OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between serum high-sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP) and heart fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) on cardiac accidents in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP).

METHODSerum levels of hs-CRP, h-FABP, cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) were measured and cardiac accidents within 2 weeks after the test were observed in 74 patients (male 45) with stable AP (SAP) and 56 patients (male 29) with UAP.

RESULTSThe incidence of cardiac accidents was significantly higher in UAP group (26.8%) than that in SAP group (10.53%, P < 0.001). Serum hs-CRP [(7.64 +/- 2.18) mg/L vs. (1.78 +/- 0.62) mg/L, P < 0.001], h-FABP [(16.46 +/- 5.28) microg/L vs. (3.15 +/- 2.61) microg/L, P < 0.001] and cTn-I [(1.28 +/- 0.43) microg/L vs. (0.67 +/- 0.09) microg/L, P < 0.001] levels were also significantly higher in UAP group than those in SAP group. The serum hs-CRP and h-FABP levels for patients with cardiac accidents in the SAP group were (6.32 +/- 2.06) microg/L and (8.76 +/- 3.83) microg/L respectively, which were higher than those for the patients having no cardiac accidents in the control (P < 0.01). The serum hs-CRP, h-FABP, cTn-I and CK-MB levels in patients with cardiac accidents were significantly higher than those in patients without cardiac accidents in both SAP and UAP groups.

CONCLUSIONMeasuring traditional parameters for myocardial damage (cTn-I and CK-MB) in combination with hs-CRP and h-FABP is valuable for predicting the risk of recent cardiac accidents for AP patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angina, Unstable ; blood ; diagnostic imaging ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Coronary Angiography ; Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 ; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationships between the expression of transgelin in dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with hepatocellular carcinoma lysates and the functions of the DCs.

METHODSDCs derived from healthy human white blood cells were divided into 3 groups: one was pulsed with high metastatic potential hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (MHCC97H) lysates, one with lysates of a low metastatic potential cell line (MHCC97L), and one un-pulsed DCs served as the control. The morphology of the DCs was observed by confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The phenotypes of the DCs were detected by flowcytometric analysis. The mixed leucocyte reaction (MLR) test and IL-12 secretion of DCs in the supernatants of MLR were employed to determine the functions of the DCs; the expression of transgelin was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThere were no morphological changes in the different DCs, but the levels of HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, CD86, MLR and IL-12 and transgelin were significantly higher in the two pulsed groups than those in the control group (P less than 0.01). In MHCC97H pulsed DCs, their CD80, CD83, CD86, and the expression of transgelin were also higher than those in the control group (P less than 0.05). The expression of transgelin was significantly higher in the MHCC97H pulsed group than in the MHCC97L loaded group, but CD80, CD83, CD86 and the level of IL-12 were all lower in the MHCC97H loaded DC group in comparison with those in the MHCC97 pulsed group (P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of transgelin in DCs pulsed with HCC lysates is related to the functions of the DCs.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Muscle Proteins ; biosynthesis

