Aim To establish insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration insulin in vitro culture and evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the cell model.Methods HepG2 cells were incubated with 5?10~(-7)mol?L~(-1) insulin for 16 h and insulin-stimulated()~3H-D glucose incorporation was determined.Then,insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell,and glucose consumption,the amountsof glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 hours was determined.The insulin resistance cells were incubated with pioglitazone 1?10~(-5) mol?L~(-1).Results It was demonstrated that the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was decreased significantly than that in the control cells.Insulin-resistant HepG2 cells were free from stimulation for 48 h by insulin,but the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose was lower than that in control cells.Incubation of insulin resistance cells with pioglitazone significantly increased glucose uptake and glucose consumption by the cells compared with that of the control cells(P

Aim To investigate the effects of ecdysterone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration of insulin. Methods The insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate was determined with ~3H-D-glucose uptake test which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell, and glucose consumption, the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined. Results The incubation of insulin resistance cells with ecdysterone 1?10~ -6 ～10~ -4 mol?L~ -1 could significantly increase the glucose uptake and glucose consumption of the cells compared with that of control cells(P0.05). Conclusion Ecdysterone could improve the insulin sensitivity in the cell model and can attenuate the aggression of insulin resistance. The effect to improve the insulin sensitivity with ecdysterone is similar to that with pioglitazone.

This article reviewed the appli ca tion of molecular biology technology, such as genomics, DNA labeling technology, and DNA microarray. The aim is to provide the reference for the modernization o f Chinese material medica.

Aim To investigate whether ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes or stimulate the secretion of insulin.Methods For glucose consumption studies,the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined.?TC3 cells were also used to monitor insulin secretion.Results The glucose concentrations decreased significantly by ecdysterone 1?10~(-6)～10~(-4) mol?L~(-1),while glucose consumption increased by 44%～77% with ecdysterone.Glucose consumption declined as its concentrations increased.Insulin had no effect on glucose-lowering of ecdysterone.?TC3 cells were not stimulated by ecdysterone.Conclusion Ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes which is insulin independent,but has no effect on insulin secretion.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the clinical symptoms, characterization of imaging technique and the effect of endonasal endoscopic surgery. METHOD: Following 38 cases of isolated sphenoid sinus disease patients, among whom 35 cases treated with nasal sinus CT (including 5 cases of MRI at the same time), 3 cases undergoing sinus MRI, 1 cases going through the CT cisternography. All patients underwent endoscopic sphenoid otomy, of which 33 cases underwent nasal olfactory cleft approach, 5 cases anterior ethmoid sinus and posterior ethmoid sinus approach (Messerklinger technology). RESULT: All patients were followed up for more than half a year, of which 34 were recoverd and 4 were improved. No obvious complications came up during or after endoscopic surgery. CONCLUSION Isolated sphenoid sinus disease clinical symptoms are not typicaland without specialty; nasal examination had no positive sign, only with headache as the chief neurological symptom, often difficult to diagnose at an early stage. The CT and MRI are the best methods for the diagnosis of isolated sphenoid sinusitis. The nasal endoscopic operation is the preferred method for treatment of this disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Laccase is one of the most important oxidoreductase with industrialization potential. However, due to the high cost and catalytic toxicity of laccase synthetic mediator, the laccase-mediator-system still cannot achieve industrialization. Therefore, searching for high efficient, environment-friendly, and cheap natural mediator from small molecule precursors or intermediates and degradation products of lignin has been considered as a hot research topic. Therefore, we introduce the type and catalytic mechanism of laccase mediator, the composition and separation of natural laccase mediator from water washed solution of steam exploded straw, black liquor and lignocelluloses degradation products during the fermentation of white-rot fungi. We also provide the theoretical and technical direction for exploring of high reactive of laccase natural mediators and achieving the oriented high-value utilization of lignocellulose degradation products.
Basidiomycota ; Fermentation ; Laccase ; chemistry ; Lignin ; chemistry ; Steam

