-HEV patients was 34. 7% ( 95%CI: 29. 6%－40. 1%) ，which was higher than CHB patients ( OＲ= 10. 9，95%CI: 6. 8－17. 4) ，CHB patients superinfected with hepatitis A virus ( CHB-HAV) ( OＲ= 3. 8，95%CI: 2. 4－6. 2) ，and hepatitis E patients ( OＲ= 5. 1，95%CI: 3. 8－ 6. 8) ． The pooled mortality of CHB-HEV patients was 13. 8% ( 95%CI: 10. 3－17. 8) ，which was higher than CHB patients ( OＲ = 8. 5，95%CI: 4. 0－18. 3) ，CHB-HAV patients ( OＲ = 14. 4，95%CI: 4. 8－ 42. 9) ，and hepatitis E patients ( OＲ= 4. 4，95%CI: 3. 0－6. 4) ． Conclusion In China，HEV sueperinfection on chronic hepatitis B patients are common，and is an important cause of liver failure and death．

AIM To establish a ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS) method for the simultaneous content determination of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Re,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1,ginsenoside Rd,taurine,taurocholic acid,cholic acid,glycocholic acid,glycodeoxycholicacid,chenodeoxycholic acid,deoxycholic acid and muscone in Pientzehuang (Bovis Calculus,Moschus,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,etc.).METHODS The analysis of methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Waters CORTECS UPLC C18column (100 mm × 2.1 mm,1.6 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1％ formic acid) flowing at 0.25 mL/min in a gradient elution manner.RESULTS Thirteen constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞0.998 5),whose average recoveries were 91.1％-105.3％ with the RSDs of 2.4％-4.6％.CONCLUSION This accurate,simple,sensitive and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of Pientzehuang.

Objective To purification the Acanthopanax glycosides of two kinds of main component with macroporous resin method to be control the standard of quality of Acanthopanax medicinal materials.Methods Eleutheroside B and Eleutheroside E were isolated and purified by macro-porous resin.Determination of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms of Eleuth-eroside B and Eleutheroside E content by HPLC , as a quality standard of Acanthopanax senticosus.Results The sample concentration is 0.5 g· mL-1, adsorption velocity 2 BV· h-1, 30% ethanol eluent, elution rate 1 BV· h-1.Dialysis treatment.Column:C18 (4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm);detection wavelength was 220 nm;mobile phase:water-acetoni-trile (0~10 min, 90∶10;10~30 min,90~80∶10~20 );flow rate:1.0 mL· min -1; Column temperature was 25 ℃.Conclusion The method of operation has good reproducibility which can be used as an effective method to control the quality of Acanthopanax senticosus harms.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of patented adjustable elevation pad (AEP) in the management of patients with fractures of lower extremities. Methods A total of 154 patients with acute fractures of lower extremities were recruited and randomized into three groups. Traditional pad, 10 cm AEP, and 13 cm AEP was used in each group. The patients with skeletal traction or suspected compartment syndrome were excluded. The calf circumference, swelling, pain, and comfort level were assessed after admission, and at 24 h (P ＞ 0. 05 ), 48 h , and 72 h subsequently. Results No significant difference was observed considering the change of calf circumference, swelling, or pain among groups during the first 24 h. At 48 h and 72 h,significant differences were found between the traditional pad group and the AEP groups including the change of calf circumference, swelling, or pain(P ＜0. 01 or P ＜0. 05). While groups treated with 10 cm AEP and 13 cm AEP showed no difference( P ＞0. 05 ). The AEP groups presented higher comfort levels than the traditional pad group at all the time points of assessment. Conclusions The patented adjustable elevation pad was testified to facilitate the release of swelling, decrease the rate of complication, help pain release, increase comfort levels and shorten the time of perioperative hospital stay.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pain management training to junior nurses' practice of pain assessment,to provide evidence for continuing education of pain management.Methods 60 junior nurses were randomly assigned to experimental group(30 cases) and the control group (30 cases).Nurses in control group received convention education,whereas nurses in experimental group received a pain management training for four weeks.The practice of pain assessment of two groups were compared after 4-week training.Results After training,the knowledge and attitude of pain management of nurses in experimental group scored an average of (29.20 ± 3.25),whereas the average score of nurses in control group is (16.83 ± 2.87).There was significance difference between two groups (t =-15.625,P ＜ 0.01) ; in terms of the contents of pain assessment,nurses in experimental group were more sufficient and more accurate (t =-14.726,P ＜ 0.01).Regarding the practice of pain assessment the mean score of nurses in experimental group and control group were (6.70±1.47) and (2.93 ±0.87).There was significant difference between two groups (t =12.11,P ＜0.01).For using pain assessment tool,the nurses in experimental group get 100.0％ correct rate,whereas nurses in control group get 30.0％ correct rate,which shows significant differences statistically (x2 =27.81,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The pain management training can improve nurses' pain knowledge,attitude,as well as promote the accuracy of nurses 'assessment practice consequently.