To study the genetic characteristics of 123 type II non-wild polioviruses isolated from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in mainland China in 2010, provide the scientific basis for maintaining the "polio-free" status, and the switching use of polio vaccine for China. VP1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products were then sequenced. The sequence results were analyzed with Sequencher 4.8, BioEdit 7.0.9 and MEGA 5.0. Of 65 strains, nt2909 was found to be a mutation hotspot, and also a neurovirulence determinant in VP1 region. During 2010, two vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were isolated from Yunnan province, China and no wild poliovirus (WPV) was isolated. The epidemiological studies and laboratory results of the two VDPVs showed that they were newly discovered VDPVs because of the genetic difference from other VDPVs strains isolated in the world, implying the sensitive poliovirus surveillance network could timely detect the transmission of VDPVs and the importation of WPV.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Poliomyelitis ; virology ; Poliovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the role of preoperative serological indexes in predicting long-term survival and tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after liver transplantation, aiming to explore its significance in expanding the Milan criteria. Methods Clinical data of 669 recipients undergoing liver transplantation for HCC were retrospectively analyzed. The optimal cut-off value was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The risk factors affecting the overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates of HCC patients after liver transplantation were identified by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The correlation between preoperative serum liver enzymes and pathological characteristics in HCC patients was analyzed. The predictive values of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) combined with γ -glutamyl transferase (GGT) and different liver transplant criteria for the survival and recurrence of HCC patients after liver transplantation were compared. Results Exceeded Milan criteria, total tumor diameter (TTD) > 8 cm, AFP > 200 ng/mL and GGT > 84 U/L were the independent risk factors for the overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates of HCC patients after liver transplantation (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that preoperative serum GGT level was correlated with TTD, number of tumor, venous invasion, microsatellite lesions, capsular invasion, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage, Child-Pugh score and exceeded Milan criteria (all P < 0.05). Milan-AFP-GGT-TTD (M-AGT) criteria were proposed by combining Milan criteria, TTD with serum liver enzyme indexes (AFP and GGT). The 5-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates of HCC recipients who met the M-AGT criteria (111 cases of exceeded Milan criteria) were significantly higher than those who met Hangzhou criteria (both P < 0.05), whereas had no significant difference from their counterparts who met the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) criteria (both P > 0.05). Conclusions Preoperative serological indexes of AFP and GGT could effectively predict the long-term survival and tumor recurrence of HCC patients after liver transplantation. Establishing the M-AGT criteria based on serological indexes contributes to expanding the Milan criteria, which is convenient and feasible.

Objective Observe the effect of Ribavirin on reducing the EV71 replication, inactivating EV71 and protecting the RD-A cells against the EV71 infection in vitro. Methods Using the EV71 isolated from Anhui Fuyang HFMD outbreak, the effect of Ribavirin on RD-A cells during the EV71 infection was observed. Results In the experiment of Ribavirin inhibiting the EV71 replication, comparing with the no-Ribavirin-dealed virus control group, the group of 1:640 dilution of Ribavirin delayed the CPE for 2 days, while the normal cell group was growing very well. In the experiment of protecting cell from EV71 infection, comparing with the no-Ribavirin-dealed virus control group, the group of 1:8 dilution of Ribavirin delayed the CPE for 4 days. In the experiment of Ribavirin effect on the inactivation of EV71, the group of 1:40 dilution of Ribavirin delayed the CPE for 2 days comparing with the virus control group. Conclusion Ribavirin could inhibit the replication of the EV71 and inactivate the EV71 in vitro. Additionally, Ribavirin could protect RD-A cells from EV 71 infection. The observation will contribute to EV71 infection control and quick medicine therapy.

Objective To study the situation of 1-5 years old children's antibody against Coxsackieviras A group 16 strain( CVA16 )in Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China,2005, it can offer scientific evidences for preventing and controlling CVA16 causative hand-food and mouth disease. Methods Using microneutrilisation test, to study 503 serum samples randomly selected from sera collected in 2005.Resulte. Positive rate of anti-CVA16 antibody were 41.90%, 9.40%, 40.00% and 34.40% in Gnangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan and Xinjiang, respectively. Antibody titer was relative low( average, 1:6.1 ) and there was no statistical difference of geometry mean of antibody titer (GMT) among Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan ( F = 0.97,0.40, 1.06, respectively; P > 0.05 ), while there had statistical difference of GMT between Heilongjiang and other three regions ( F = 10.61, P < 0.00). Conclusions There had probably existed local epidemic in some regions of Gnangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005 or even before, but the area and degree of transmission and epidemic had difference. Children aged from 1-5 years old were relatively susceptible population of CVA16 infection.

