BACKGROUND:Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) can inhibit lipid peroxidation after rat brain injury. However, the trend of 5-lipoxygenaseis (5-LOX) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) in model of Parkinson’s disease, and whether CAPE protects against rotenone-induced cel ular injuries by inhibiting the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs stil need further research.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of CAPE on the rotenone-induced Parkinson-like injury, and to determine whether 5-LOX involved.
METHODS:(1) PC12 cel s in good-growth were col ected and divided into five groups cultured with different concentrations of rotenone (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10μmol/L). 24 and 48 hours later, changes of cel ular morphology and activity were observed to single out the optimum concentration of rotenone;at 24 hours, the levels of 5-LOX and CysLTs were detected by western blotting and ELISA, respectively. (2) PC12 cel s were pretreated with different concentrations of CAPE (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) for 30 minutes, and 1 μmol/L rotenone was then added. The other cel s received no intervention as blank control group. Subsequently, the cel activity was detected, and the CysLTs production was detected by ELISA at 24 hours.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Rotenone (0.1-10μmol/L) could induce PC12 cel injury with overt morphological and cel activity changes at 24 hours, especial y the 1 μmol/L rotenone. (2) Rotenone also significantly increased the 5-LOX expression and CysLTs production in a concentration-dependant manner. (3) CAPE (1-10μmo/L) significantly attenuated rotenone-induced CysLTs production and cel viability reduction in a concentration-dependant manner. (4) These results suggest that CAPE protects against PC12 cel injuries in the model rat with Parkinson’s disease induced by rotenone involving 5-Lox.

Objective:To discuss the role of incision for short-term outcomes of simultaneous resection in synchronous colorec-tal liver metastases (sCRLM). Methods:We reviewed the data of 37 patients who underwent simultaneous resection between January 2009 and December 2014 in our department and compared the short-term outcomes between Mercedes and midline incisions. Results:Mercedes and midline incisions were used in 19 and 18 patients, respectively. The two groups showed similarities in patient characteris-tics, major hepatectomy, surgery time, blood loss, and hilar block time. The midline group comprised more rectal cancer patients (P<0.001). The two groups did not differ significantly in complication incidence (47.4%vs. 16.7%, P=0.08) and postoperative stay time (22.1 ± 9.5 d vs. 17.2 ± 6.7 d, P=0.08). At body mass index (BMI)<25, the complication incidence (P=0.046) and postoperative stay time (P=0.051) were lower in the midline group than in the Mercedes group. Conclusion:Midline incision provided similar exposure in simultaneous resection for sCRLM and was better than Mercedes incision in rectal cancer patients. Patients with midline incision may attain better short-term outcomes if BMI is<25.

Aged ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; secondary

Objective: To establish the quality standard for Zhike Qutan oral liquid.Methods: A TLC method was used for the qualitative identification of Platycodonis Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;the content of belamcandin in Belamcandae Rhizoma was determined by an HPLC method on a Waters Symmetry C 18 column(150 mm× 4.6 mm , 3.5 μm)with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water (14∶86), the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 35℃ and the detection wavelength was 265 nm.Results: The TLC spots were clear without interference from the negative control.The linear range of belamcandin was 0.115-2.880 μg (r=0.999 9),and the average recovery was 92.44% (RSD=1.83% , n =6).Conclusion: The method is simple and rapid with good reproducibility, which can be used for the quality control of Zhike Qutan oral liquid.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Qingre Liyan Decoction (QRLYD) in the prevention and treatment of acute radiative oral mucositis (AROM), and to explore the mechanism of QRLYD by detecting epidermal growth factor (EGF) and T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, and CD8).

METHODSSixty patients conforming with the standard were randomly assigned to two groups, 30 patients in each group. Patients in the trial group were treated with QRLYD, and those in the control group were treated with Dobell's solution, both groups receiving conventional radiation treatment. The treatment course for both groups was 6 weeks on average. Blood routine test, CD3, CD4, and CD8 in the peripheral blood and EGF in the saliva were detected one day before and on the 14th and 28th day of radio-therapy.

RESULTSPatients in the trial group were in good condition with normal spirits and intake of food and drinks. The incidence of AROM is lower and the effect in preventing AROM is higher in the trial group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The EGF in saliva, and CD4 and CD8 in the blood of patients in the trial group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONQRLYD can cure and prevent AROM. The mechanism may be related with its effects in enhancing body immunity and promoting salivary EGF.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Carcinoma ; radiotherapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; blood ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; adverse effects ; Platelet Count ; Radiation Injuries ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Stomatitis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; prevention & control ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo discuss the clinical characteristics and treatments for chondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and the skull base.

METHODSThe clinical characteristics of chondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and skull base in 7 patients underwent endoscopic surgeries between 2001 and 2008 were analyzed. Of the patients, 4 men and 3 women. The patients' age ranged from 18 to 47 years, with a median of 31 years.

CLINICAL SYMPTOMSstuffy, nose bleeding, runny, headache, diplopia, eye outreach limited, blurred vision and even blindness. Surgery methods: under nasal endoscopy, after the attachment sites of the tumors to normal tissues were confirmed, the tumors were peeled off along the clear boundary between the tumors and normal tissues, and the potential residual tumor tissues on bones were cleared by a drill.

RESULTSThe patients were followed up postoperatively for 24 to 108 months, with a median of 36 months. Five of 7 patients were no recurrence, 2 were alive with tumor.

CONCLUSIONSChondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and skull base can be treated by nasal endoscopic surgery, with good clinical outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Chondrosarcoma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the brain pathological changes following exdogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) intraventricular transplantation in neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), and to explore the feasibility of NSCs transplantation for the treatment of PVL in premature infants.

METHODSNSCs were prepared from E14 embryonic rat brain. Two-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into six groups: PVL, PVL+culture medium, PVL+NSCs, sham operation, sham operation+culture medium, and sham operation+NSCs (18-21 rats each group). Intraventricular transplantation of exdogenous NSCs was performed 72 hrs after PVL induction or sham operation. The cerebral pathological evaluation was undertaken by light microscopy 7, 14 and 21 days after transplantation.

RESULTSThe pathological changes in the cerebral white matter were gradually improved with the prolonged time after transplantation. After 21 days of transplantation, 50% of the cerebral white matter showed mild pathological changes and 50% of that showed severe pathological changes, with neuronal pathological scores of 1.28+/-0.86, in the untreated PVL group. In the PVL+NSCs group, 30% of normal white matter, 40% of mild and 30% of severe pathological changes in the white matter were observed, with neuronal pathological scores of 0.32+/-0.16, 21 days after transplantation. There were very significant differences in both of pathological changes in the cerebral white matter and neuronal pathological scores between the PVL and PVL+NSCs groups (x2=10.7, P<0.01; F=29.664, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIntraventricular transplantation of exdogenous NSCs can apparently improve cerebral white matter damage. It is suggested that intraventricular transplantation of NSCs is of a great potential feasibility for the treatment of PVL in premature infants.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; pathology ; therapy ; Neurons ; cytology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cell Transplantation

BACKGROUNDGingerol is the generic term for pungent constituents in ginger, which has been reported to be effective for inhibiting vomiting. We attempted to investigate the antiemetic effect of gingerol and its effective mechanism on substance P and NK(1) receptors in minks.

METHODSThe antiemetic effect of gingerol was investigated during a 6-hour observation on a vomiting model in minks induced by cisplatin, (7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). The distribution of substance P and NK(1) receptors in the area postrema and ileum were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of NK(1) receptor in the area postrema and ileum were measured by Western blotting.

RESULTSThe frequency of cisplatin induced retching and vomiting was significantly reduced by pretreatment with gingerol in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Substance P-immunoreactive was mainly situated in the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum as well as in the neurons of the area postrema. The immunoreactive production of NK(1) receptor was mainly situated in the muscular and submucosa of ileum and the neurons of area postrema, gingerol markedly suppressed the increased immunoreactivity of substance P and NK(1)1 receptor induced by cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), and exhibited effective inhibition on the increased expression levels of NK(1) receptor in both the ileum and area postrema dose-dependently (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGingerol has good activity against cisplatin-induced emesis in minks possibly by inhibiting central or peripheral increase of substance P and NK(1) receptors.

Animals ; Area Postrema ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Catechols ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatty Alcohols ; therapeutic use ; Ileum ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mink ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Vomiting ; chemically induced ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo establish a reliable neonatal rat model of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) which is expected to be similar to PVL of human preterm infants pathologically, and to explore the concomitant eye lesions in the PVL model.

METHODSTwo-old-day neonatal rats were randomly divided into a PVL group and a sham-operated group (n=19 each). The PVL model was established by the ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries, followed by a 30-min exposure to 8% oxygen. The cerebral infarction area was assessed with TTC staining 1 day after operation. Cerebral pathology was examined under a light micsrocope 2 and 21 days after operation. The examinations of eyes under a slip lamp and the pathology of eyeballs under a light microscope were performed 21 days after operation.

RESULTSThe TTC staining cerebral slices showed there were extensive white areas of infarction in the brain of the PVL group, with an infarction area of 53.45 +/- 33.90 mm3 and a percentage of infarction of (24.98 +/- 15.44)% . Significant cystic necrosis and apoptosis around the periventricular and subcortical white matter and mild damage in cortical neurons were observed in the PVL group 2 days after operation. The more obvious cystic necrosis around the periventricular area was found in the PVL group 21 days after operation. There were no pathological changes in the brain of the sham-operated group. All of rats in the PVL group had bilateral cataracts, however, no pathological changes were observed in their postbulbar tissues. The sham-operated group did not show eye abnormal.

CONCLUSIONSThe PVL animal model that was similar to PVL of human preterm infants pathologically was successfully established by the ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries, followed by 30-min hypoxia exposure, with a positive effect and a good repeatability. Cataract can also be induced by the method.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; pathology ; Cataract ; etiology ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; complications ; Infant, Newborn ; Leukomalacia, Periventricular ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical results of dental implant treatment with platform switching technique in esthetic zone and to investigate its technical characteristics.

METHODSSeventeen patients who were partially edentulous in esthetic zone were included and received a total of 26 Frialit-2 system implants in Center of Dental Implantation, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January to December 2001, and the platform switching technique was applied. The mean follow-up time was 56.3 months (24 to 74 months). Clinical examination and X-ray were conducted.

RESULTSClinical results of all implant restoration that used platform-switched abutments were satisfied. No implant loss or other severe complications occurred. The medians of marginal bone loss 1 year and 5 years after final restoration was 0.13 (-0.12 - 0.55) mm and 0.27 (-0.04 - 0.77) mm respectively. The medians of interimplant crestal bone resorption was 0.14 (0.00 - 0.30) mm and 0.21 (0.09 - 0.31) mm after 1 year and 5 years' functional loading respectively. According to Jemt classification of papilla, 23 sites reached II degree, and 10 sites reached III degree among 36 sites 5 years after prostheses. The mean value of pink esthetic score (PES) was 11.8 (10 - 14).

CONCLUSIONSPlatform switching is a simple and reliable technique for dental implant treatment, helping to control marginal bone loss and ensure an esthetic results in the esthetic zone.

Adult ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; surgery ; Dental Implantation ; methods ; Esthetics, Dental ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult