Aim To study pharmacokinetics and bioavailablity of domestic penicillin V dispersion tablet in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, each volunteer in two groups was orally given a single dose ( 0.75 g ) of domestic penicillin V dispersion tablet or imported penicillinV tablet alternately and the plasma concentrations were determined by RP HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by using ATPK program and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model. Results After a single oral dose( 0.75 g ), the t 1/2(ke) was ( 0.75 ? 0.10 ) h and ( 0.70 ? 0.14 ) h ,the c max was( 8.44 ? 2.40 ) mg?L -1 and ( 8.75 ? 3.04 ) mg?L -1 at ( 0.56 ? 0.11 ) h and ( 0.63 ? 0.17 ) h and AUC 0～4 was( 8.44 ? 2.40 ) mg?h?L -1 and ( 8.75 ? 3.04 ) mg?h?L -1 for two formulations, respectively. Relative bioavailability of domestic penicillin V dispersion tablet was ( 90.50 ? 8.84 )%. Conclusion The result shows that the two formulations are bioequivalent.

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in cytokine IL-6, IL- 10 genes and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 381 cases with HBV-related HCC, 340 HBsAg carriers and 359 non-tumor controls. Genotypes of-572 site of IL-6 gene and-819, -592 sites of IL-10 gene were determined by real-time polymorphism chain reaction. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95 confidence intervals(C/s). Results For the G/C alleles of -572 loci on IL-6 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, GG genotype increased the risk of HBV infection (OR=2.171,95% Ch 1.068-4.415), but did not seem to be associated with HCC. For the alleles of-819 and -592 site of IL-10 gene, there were significant differences between the three groups(P＜0.05). Compared with CC genotype, TT genotype increased the risks of both HCC(OR=2.791,95%CI:1.326-5.874), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(0R=3.522,95%CI: 1.707-7.266). When compared with CC genotype on -592 site, the AA genotype reduced the risk of both HCC(OR=0.389, 95% CI:0.173-0.875), and HCC in HBsAg carriers(OR=0.336, 95% CI: 0.154-0.734). Conclusion The SNPs in -572 site of IL-6 gone might be associated with the risk of HBV infection. The SNPs in -819 site of IL-10 gene increased the risk of HCC, but -592 site of IL-10 gene decreased the risk of HCC.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of vagus nerve preserving pericardial devascularization plus subtotal splenectomy in treating portal hypertension with a history of variceal bleeding.Methods The clinical data of 33 cases of portal hypertension with variceal hemorrhage treated with vagus nerve preserving selective pericardial devascularization plus subtotal splenectomy from April 2004 to December 2013 (study group) were compared with that of 34 cases treated with pericardial devascularization plus splenectomy (control group).Results There was no mortality in two groups.The postoperative gastric drainage during the first 72 h were(1 525 ±30) ml in the study group and (2 130 ±40) ml in control group(P ＜0.05).Portal vein thrombosis developed in one case in the study group and 15 cases in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative 3-year recurrent gastroesophageal varices hemorrhage was 15％ in the study group and 25％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative 5-year variceal hemorrhage recurrence rate were 28％ in the study group and 30％ in the control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Maitaining vagus nerve selective pericardial devascularization plus subtotal splenectomy is of less postoperative complication and lower portal vein thrombosis rate and better patients' survival compared with pericardial devascularizatim plus total splenectomy.

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.04.005

AIM: To analyze the difference of endonuclease domain containing 1 (ENDOD1) expression be-tween benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) tissues and prostate cancer ( PCa ) tissues and to investigate the effect of ENDOD1 on the biological function of human prostate cancer cells .METHODS: The BPH samples ( n=20 ) and PCa samples (n=21) were processed and analyzed according to the instruction of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.The mRNA and protein levels of ENDOD 1 in the normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells were evaluated by RT -qPCR and Western blot , respectively .The recombinant plasmids pCMV-N-Flag-ENDOD1 was constructed and was trans-fected into the human prostate cancer cells .The proliferation , apoptosis , migration and invasion abilities of the prostate cancer cells were evaluated by MTT assay , flow cytometry, Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays , respectively. RESULTS:The analysis of variance of the immunoreactivity score showed that PCa tissues with high Gleason score dis -played significantly lower ENDOD1expression than that with low Gleason score and BPH (P<0.05).The expression of ENDOD1 at mRNA and protein levels in PC3 cells and DU145 cells was significantly lower than that in the LNCap cells (P<0.05).The proliferation of DU145 transfected with ENDOD1 was inhibited.The flow cytometry indicated that ENDOD1 over-expression in the DU145 cells resulted in a notable increase in G0/G1 phase arrest (P<0.05), but the ap-optotic rates showed no statistical difference .The results of Transwell assay showed that migration and invasion abilities of the cells were also inhibited after transfection with over-expressing ENDOD1 plasmid (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of ENDOD1 significantly decreased in prostate cancer with high Gleaon score .Meanwhile, the ENDOD1 is spe-cifically down-regulated in androgen independent prostate cancer (AIPC) cell lines.Over-expression of ENDOD1 remark-ably inhibits the proliferation , migration and invasion abilities of AIPC .