In 2007, an outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) occurred in Beijing. In order to identify the etiology of this outbreak, 57 eye conjunctival swabs were collected from 57 outpatient patients, and detected for adenovirus, human enterovirus 70 (HEV70) and Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) genes by using RT-PCR or PCR methods. The results showed that 38 were positive for CVA24v, the positive rate was 66.7%, but none was positive for HEV70 and adenovirus, showing that this outbreak was caused by CVA24v. 9 viral isolates were obtained from 57 clinical specimens by using viral isolation method, and all were identified as CVA24v by molecular typing method. All 9 CVA24v isolates were performed by VP1 sequencing, the results showed that except for strain 0744/BJ/CHN/2007, the variability at nucleotide acid level and amino acid level among other 8 CVA24v were relatively low, and the homologies were more than 99.6% and 100.0%, respectively; the homologies of nucleotide acid and amino acid between strain 0744/BJ/CHN/2007 and other 8 CVA24v were 96.8%-97.2% and 99.7%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of 9 CVA24v revealed that they represented the Clade 4 and Clade 5 in Group I, showed that this outbreak was caused by at least 2 viral transmission chains. Comparing to 3C region of CVA24v frequently used before, VP1 region was considered as the most rigorous target for molecular epidemiology study of CVA24v. To enhance the research of sero-epidemiology and molecular epidemiology of CVA24v and to know the genetic characterizations and molecular evolution of CVA24v are most important to prevent and control the outbreaks of AHC in China.
China ; epidemiology ; Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic ; epidemiology ; virology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus C, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

In 2007, an outbreak of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) occurred in Jungar Banner, Erdos city, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Fever, vesicular exanthema on the hands, feet, mouth, and buttocks were presented in most of the patients. Most of the patients were infants less than 5 years old, and an obvious peak period appeared in the disease outbreak. From 28 hospitalized patients, 23 stool specimens and 6 throat swab specimens were collected for enterovirus isolation, and 15 enteroviruses were isolated, 9 were identified as Human Enterovirus 71 (HEV71, the isolation rate is 31.03%) and 1 was identified as Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16). According to the comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestation, epidemiology data and laboratory results, this outbreak was probably mainly caused by HEV71. The variability at nucleotide acid level and amino acid level among 9 HEV71 was relatively low, and the homology was more than 99.4% and 99.0% respectively, showing that this outbreak was caused by only one viral transmission chain. Phylogenetic analysis of 9 HEV71 strains isolated during this outbreak revealed that they all belonged to subgenotype C4, which has been continuously circulating in mainland China since its first reported occurrence in Shenzhen City in 1998. It was also suggested that subgenotype C4 HEV71 had a widely distribution and transmission in mainland China.
China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus ; physiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; physiology ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Whole genome sequencing of 9 type I circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) isolated in Guizhou Province in China revealed that reverse mutations did not occur in G-480 and U-525 which are known as the most important neurovirulence determinate sites, while other known neurovirulence determinate sites such as A-2438, A-2795, C-6203 and G-7441 did revert to Mahoney type. 5 type I cVDPVs were selected for neurovirulence test on PVR-Tg21 transgenic mice which express human poliovirus receptor gene based on their different nucleotide sequences, they all showed higher neurovirulence than P1/Sabin strain, and the neurovirulence of CHN8184 and CHN8229-1. 1 were comparable to that of wild type P1/Mahoney. The neurovirulence of CHN8229-1.1, CHN8229-2 and CHN8229-3 presented a trend of decreasing, but still laid in high level. There were 7 nucleotide mutations between CHN8229-1.1 and CHN8229-2, and only 2 between CHN8229-2 and CHN8229-3 in their whole genomes, but the neurovirulence among them were relatively different, showing that there must be some unknown neurovirulence determinate sites among these mutations. Computer predicted RNA secondary structure of stem-loop V of the poliovirus 5' NCR of Guizhou type I cVDPVs was relatively stable. In the situation that no reverse mutation occurred in G-480, some type I cVDPVs already showed high neurovirulence nearly equal to P1/Mahoney, it meant that the effect of G-480 point mutation that determined neurovirulence of P1/Sabin strain has been overestimated, G-480 was not the only important site to determine neurovirulence in P1/Sabin strain, others also may play the very important role. More details are needed to elucidate the mechanism of attenuation in type I polioviruses.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; China ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Phylogeny ; Point Mutation ; Poliomyelitis ; virology ; Poliovirus ; classification ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; RNA, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; Receptors, Virus ; genetics ; Virulence ; genetics