Biomass is the most abundant organic macromolecules in nature, which is expected to achieve the brilliant of biorefinery equivalent to petroleum refining. However, it is considered as the future industry to human due to the complicated composition and transformation processes. The traditional lignocellulose bio-refining thoughts ignored the functional requirements of products, but spent a lot of energies to destruct macromolecule into small molecules, and then converted the small molecules into different products, which was high energy consumption and low atom economy. How to realize the biorefinery of lignocellulose is the key point and difficulty to achieve the biomass industry. An ideal biorefinery of lignocellulose should as far as possibly to obtain the maximum yield of each component, to maintain the integrity of the molecule, to optimize the utilization of raw materials and finally to realize the maximum value. Therefore, it requires the raw materials refining of lignocellosic biomass should be based on the relationship of structure, process transformation and related product characteristics. This special issue reports the latest advances in the fields of raw material refinery, refining technologies, conversion technologies of component.
Biomass ; Biotransformation ; Lignin ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the perioperative use of antibiotics in patients with acute appendicitis.METHODS:The perioperative use of antibiotics in 330 surgery patients with acute appendicitis from Jan.2003 to July 2006 in a 3-A grade hospital was analyzed retrospectively in respect of drug variety,DDDs,drug combination,administration etc.RESULTS:A total of 6 groups(25 kinds)of antibiotics were used in all the 330 cases,of whom,8(2.42%)used single kind,259(78.48%)used two kinds concomitantly,and 63(19.09%)used 3 kinds concomitantly;43(13.03%)used antibiotics rationally,and 287(86.97%)used antibiotics irrationally;61.21% were not given antibiotics before operation.The average medication time for patients without preoperative use of antibiotics was 8.68 d vs.7.53 d for those with preoperative use of antibiotics,showing significant differences between the two groups(P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the concentration determination of catecholamines in human urine. METH-ODS:After extracted by aluminum oxide,using 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine as internal standard,HPLC-electrochemistry was per-formed on the column of Shim-Pack C18 with mixed solution [every 500 ml mixed solution containing ion-pairing reagents(octane sulfonate) 0.5 mmol,methanol 10 ml,0.06 mmol/L Di-n-butylamine 50 μl,sodium acetate anhydrous 2.0 g,citric acid 5.5 g, EDTA-Na2 60 mg and sodium chloride 584.4 mg,pH=3.5] at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min,column temperature was 30 ℃,detection voltage was 750 mV,and injection volume was 40 μl. RESULTS:The linear ranges were 3.125-100 ng/ml for both norepinephrine (r=0.998 5)and epinephrine(r=0.999 2),lower limits of quantitation were 3.125 ng/ml;RSDs of within days and daytime were lower than 10%,method recoveries were 99.2%-101.6% and 98.9%-100.5%,extraction recoveries were 63.8%-66.8% and 60.5%-62.6%. CONCLUSIONS:The method shows strong specificity,high sensitivity and low detection cost,and can be used for the concentration determination of catecholamines in human urine.

Objective To explore flora of patients with recurrent oral ulcer,to analyze the relationship between oral microecology and recurrent oral ulcer.Methods The saliva of 20 patients with recurrent oral ulcer,21 patients with recurrent oral ulcer healing,20 healthy volunteers were collected.Gb marked as gram-negative bacilli,Gb+marked as gram-positive bacteria,Gc marked as gram-negative cocci,Gc+ as standard standard of Gram-positive cocci.The oral flora was quantitatively analyzed.Neisseria,Streptococcus,Wei Rongshi bacteria content in the saliva were analyzed in the three groups.The oral microecology changes was studied.Results Wei Rong bacteria and streptococci content value in the ulcer group were significantly lower than the healthy control group (P ＜ 0.05).Neisseria and Wei Rong bacteria content between healing group and ulcer group had significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).A streptococci value of the healing group was significantly lower than the healthy control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Recurrent oral ulcer has correlation with oral microecology,Wei Rongshi bacteria content is closely related with the incidence of recurrent oral ulcer and may maintain the stable of oral environment.