Objective To retrospectively analyze the value of postoperative adjuvant therapy in the treatment of stageⅢthoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC) . Methods From 2008 to 2011, a total of 395 patients with stageⅢthoracic ESCC undergoing radical resection were enrolled as subjects. In those patients.97 received surgery alone (S).212 postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (POCT),and 86 postoperative radiotherapy (PORT).Comparison of categorical data was made by chi?square test. The survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan?Meier method. The log?rank test was used for between?group comparison and univariate analysis. Results All patients were followed up for at least 3 years.125 cases were followed up for at least 5 years. The 5?year overall survival ( OS) rates in patients treated with S,POCT and PORT were 17. 1%,29. 2% and 36. 4%,respectively (P=0. 000).POCT and PORT could mainly increased OS in patients of males.upper?and middle?segment,severe ahhesion at surgery.well?or middle?differentiation,stageⅢa andⅢb(P=0. 000?0. 049);whenever ages.tumor lesion,two?/three field esophagectomy.and the number of removal lymph nodes. PORT could improved OS also (P=0. 001?0. 047).POCT could also improve OS in patients of ages≤60, tumor lesion<6 cm and removal lymph nodes<10 ( P=0. 002?0. 049 ) . The 5?year progression?free survival (PFS) were 19. 0% with S,28. 8% with POCT,36. 4% with PORT,respectively (P=0. 012).PORT could improve PFS (P=0. 012);especially for patients of males,ages ≤60,upper?and middle segment ESCC,tumor lesion ≥6 cm,severe ahhesion at surgery,removal lymph node<10 and ≥10,well or middle differentiation,stageⅢa andⅢb(P=0. 001?0. 042).But POCT could not increased PFS (P=0. 119) . Conclusions In the treatment of patients with stage Ⅲ thoracic ESCC undergoing radical resection,both POCT and PORT can improve the OS rate, particularly in patients with stage Ⅲa or Ⅲb middle and upper thoracic ESCC, severe adhesion formation during surgery. and moderately or well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The DFS rate is improved in patients treated with PORT,but not in those treated with POCT.

Objective To study the expression of plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in children with acute phase Kawasaki disease (KD), and investigate its value for early prediction of coronary artery lesions in KD. Methods Totally 80 children with KD were collected. Children were divided into four groups by the results of echocardiogram of coronary artery in different periods: CAL1 group (children with coronary artery lesions (CAL+) both in acute and sub-acute phase, 8 cases), CAL2 group (children with CAL+in acute phase but recovery normal (CAL-) in sub-acute phase, 10 cases), NCAL1 group (children with CAL-in acute phase but occur CAL+ in sub-acute phase, 10 cases) and NCAL2 group (children with CAL- both in acute and sub-acute phase, 52 cases). The serum samples (before the use of intravenous immunoglobulin) were collected in acute phase. Twenty healthy controls and twenty fever controls were enrolled into the study, and their serum samples were collected. OxLDL was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They were compared using ANOVA, pairwise comparison LSD-t test. And ROC curve analysis was used to determine the threshold. Results Compared with the control groups,plasma oxLDL levels were higher in children with KD, both CA+and CAL-[(15.0±3.3) mU/L, (12.3±3.5) mU/L vs (9.2±2.2) mU/L, (8.0±2.3) mU/L, F=20.435, P<0.05]. Plasma oxLDL levels were increased more significantly in children with CAL+ than children with CAL- in KD [(15.0 ±3.3) mU/L vs (12.3 ±3.5) mU/L, t=2.28, P=0.002]. There was significant difference in the concentration of oxLDL between the groups of Kawasaki disease (F=5.068, P=0.003). Plasma oxLDL levels were significantly higher in the NCAL1 group than those in the NCAL2 group [(14.5 ±3.8) mU/L vs (11.9±3.3) mU/L, t=2.29, P=0.02], but there were no statistically significant difference between the NCAL1 group and CAL1 or CAL2 group [(14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (15.9±3.9) mU/L, (14.5±3.8) mU/L vs (14.2±2.7) mU/L, t=0.73, 0.20;P=0.41, 0.84]. ROCs analysis indicated that oxLDL≥13.83 mU/L, could be the threshold for the prediction of coronary artery lesions with the sensitivity of 0.607 and a specificity of 0.75. Conclusion OxLDL plays an important role in coronary artery lesions in KD. The coronary endothelial dysfunction is earlier than coronary dilatation, and oxLDL is expected to become a reliable early predictor of coronary artery lesions in KD.

OBJECTIVEto study the oxidative stress of rats with acute paraquat poisoning and the intervention of Sodium Dimercaptopropane Sulfonate (NA-DMPS).