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

Objective To study the effects of Androsace umbellata extract on bone wound healing in rats.Methods A total of 32 rats were selected,and the rat femur bone trauma model was established.The Androsace umbellata was administrated to rats in treatment groups (including high-dose Androsace umbellata group and low-dose Androsace umbellata group,8 rats in each group)continuously for 10 days,while rats in the fake operation control group (8 rats)and bone trauma model group (8 rats) were treated with corresponding volume of solvent by body weight.The growth of body weight and wound healing of rats were recorded.The serum levels of calcium and phosphorus,activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP),bone density and bone biomechanics were examined.The X-ray photograph was carried out to observe the effects of Androsace umbellata on bone wound healing,Results Compared with the bone trauma model group,serum levels of calcium and phosphorus,calcium-phosphorus product and activity of ALP were significantly increased in treatment groups,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).Compared with the bone trauma model group,bone density of trauma place in the high-dose Androsace umbellata group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),bending energy in the low-dose Androsace umbellata group was increased (P＜0.05),while no statistically significant difference was found in the other skeletal biomechanical properties (P＞0.05).The results of X-ray films indicated that the treatment groups shown better effects on bone wound healing compared with the bone trauma model group.Conclusion Androsace umbellata extract could effectively promote bone wound healing in rats.

To study the relationship between the interleukin (IL)6 -572G/C polymorphism and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in men.A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 500 male HCC patients without tumor history in other organs and 590 healthy male controls without history of tumors or chronic diseases. All HCC cases were diagnosed by histopathology. The controls were recruited from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Ophthalmology at the same hospital. The IL-6 promoter -572G/C polymorphism and its genotype variants were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The Chi-squared test and unconditional logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the risk of HCC among men carrying the different genotype variants.The frequencies of alleles and distribution of genotypes in the -572G/C loci were not significantly different between the HCC cases and controls (P more than 0.05). The Chi-squared test indicated that the polymorphisms of the loci were not associated with HCC in our male population. However, after adjusting by multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) of HCC for the G allele (CG + GG genotypes) carriers was 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00 - 1.71) compared with the CC genotype. Among the male HBV carriers, the CG genotype increased HCC risk significantly (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.14 - 2.24) compared with the CC genotype. A trend test indicated that HCC risk was significantly increased with the numbers of G alleles (P trend less than 0.05). Breslow-Day tests of homogeneity of the ORs indicated an interaction between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and polymorphisms of IL-6 (P less than 0.05). The synthetic odds ratio (OReg) of HBV infection and harboring a G allele was 5.95 (95% CI: 3.99-8.87), which represented a super multiplication interaction.Polymorphism of the IL-6 promoter -572 loci may be associated with HCC occurrence in men. Moreover, there is a super multiplication interaction for HCC risk between HBV infection and harboring the IL-6 G allele.
Adult ; Alleles ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Risk Factors

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDPrevious studies showed that the prognostic factors for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder varied with the findings of different cohorts. Few multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for superficial bladder tumors have been reported in China and bladder preservation as a prognostic index of superficial bladder tumors is limited and scarce in Chinese patients. This study was conducted to analyze a group of risk factors for prognostic outcomes for patients with primary superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

METHODSBetween January 1980 to December 2000, 198 patients [172 men and 26 women; mean age (52.98 +/- 11.28) years] with primary superficial transitional cell carcinoma who were pathologically classified as Ta or T1 in Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital (Changsha, China) were enrolled in this study. Surgical methods included local resection and electric coagulation of bladder tumors, transurethral resection of bladder tumors and partial cystectomy. After initial surgical treatment, patients were followed through a cystoscopy every three months during the first two years and every six months thereafter in the design of retrospective cohort. Survival analysis was performed to analyze risk factors of the prognostic outcomes for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Canonical correlation analysis was conducted to present and interpret synthetically the multi-correlation between all kinds of prognostic outcomes and risk factor in multiply dimensions.

RESULTSThe average follow-up period was (6.65 +/- 4.74) years. Assessments at three, five, and 10 years showed recurrence rates, respectively, of (28.32 +/- 3.45)%, (35.31 +/- 3.83)%, and (42.48 +/- 4.40)%; progression rates of (8.89 +/- 2.14)%, (15.16 +/- 2.94)%, and (23.88 +/- 4.19)%; bladder-preservation rates of (94.68 +/- 1.74)%, (93.87 +/- 1.91)%, and (91.51 +/- 2.49)%; metastasis rates of (8.25 +/- 2.05)%, (11.24 +/- 2.47)%, and (28.94 +/- 4.93)%; and cancer-related survival rates of (95.02 +/- 1.62)%, (90.70 +/- 2.45)%, and (77.14 +/- 4.88)%. The main risk factors for recurrence were histological grade, blood transfusion during surgery and the duration of symptoms. Progression was affected by blood transfusion during surgery, histological grade, the number of re-examinations, and the length of the recurrence-free period. Metastasis was associated with tumor multifocality, hydronephrosis, microscopic growth pattern, and the recurrence-free period. Cancer-related survival was influenced by microscopic growth pattern and the recurrence-free period. Bladder preservation involved only the recurrence-free period. The comprehensive results from canonical correlation analysis showed that the main prognostic outcomes were cancer-related survival, metastasis and progression respectively, while the dominate risk factors were histological grade, tumor multifocality and blood transfusion.

CONCLUSIONSThe risk factors were different for each prognostic outcome of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. This is helpful for predicting the prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and designing therapeutic and follow-up strategies for this cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; mortality ; pathology ; Cohort Studies ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; mortality ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Transfusion Reaction ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology