BACKGROUND: Tendon transplantation is limited by deficiency of donor tendon or immunological rejection. With the development of cell culture and transplantation techniques and biomaterial science, tissue-engineered tendon, a novel ideal tendon substitute, can be used to repair tendon defect. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research course and novel advances of tissue-engineered tendon. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: A computer-based online search of PubMed database was undertaken to identify related English articles published between January 1994 and December 2007 with keywords "tissue engineering, artificial biocompatible tendon". In addition, we searched Wanfang database for related Chinese articles dated from January 1994 to December 2007 with the same keywords in Chinese. Eighty articles were collected from the above-mentioned databases, including 55 Chinese and 25 English. Only ①original articles with reliable argument, ②articles with clear viewpoints, and ③articles strongly correlated with the objective of the article were selected. Eight articles with unrelated content and 40 repetitive studies were excluded. LITERATURE EVALUATION: Thirty-two articles accorded with the inclusive criteria were included, including 10 animal experiments and in vivo, ex vivo and cytology experiments, 12 review articles, comments and lectures, and 10 clinical studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: Tendon injury not treated promptly may result in limb disturbance. Tissue-engineered tendons can repair the appearance and rebuilt the function of injured tendon, and serve as permanent substitutes. Currently, although tissue engineering is developing rapidly, there are still many problems in clinical application. Firstly, seed cells cannot only be harvested from autologous tenocytes. Secondly, how to improve materials to become ideal three-dimensional scaffold material for constructing organ, and how to simulate body environment to construct tendon tissue in vitro are still uncertain. CONCLUSION: Using bioreactor to simulate body environment to construct tissue-engineered tendon is future research focus.

Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute ; etiology ; therapy

Hepatorenal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation

Along with the mediated society,there are the problems in students'current media literacy,such as the alienation of media using,inability to distinguish'media reality'and'objective reality',lacking of media ethics and consciousness of self-discipline.Based on the analysis of these problems,in combination with the actual college education,we put forward the realization ways and the corresponding strategies to improve the students'media literacy.

Objective To explore NF-κB(P65)expression in breast cancer and its clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to examine the expression of NF-κB(P65)and its relationship with related elinicopathological factors were analyzed in eighty-seven IDC(invasive ductal cancinoma).Results NFκB(P65)expression was significantly correlated with lower tumor grading,maxilary lymph node metastasis,later TNM styng and HER-2 positive(all P＜0.05),but not with tumor size,age of the patient and the state of ER、PR.Conclusion NF-κB(P65)should be risk factors of poor prognosis in IDC.

This article reviewed the appli ca tion of molecular biology technology, such as genomics, DNA labeling technology, and DNA microarray. The aim is to provide the reference for the modernization o f Chinese material medica.

Aim To investigate whether ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes or stimulate the secretion of insulin.Methods For glucose consumption studies,the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined.?TC3 cells were also used to monitor insulin secretion.Results The glucose concentrations decreased significantly by ecdysterone 1?10~(-6)～10~(-4) mol?L~(-1),while glucose consumption increased by 44%～77% with ecdysterone.Glucose consumption declined as its concentrations increased.Insulin had no effect on glucose-lowering of ecdysterone.?TC3 cells were not stimulated by ecdysterone.Conclusion Ecdysterone is able to exert glucose-lowering effect on hepatocytes which is insulin independent,but has no effect on insulin secretion.

Aim To investigate the effects of ecdysterone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration of insulin. Methods The insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate was determined with ~3H-D-glucose uptake test which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell, and glucose consumption, the amounts of glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 h were determined. Results The incubation of insulin resistance cells with ecdysterone 1?10~ -6 ～10~ -4 mol?L~ -1 could significantly increase the glucose uptake and glucose consumption of the cells compared with that of control cells(P0.05). Conclusion Ecdysterone could improve the insulin sensitivity in the cell model and can attenuate the aggression of insulin resistance. The effect to improve the insulin sensitivity with ecdysterone is similar to that with pioglitazone.

Aim To establish insulin resistant HepG2 cell model induced by high concentration insulin in vitro culture and evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in the cell model.Methods HepG2 cells were incubated with 5?10~(-7)mol?L~(-1) insulin for 16 h and insulin-stimulated()~3H-D glucose incorporation was determined.Then,insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation rate which was used to estimate insulin sensitivity of HepG2 cell,and glucose consumption,the amountsof glucose disappeared from the culture medium of HepG2 cells within 24 hours was determined.The insulin resistance cells were incubated with pioglitazone 1?10~(-5) mol?L~(-1).Results It was demonstrated that the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was decreased significantly than that in the control cells.Insulin-resistant HepG2 cells were free from stimulation for 48 h by insulin,but the incorporation rate of()~3H-D-glucose was lower than that in control cells.Incubation of insulin resistance cells with pioglitazone significantly increased glucose uptake and glucose consumption by the cells compared with that of the control cells(P

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Submarine Medicine ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Young Adult