OBJECTIVETo compare the differences of the gene expressions in androgen-independent and androgen-dependent prostate cancer (ADPC), gain a deeper insight into the molecular mechanism of androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), and find effective means for its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSEats of genes highly-associated with prostate cancer were obtained by mining PubMed with the FACTA tool, and the specifically expressed genes in AIPC were analyzed with a set of bioinformatic tools including GATHER, PANTHER, STRING and ToppGene.

RESULTSA total of 128 genes specifically expressed in AIPC were identified, as compared with 23 that were specific to ADPC. Bioinformatic analysis showed the essential roles of AIPC-specific genes in such important biological processes as cell signal transduction, cell adhesion, apoptosis, oncogenesis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation.

CONCLUSIONSuch genes as MMPJ, EGFR, MMP2, ADM, MIF, IGFBP3, 112, MET, BAD, RHOA, SPP1, EP300, SMAD3, RAE1, PTK2, and TGFB2 may play important roles in transforming ADPC into AIPC.

Androgen Antagonists ; Androgens ; metabolism ; Computational Biology ; Data Mining ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of rabbit saphenous and sciatic nerve homogenates on the proliferation and calcification of rabbit osteoblasts in vitro.

METHODThe saphenous nerves (sensory nerves) and the muscular branches of the sciatic nerve (motor nerve) were collected from 48 New Zealand white rabbits to prepare the nerve tissue homogenates. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the rabbits and cultured in vitro, and after 14 days of routine osteogenic induction, the resultant osteoblasts were identified by immunohistochemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red S staining. The osteoblasts were then incubated in the induction medium containing the saphenous (sensory nerve group) or sciatic homogenates (motor nerve group), with the cells in the dexamethasone-containing, dexamethasone-free osteogenic induction medium and control medium as the control. The proliferation, total protein and ALP activity of the osteoblasts were measured every other day until the 8th day, and Alizarin red S staining was used for quantitative analysis of calcification of the cells after two weeks.

RESULTSThe application of the saphenous nerve homogenates significantly promoted cell proliferation, total protein and ALP activity (P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.05), while exposure of the osteoblasts to dexamethasone inhibited the cell proliferation (P<0.001). Compared to dexamethasone-free group, the saphenous homogenates enhanced the mineralization of the osteoblasts (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONSaphenous nerve homogenates significantly promotes the proliferation, differentiation, ALP activity and mineralization of rabbit osteoblasts, but sciatic nerve homogenates do not show osteogenic effects on the cells.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Calcification, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Sciatic Nerve ; chemistry ; Sensory Receptor Cells ; chemistry ; Tissue Extracts ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the meiotic segregation results of the spermatozoa from male pericentric inversion carriers by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH).

METHODSUsing chemical depolymerization and multicolor FISH, we analyzed the meiotic segregation results of the spermatozoa from 4 male pericentric inversion carriers.

RESULTSOf the 4 males studied, 46,XY,inv(9) (p11q12) was found in 2, 46,XY,inv(9) (p11q13) in 1 and 46,XY,inv(6) (p22q24) in the other; the lengths of the inverted segments represented 16.0, 16.0, 21.0 and 76.0% of the size of the whole chromosome involved; and the frequencies of recombinant sperm were 0.2, 0.4, 0.3 and 43.9%, del(p)/dup(q) accounting for 22.4% and del(q)/dup(p) 21.5%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMales with pericentric inversion may produce spermatozoa with recombinant chromosomes and the rate of recombination varies principally according to the size proportion to the whole chromosome involved. The results of FISH analysis of chromosomal unbalanced spermatozoa can provide accurate personalized information on the genetic risk of fertility.

Adult ; Chromosome Inversion ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Meiosis ; Spermatozoa

OBJECTIVETo analyze the specifically expressed genes in sperms for better understanding of the molecular characteristics of sperms.

METHODSThe hybridization data the genes in the sperms, oocytes and 10 normal tissues were retrieved from the GEO database to identify the genes expressed specifically in sperms and the patterns of their regulation using such bioinformatic tools as GATHER, PANTHER and DAVID.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSComparison of the spermatozoal gene expression profiles with those of the normal tissues identified 8998 differentially expressed probes, among which 25 genes were up-regulated by over 200 folds in the sperms. Comparison of the gene expression profiles between the oocytes and normal tissues resulted in the identification of 8981 differentially expressed probes. Of the 1709 up-regulated genes in the sperm with a ratio>5, 1218 genes showed similar expressions in the oocytes and the normal tissues, and 129 were up-regulated and 362 down-regulated in the oocytes. The 362 genes up-regulated in the sperms but down-regulated in the oocytes were involved mainly in protein modification and metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism, but very few participated in the intracellular signaling pathways. Numerous transcriptional factors containing the KRAB domain and receptor- independent serine/threonine kinase were specifically overexpressed in sperms, and the a very high proportion of the genes specifically overexpressed in the sperms coincided with the overexpressed genes in the neural stem cells and embryonic stem cells. The genes involved in the glycolysis were down-regulated in the sperms. These findings in the genes specifically expressed in the sperms by data mining using bioinformatic methods may provide better insight into the molecular characteristics of the sperms.

Adult ; Computational Biology ; methods ; Data Mining ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Objective To compare the effectiveness of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments(DIMS)and High Aspheric Lenslet(HAL)defocus lenses in controlling myopia.Methods A total of 214 children and adolescents who were fitted with defocus lenses(DIMS or HAL)in our hospital from January to June 2023 were selected,including 100 cases in DIMS group and 114 cases in the HAL group.Changes in parameters such as spherical lens power,cylindrical lens power,spherical e-quivalent(SE),corneal curvature(K),axial length(AL),binocular accommodative response(BCC),positive/negative relative accommodation(PRA/NRA),distance/near latent phoria(DLP/NLP),and accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio(AC/A)were compared between the two groups before wearing and after wearing the lenses for 6 months,and the effectiveness of myopia control between DIMS and HAL was further compared.Results After wearing the lenses(DIMS or HAL)for 6 months,the average increase in axial length was(0.09±0.14)mm,the average in-crease in spherical lens power was(-0.11±0.23)D,the average increase in astigmatism was(-0.07±0.16)DC,and the average increase in spherical equivalent was(-0.15±0.24)D,with statistically significant differences observed for all these changes(t=9.24,-7.27,-6.60,-9.03,respectively,P＜0.001).Compared with parameters before wearing the lenses,statistically significant differences were noted after wearing for 6 months in spherical lens power,cylindrical lens power,SE,BCC,PRA,DLP,average K,and AL(P≤0.001),except for NRA(t=-0.12,P＞0.05),NLP(t=-0.28,P＞0.05),and AC/A(t=0.33,P＞0.05).The differences in parameters between the two groups after wearing the lenses for 6 months showed a statistically signifi-cant difference only in the AL difference(t=4.38,P≤0.001),with no statistically significant differences observed for other parameter differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion Wearing defocus lenses has a positive effect on controlling myopia,delaying axial length elongation,and maintaining binocular visual function balance.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments(DIMS)and High Aspheric Lenslet(HAL)defocus lenses in controlling myopia.Methods A total of 214 children and adolescents who were fitted with defocus lenses(DIMS or HAL)in our hospital from January to June 2023 were selected,including 100 cases in DIMS group and 114 cases in the HAL group.Changes in parameters such as spherical lens power,cylindrical lens power,spherical e-quivalent(SE),corneal curvature(K),axial length(AL),binocular accommodative response(BCC),positive/negative relative accommodation(PRA/NRA),distance/near latent phoria(DLP/NLP),and accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio(AC/A)were compared between the two groups before wearing and after wearing the lenses for 6 months,and the effectiveness of myopia control between DIMS and HAL was further compared.Results After wearing the lenses(DIMS or HAL)for 6 months,the average increase in axial length was(0.09±0.14)mm,the average in-crease in spherical lens power was(-0.11±0.23)D,the average increase in astigmatism was(-0.07±0.16)DC,and the average increase in spherical equivalent was(-0.15±0.24)D,with statistically significant differences observed for all these changes(t=9.24,-7.27,-6.60,-9.03,respectively,P＜0.001).Compared with parameters before wearing the lenses,statistically significant differences were noted after wearing for 6 months in spherical lens power,cylindrical lens power,SE,BCC,PRA,DLP,average K,and AL(P≤0.001),except for NRA(t=-0.12,P＞0.05),NLP(t=-0.28,P＞0.05),and AC/A(t=0.33,P＞0.05).The differences in parameters between the two groups after wearing the lenses for 6 months showed a statistically signifi-cant difference only in the AL difference(t=4.38,P≤0.001),with no statistically significant differences observed for other parameter differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion Wearing defocus lenses has a positive effect on controlling myopia,delaying axial length elongation,and maintaining binocular visual function balance.

The overall health condition of patients significantly affects the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of endodontic diseases.A systemic consideration of the patient's overall health along with oral conditions holds the utmost importance in determining the necessity and feasibility of endodontic therapy,as well as selecting appropriate therapeutic approaches.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by specialists from endodontics and clinical physicians across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on clinical procedures,improve patient safety and enhance clinical outcomes of endodontic therapy in patients with compromised overall health.

Nowadays,with the continuous deepening and development of vocational education teaching reform,medical higher vocational education always takes moral education as the fundamental task.As an independent type of education,vocational education should always deepen the integration of industry and education and the integration of science and education.Through the teaching research of"problem chain+course ideological and political case",this study innovates the coordinated education team of drug nursing curriculum,the collaborative education method and the collaborative education evaluation,and improves the teaching effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of specific functional gene ACE (I/D) variants of the renin-angiotensin system with essential hypertension (EH) and interaction between ACE (I/D) gene and risk factors for EH in a genetically homogenous Mongolia rural population of China.

METHODSIndividuals (n=1099) were recruited from general population of Kezuohouqi Banner in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.

RESULTSThe association was found between ACE genotype DD plus ID and EH, with an interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and cigarette smoking in an additive model. Cigarette smoking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 7.10 to 1.16. Interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and alcohol drinking on EH appeared an additive model. Alcohol drinking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 1.66 to 1.09. BMI and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 6.15 to 2.49. Interactions between ACE genotype and WHR on EH showed a multiplicative model. In a short,there was an interaction between ACE gene and cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and BMI on EH, especially in a low dose-exposure effect

CONCLUSIONIt is important for individuals who carry ACE D allele gene to prevent EH, and furthermore, to prevent and control coronary heart disease, in a view of population-based prevention.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Alcohol Drinking ; Anthropometry ; Blood Glucose ; China ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Hypertension ; enzymology ; etiology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mongolia ; ethnology ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of congenital hemangioma (CH). Methods: Forty cases of CH were diagnosed from January 2017 to December 2020 in Henan Provincial People's Hospital. The clinical and pathological and immunohistochemical data were analyzed, with review of literature. Results: There were 24 male and 16 female patients. The lesions were located in the head, neck (11 cases), limbs (14 cases), and trunk (15 cases). The clinical manifestations were congenital painless plaques or masses, the larger ones protruded on the skin surface, mostly dusky purple or bright red, with surrounding white halos. Under low magnification, the tumor was lobular and well demarcated, composed of neo-microvascular lumen of different sizes. The vascular endothelial cells were cuboidal or hobnail in appearance, forming stellar drainage vessels within the lobules. Extra-medullary hematopoiesis was seen in one case of rapidly involuting CH; there were different number of tortuous and dilated vascular lumen between the lobular structures, and some non-involuting CH cases were vascular malformations, which were devoid of lobulated structures. Immunohistochemistry showed that endothelial cells were strongly positive for CD31, CD34 and ERG, while D2-40 and GLUT-1 were negative. Conclusions: CH is a benign congenital vascular tumor with characteristic lobulated growth and abnormal blood vessels in the stroma. Pathological diagnosis often needs to be differentiated from infantile hemangioma, pyogenic granuloma, kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and vascular malformation.
Endothelial Cells/pathology* ; Female ; Hemangioendothelioma/pathology* ; Hemangioma/pathology* ; Humans ; Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome/pathology* ; Male ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/pathology* ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology*