Aim To investigate the effects of ecdysterone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration of insulin. Methods The insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate was determined with ~3H-D-glucose uptake test which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell, and glucose consumption, the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined. Results The incubation of insulin resistance cells with ecdysterone 1?10~ -6 ～10~ -4 mol?L~ -1 could significantly increase the glucose uptake and glucose consumption of the cells compared with that of control cells(P0.05). Conclusion Ecdysterone could improve the insulin sensitivity in the cell model and can attenuate the aggression of insulin resistance. The effect to improve the insulin sensitivity with ecdysterone is similar to that with pioglitazone.

This article reviewed the appli ca tion of molecular biology technology, such as genomics, DNA labeling technology, and DNA microarray. The aim is to provide the reference for the modernization o f Chinese material medica.

Aim To investigate whether ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes or stimulate the secretion of insulin.Methods For glucose consumption studies,the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined.?TC3 cells were also used to monitor insulin secretion.Results The glucose concentrations decreased significantly by ecdysterone 1?10~(-6)～10~(-4) mol?L~(-1),while glucose consumption increased by 44%～77% with ecdysterone.Glucose consumption declined as its concentrations increased.Insulin had no effect on glucose-lowering of ecdysterone.?TC3 cells were not stimulated by ecdysterone.Conclusion Ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes which is insulin independent,but has no effect on insulin secretion.

Aim To establish insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration insulin in vitro culture and evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the cell model.Methods HepG2 cells were incubated with 5?10~(-7)mol?L~(-1) insulin for 16 h and insulin-stimulated()~3H-D glucose incorporation was determined.Then,insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell,and glucose consumption,the amountsof glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 hours was determined.The insulin resistance cells were incubated with pioglitazone 1?10~(-5) mol?L~(-1).Results It was demonstrated that the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was decreased significantly than that in the control cells.Insulin-resistant HepG2 cells were free from stimulation for 48 h by insulin,but the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose was lower than that in control cells.Incubation of insulin resistance cells with pioglitazone significantly increased glucose uptake and glucose consumption by the cells compared with that of the control cells(P

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the clinical symptoms, characterization of imaging technique and the effect of endonasal endoscopic surgery. METHOD: Following 38 cases of isolated sphenoid sinus disease patients, among whom 35 cases treated with nasal sinus CT (including 5 cases of MRI at the same time), 3 cases undergoing sinus MRI, 1 cases going through the CT cisternography. All patients underwent endoscopic sphenoid otomy, of which 33 cases underwent nasal olfactory cleft approach, 5 cases anterior ethmoid sinus and posterior ethmoid sinus approach (Messerklinger technology). RESULT: All patients were followed up for more than half a year, of which 34 were recoverd and 4 were improved. No obvious complications came up during or after endoscopic surgery. CONCLUSION Isolated sphenoid sinus disease clinical symptoms are not typicaland without specialty; nasal examination had no positive sign, only with headache as the chief neurological symptom, often difficult to diagnose at an early stage. The CT and MRI are the best methods for the diagnosis of isolated sphenoid sinusitis. The nasal endoscopic operation is the preferred method for treatment of this disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Laccase is one of the most important oxidoreductase with industrialization potential. However, due to the high cost and catalytic toxicity of laccase synthetic mediator, the laccase-mediator-system still cannot achieve industrialization. Therefore, searching for high efficient, environment-friendly, and cheap natural mediator from small molecule precursors or intermediates and degradation products of lignin has been considered as a hot research topic. Therefore, we introduce the type and catalytic mechanism of laccase mediator, the composition and separation of natural laccase mediator from water washed solution of steam exploded straw, black liquor and lignocelluloses degradation products during the fermentation of white-rot fungi. We also provide the theoretical and technical direction for exploring of high reactive of laccase natural mediators and achieving the oriented high-value utilization of lignocellulose degradation products.
Basidiomycota ; Fermentation ; Laccase ; chemistry ; Lignin ; chemistry ; Steam

Biomass is the most abundant organic macromolecules in nature, which is expected to achieve the brilliant of biorefinery equivalent to petroleum refining. However, it is considered as the future industry to human due to the complicated composition and transformation processes. The traditional lignocellulose bio-refining thoughts ignored the functional requirements of products, but spent a lot of energies to destruct macromolecule into small molecules, and then converted the small molecules into different products, which was high energy consumption and low atom economy. How to realize the biorefinery of lignocellulose is the key point and difficulty to achieve the biomass industry. An ideal biorefinery of lignocellulose should as far as possibly to obtain the maximum yield of each component, to maintain the integrity of the molecule, to optimize the utilization of raw materials and finally to realize the maximum value. Therefore, it requires the raw materials refining of lignocellosic biomass should be based on the relationship of structure, process transformation and related product characteristics. This special issue reports the latest advances in the fields of raw material refinery, refining technologies, conversion technologies of component.
Biomass ; Biotransformation ; Lignin ; chemistry

Objective:To investigate the clinical effects and safety of triple therapy based on ipratropium bromide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases ( AECOPD) . Methods:Totally 150 patients with acute exac-erbation of AECOPD were randomly divided into control group (75 patients) treated with budesonide combined with salbutamol by in-halation, and treatment group (75 patients) treated with ipratropium bromide inhalation additionally. The clinical effects, dyspnea score, pulmonary function index and blood gas analysis index before and after the treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results:The clinical effects of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0. 05). The dyspnea score, pulmonary function index in and blood gas analysis index in the two groups after the treatment were significantly better than those before the treatment(P<0. 05), and the improvement of the treatment group was significantly better than that of control group (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion:Triple therapy including ipratropium bromide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of AECOPD can ef-fectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs and improve the lung ventilation function without increased risk of adverse reactions.

Objective To study the features of clinic ,pathology and prognosis in children with steroid-resistant nephritic syn-drome(SRNS) .Methods Children with SRNS hospitalized in Division of Nephrology and Immunology in our hospital from January 2003 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively in clinic ,pathology and prognosis .Results 162 patients were investigated , which accounted for 10 .8% of children with Primary nephritic syndrome(PNS) ,and the mean age of onset was 6 .9 ± 3 .8 years old . Renal biopsy was performed in 132 patients ,60 of them showed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN) ,30 showed fo-cal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) ,19 showed minimal change disease(MCD) ,8 showed membranoproliferative glomerulone-phritis(MPGN) ,5 showed membranous nephropathy(MN) ,1 showed proliferative sclerosis glomerulonephritis(PSGN) .Patients with non-minimal change disease(non-MCD)had a significant prevalence of hematuria .The distribution of pathologic type among age groups and clinical classification was significantly different ,respectively(P<0 .05) .(2)132 patients were followed up ,58 of them were in complete remission ,26 were in partial remission ,15 were not in remission ,8 were dead ,and the mean time for com-plete remission was 15 months(3-84 .Prognosis correlated with pathologic type(P<0 .01) .Conclusion (1)There is a preponder-ance of non-MCD in children with SRNS ,and MsPGN and FSGS is the major pathologic type .Hematuria is a predictor of glucocor-ticoid resistance .(2)Children with SRNS have a long time proteinuria and poor prognosis .FSGS has a poor prognosis ,when com-pared with MsPGN .

Using the approaches of ontology, informatics and knowledge management, this paper explored and established ICF based ontology, concepts and terminology, classification, coding system and related knowledge management. The applications of ICF based infor-mation standard had been discussed in the areas of disability and rehabilitation assessment, clinical and rehabilitation information, Function-al Diagnosis Related Groups (fDRGs) and disability survey statistics and policy development.