The investigations on the interactive relationships of DNA replication, damage repair and recombination have been locating in the frontline and becoming one of the hotspots in today's life science research. More and more studies show that the processes of DNA replication, damage repair and recombination are both independent and interdependent in the molecular level. These pathways coordinate and conform each other through interactions of many critical proteins in the pathways, by which DNA molecules, known as genetical materials, can be well maintained in cell and faithfully transferred through cellular generations. By using E. coli as a model system, the recent progresses and the possible rules underlying E. coli DNA replication, repair and recombination have been analyzed. As it is believed that the researches on E. coli DNA replication, repair and recombination may be capable of providing clues to the eukaryotic research based on the universal conservations of the critical proteins in the pathways.

Objective To explore the minimal residual disease (MRD) and cellular chimerism in patients with hematopoietic malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods From May 2001 to June 2005,83 patients received allo-HSCT,including 55 males and 28 females. Of them 49 patients received sibling HLA-matched bone marrow transplantation (BMT),3 HLA-matched peripheral blood stem cell transplantation,8 un-related BMT,9 nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST) and 14 related haploidentical transplantation. Among them,49 patients were diagnosed as having CML,16 having AML,16 having ALL,one having multiple myeloma and one having malignant lymphoma. Chimerism and MRD were monitored by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using X and Y specific centromeric probes or gene probes for BCR/ABL,MLL and AML1/ETO. 1000 cells were analyzed for each sample.Results Among 19 patients receiving sex-matched transplant,the former chromosome rearrangements were not found in 16 patients after transplantation,MRD was detected in 10 % of cells in one patient and 1 % of cells having MRD in 4th month after the reduction of immunotherapy,and the patients were still in remission one year after transplantation. Two patients were found having the former chromosomal rearrangement 1 and 4 months after transplantation,respectively,who did not achieve remission after chemotherapy. Over 99 % donor chimerisms were found in 50 patients on day 25,donor cells were at a low level ( 96.2 % ~ 98.7 % ) in 7 patients on day 25,and increased over 99 % later. They were in remission without relapse. The donor chimerisms were decreased gradually in other 7 patients,of them 3 patients with the host cells above 10 % showed hematologic relapse. Four patients with the host cells between 2 %~5 % had different outcomes: 2 patients died of severe GVHD after the reduction of cyclosporine A,one patient got a donor chimerism over 99 % after reduction of immunotherapy,and one patient was still in complete remission.Conclusions FISH could play a pivotal role in the detection of MRD and chimerism. It is helpful to the evaluation of graft and relapse and to the guide of intervention of early immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the advantages of three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of nasal fractures with spiral computed tomography (CT) in comparison with roentgenography in medico-legal expertise. Methods CT scanning was performed in 32 cases with complex nasal fractures by Somatom Balance on 2mm/2mm scan. The images were reconstructed with maximum intensity projection (MIP), multi-plannar reconstruction (MPR), shaded surface display (SSD), and volume rendering (VR) mode and compared with roentgenographic images. Result Nasal fractures evaluated by roentgenography were detected to be false-positive in 3 cases and misdiagnosed fracture type in 6 cases as re-evaluated by 3-D reconstruction. Conclusion 3-D reconstruction images are of advantages over roentgenographic images in evaluation of broken bone fragments, displacement, fracture type for clinical diagnosis and medicolegal expertise.

For both Yin - and yang juandice observations were made on liver functions, bilirubin, RBC hematocrit, T lymphocyte subgroup, cholic acid, hyaluronie acid, laninated mucin. It was found that, for both group. there were, not only difference in signs and symptoms but also differences in laboratory indices. It was primarily supposed that, for yin - juandice. there are decrease of bilirubin catabolism by hepatic cells. Further, the source of bilirubin is increased, abnormal hepatic microcirculation, liver fibrosis and hypofunction of metabolism, the pathological characteristics of yin juandice being weekness in both body resistance, and the pathogens, with stagnation of bile and stasis of the blood.

OBJECTIVE:To gain an idea of current situation of pharmacoeconomic research work in China,so as to promote the level of research work.METHODS:Exisisting problems in pharmacoeconomic research work in 49 articles,published in domestic journals in recent 2 years,were analysed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:In 49 articles,there exist 8 problems including method of analysis,source of data and cost accounting ect.,which indicates that the pharmacoeconomic research is still in immature stage in China and clinicians and pharmacists should explore these problems without cease to make the research become better day by day and apply to clinical practice early.