METHODSEighty male SD rats were randomizedly divided into: the normal control group (n=8), NA-DMPS control group (n=8), the PQ group (n=32, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with 1% PQ solution at the dosage of 20 mg/kg) and the NA-DMPS protected group (n=32). The rats in the groups of normal and NA-DMPS control were sacrificed 1d after administration of NS or NA-DMPS. And the rats in the PQ group and the NA-DMPS protected group were sacrificed at 6h, 1, 3, 7d after poisoning. Samples of serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were gathered. The MDA and CAT in serum, BALF and lung homogenate, the glutathione (GSH) in serum and BALF were measured. And the expression of Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA in lung was tested with RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the activities of MDA and CAT in serum, BALF and lung homogenate are higher in both groups of PQ and NA-DMPS protected. And compared with the PQ group, the activities of MDA in serum, BALF and lung homogenate of the NA-DMPS protected group decreased significantly at 6h, 1d after poisoning, whereas the activities of CAT are higher at 6h, 1, 3d in serum and 1, 3d in BALF and lung homogenate (P<0.05 or P<0.001). The serum GSH at 6h, 3d of the NA-DMPS protected group [(730.07 +/- 16.23), (793.66 +/- 7.40)] were higher than those in the PQ group. And the BALF GSH at 1, 3d of the NA-DMPS protected group [(609.75 +/- 6.74), (631.83 +/- 12.03)] were also markedly higher than the PQ group (P<0.05 or P<0.001). The expression of NRF2 mRNA of the lung at 1, 3, 7d in the PQ group [(0.71 +/- 0.061), (1.023 +/- 0.158), (0.969 +/- 0.046)] and the NA-DMPS protected group [(1.005 +/- 0.06), (1.464 +/- 0.166), (1.066 +/- 0.191)] were significantly higher than those in the control groups. Compared with the PQ group, the expression of NRF2 mRNA of the lung increased markedly in the NA-DMPS protected group at 1, 3d (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONNa-DMPS decreases the activity of MDA and increases the activity of CAT, GSH and the expression of Nrf2 mRNA. NA-DMPS can protected rats from PQ intoxication by improving the balance of redox reaction.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Unithiol ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression and effect of thrombomodulin (TM) mRNA and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat poisoned rats, and intervention of sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate (Na-DMPS).

METHODSEighty male SD rats were randomizedly divided into four groups: the normal control group (n=8), the Na-DMPS control group (n=8, administered with 200 mg/kg Na-DMPS intraperitoneally), the PQ group (n=32, administered with 20 mg/kg 1% PQ intraperitoneally), the NA-DMPS protected group (n=32, administered with 200 mg/kg Na-DMPS intraperitoneally before with 20 mg/kg 1% PQ). The expression of TM mRNA and EPCR mRNA in the PQ group and the Na-DMPS protected group was evaluated at the six hour, on the first, third and seventh day.

RESULTSThe expression of TM mRNA and EPCR mRNA in lung tissue of poisoned rats, was significantly increased and reached the peak at the six hour, was decreased slowly on the first day, and returned to normal level on the seventh day. In the Na-DMPS protected group, at the six hour and on the first day, the expression of TM mRNA (1.071 +/- 0.097, 1.055 +/- 0.051) was less than that in the PQ group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). EPCR mRNA (0.678 +/- 0.005), (0.650 +/- 0.007) at the six hour and on the first day in the Na-DMPS protected group was less than that in the PQ group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of TM mRNA and EPCR mRNA of rats after PQ intoxication is increased, and can significantly be decreased after administered with Na-DMPS.

Animals ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; metabolism ; Thrombomodulin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Unithiol ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor on the healing of experimental gastric ulcer in rats and explore its mechanisms in light of gastric acid secretion.

METHODSGastric ulcers were induced in rats by an application of acetic acid to the serosal surface of the anterior gastric body. The effects of selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, on the healing of gastric ulcer, the total acidity of gastric juice, the expressions of H+, K+-ATPase mRNA and protein, and the ultrastructure of the parietal cell were observed in comparison with the effects of normal saline.

RESULTSNine days after ulcer induction, the ulcer area was 11.9-/+3.1 mm square and 19.7-/+3.8 mm square in rats with normal saline and celecoxib treatments, respectively (P<0.01). The total acidity of gastric juice and the expressions of H+, K+-ATPase mRNA and protein in celecoxib group were significantly higher than that in normal saline group at both 6 and 9 days after ulcer induction, but no significant difference was found between the two groups in the amount of secretary canaliculus and microvillus.

CONCLUSIONSelective COX-2 inhibitor can significantly delay the healing of experimental gastric ulcer in rats, the mechanism of which might be associated with enhanced digestive action of gastric acid on the new granulation tissue at the ulcer base as a result of celecoxib-stimulated gastric acid secretion of the parietal cells.

Animals ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gastric Acid ; secretion ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Microvilli ; drug effects ; pathology ; Parietal Cells, Gastric ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stomach Ulcer ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an effective component of traditional Chinese medicine Chuanxiong, is commonly used to resolve embolism. Its possible therapeutic effect against atherosclerosis has received considerable attention recently. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is highly implicated in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), resulting in atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of TMP in the proliferation of VSMCs induced by Ang II remain to be defined. The present study was aimed to study the effect of TMP on Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation through detection of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression. Primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells were divided into the control group, Ang II group, Ang II + TMP group and TMP group. Cells in each group were harvested at different time points (15, 30 and 60 min for detection of NF-kappaB activity; 6, 12 and 24 h for measurement of BMP-2 expression). NF-kappaB activation was identified as nuclear staining by immunohistochemistry. BMP-2 expression was observed through Western blot, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The results showed that: (1) Ang II stimulated the activation of NF-kappaB. Translocation of NF-kappaB p65 subunit from cytoplasm to nucleus appeared as early as 15 min, peaked at 30 min (P<0.01) and declined after 1 h. (2) TMP inhibited Ang II-induced NF-kappaB activation (P<0.01). (3) Ang II increased BMP-2 expression at 6 h but declined it significantly at 12 and 24 h (P<0.01). (4) BMP-2 expression was also kept at high level at 6 h in Ang II + TMP group but maintained at the normal level at 12 and 24 h. (5) There was no significant difference in NF-kappaB activation and BMP-2 expression between the control group and TMP group. These results indicate that TMP inhibits Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation through repression of NF-kappaB activation and BMP-2 reduction, and BMP-2 expression is independent of the NF-kappaB pathway. In conclusion, TMP has therapeutic potential for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Angiotensin II ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Immunohistochemistry ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the stress distribution and fracture mechanism of proximal femur under impact loads.

METHODSThe image data of one male's femur were collected by the Lightspeed multi-lay spiral computed tomography. A 3D finite element model of the femur was established by employing the finite element software ANSYS, which mainly concentrated on the effects of the directions of the impact loads arising from intense movements and the parenchyma on the hip joint as well as those of the femur material properties on the distribution of the Mises equivalent stress in the femur after impact.

RESULTSThe numerical results about the effects of the angle sigma of the impact loads to the anterior direction and the angle gamma of the impact loads to the femur shaft on the bone fracture were given. The angle sigma had larger effect on the stress distribution than the angle gamma, which mainly represented the fracture of the upper femur including the femoral neck fracture when the posterolateral femur was impacted. This result was consistent with the clinical one. The parenchyma on the hip joint has relatively large relaxation effect on the impact loads.

CONCLUSIONSA 3D finite element analysis model of the femoral hip joint under dynamic loads is successfully established by using the impact dynamic theory.

Femur ; physiology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Stress, Mechanical ; Weight-Bearing ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo establish the fingerprint detecting standard of Qingyin injection.

METHODBy adopting GC and HPLC, camphor and chlorogenic acid were used as reference material. To analyze separately Qingyin injection which contains volatile and non-volatile chemials. According to the technical requirements of fingerprint on Injection of Chinese traditional medicine, we calculated their bn relative retention time and area proportionality of peaks to determine the common peaks of fingerprint.

RESULTOn the basis of systematic methodalogy, we tested and analyzed 13 batches of sample injection so as to establish GC and HPLC fingerprint of the injection.

CONCLUSION15 common peaks on GC and 6 common peaks as well as their retention time and area proportionality on HPLC can be used as the important parameters of the quality control for Qingyin injection.

Artemisia annua ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Gas ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Injections ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intact canal wall tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy (ICWT) with titanium ossicular prostheses. METHOD: A retrospective review was performed on 31 patients who underwent ICWT from 2008 to 2011. Patients' postoperative hearing results and complication rates were evaluated based on different types of ossicular prosthesis: partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP), total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP). RESULT: The total effectiveness was 87.1%. No prosthesis was extruded. There was no significant difference in postoperative hearing results (average postoperative gain and ABG) between the two prostheses. In the low frequency (0.5 kHz), significant difference in ABG was found. CONCLUSION No significant difference in postoperative hearing results was found between PORP and TORP, which could be useful materials for tympanoplasty and obviously improve the hearing of otitis media patients after operation. As for the low incidence of postoperative complications in our short-term study, long-term follow-up visit is necessary.
Adult ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ossicular Prosthesis ; Retrospective Studies ; Titanium ; Tympanoplasty ; instrumentation ; methods

XYL1 gene,which encodes xylose reductase with dual coenzyme activity from Candida tropicalis,was transformed into Pichia pastoris X-33 by expression vector pGAPZB.The recombination strain was immobilized in Ca-alginate beads and fermentation characterization is studied using corn cob hydrolysates.Fermentation conditions were as follow:initial pH value 6.0,30℃,initial cell concentration of 20%,the Liquid volume of 28%,rotation speed 130r/min.The average xylitol yield was 37.5% on the optimum condition.This result is expected to provide a new alternative method for producing xylitol on a large scale by bioconversion.