Pre-disease is a condition in which characteristic symptoms are not prominent.That is to say pre-disease is lack of key proof to be diagnosed as a disease,but has common symptoms as well as signs.It is said in Inner Canon of Huangdi that "prefer prevention to treatment",which needs doctors to find unusual symptoms in early stage of diseases then take positive preventive measures to help patients regain health.Diabetes mellitus(DM) is one of the life style-related diseases which associated with unhealthy habits of human beings.Pre-diabetes mellitus mainly refers to impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).With the help of modern medical technology,doctors and patients should focus on pre-diabetes by combining TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation and health care,in order to stop DM at early stage.

Objective To study the effect of ligustrazini (LGT) and propofol (PRO) on hepatocellular energy metabolism in the reperfusion injury after hepatic ischemia in rabbits and its mechanism. Methods The rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 in each), hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) group, HIR+LGT group (B), HIR+PRO group (C) and HIR+ LGT+PRO group (D). The contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), total adenylic acid number (TAN), energy charge (EC), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide products (NO2-/NO3-) in the liver tissue were measured at 45 minutes after reperfusion. Results The contents of ATP, NO and SOD activity of the liver tissue in B, C, D groups were higher than those in HIR group (P

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is nowadays one of the leading common causes of cancer death and mostly occurs in hepatitis B endemic areas.Typically,HCC patients presented late and only about 20% of the patients are amendable to surgical interventions.Surgical resection is the main curative treatment option.Nevertheless,the recurrence rate after potential curative liver resection is still very high.On the other hand,liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for early small HCC but its application is limited by the availability of liver grafts.Radiofrequency ablation is more commonly used in cirrhotic patients with small tumours who are not surgical candidates.Nowadays,transarterial chemoembolisation,drugeluting bead transarterial chemoembolisation and radioembolisation are the mainstay of treatments for the patients with intermediate HCC.Other systemic approaches,such as hormonal therapy,immunotherapy and chemotherapy have disappointing results.In particular,HCC is highly refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy.This is no convincing evidence thus far that systemic chemotherapy improves overall survival in advanced HCC patients.Recently,encouraging results have been shown in using sorafenib in the treatment of advanced HCC patients.Similar to sorafenib,other anti-angiogenic multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors,such as pazopanib,brivanib and axitinib also show promising activity in various stages of clinical trials.There is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that may guide the rational use of sorafenib and other targeted agents in the era of personalised medicine.More importantly,the multidisciplinary model in managing HCC patients is the important key to the future success.

OBJECTIVE:To study the quality standard of root of Urtica dioica and investigate the sample’s content in different harvest periods. METHODS:TLC was conducted to identify the scopoletin in the root of U. dioica with the developing agent of hexane-dichloromethane- ethyl acetate- formic acid (6∶10∶7∶1.2,V/V/V/V);alcohol-hot dipping was used to determine the con-tent;and the root of U. dioica in different harvest periods were comparatively researched. RESULTS:The lactone thin-layer chro-matogram feature was obvious,alcohol-hot dipping showed the contents of root of u. dioica was relatively high(RSD≤1%),the ex-tract content of root of U. dioica was the highest from late fall to early spring,and the stage was suitable excavation period. CON-CLUSIONS:The established quality standard can be used for accurately qualitative and quantitative,and studying different harvest periods is conducive to effectively control the quality of root of U. dioica.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of ventilator circuit change frequency on ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP).MethodsMeta-analysis of effects of ventilator circuit change frequency on VAP was conducted with study-level data from 1995 to 2010 in Pubmed,Embase,Web of Science databases.ResultsNine articles were included (sample size:20 326 mechanically ventilated patients).Analysis of six articles showed that the incidence of VAP in ventilator circuit change every 2 or 3 days was 4.05％,while 3.65％ in ventilator circuit change every 7 days.Compared with change ventilator circuit every 2 or 3 days,the risk ratio (RR) of VAP in weekly changes was 0.77 [0.54,1.09] ( P =0.14 ).Analysis three articles showed that compared to ventilator circuit change every 7 days with 15.89％ incidence of VAP,the incidence of VAP in circuit change more than 14 days was 14.9％,and RR was 0.98 [0.69,1.39](P =0.91 ).ConclusionsRegular ventilator circuit change frequency in various intervals can't difference in the incidence of VAP in mechanical ventilation patients.