BACKGROUND: As a multifunctional cell growth factor, vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) plays various biological roles under some physiologic and pathologic conditions. OBJECTIVE: To summarize molecular structure and biological effects of VEGF. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: A computer-based online search of PubMed database was undertaken to identify related English articles dated from January 1989 to December 2007 with keywords"VEGF, molecular structure, biological effect, diabetes, diabetic macroangiopathy". 934 articles were firstly collected, including 38 about molecular structure and biological effects of VEGF, and 896 about diabetes and diabetic macroangiopathy. After the first trial, only articles about ①molecular structure and biological characteristics of VEGF, and ②diabetes and diabetes complicated by coronary heart disease or limb vascular disease were selected. 897 repetitive, outdated and unrelated articles were excluded. Finally, 35 articles were included. LITERATURE EVALUATION: Of 35 articles, there were 17 ones about animal trials, and in vivo, in vitro and cytological studies, 8 of review articles and comments, and 10 clinical studies. All articles were individual evaluation. DATA SYNTHESIS: Human VEGF genes consist of 8 exons and 7 introns, and are located in 6p21.3 region. VEGF encodes several isoforms with different biological characteristics. Two VEGF receptors display different biological effects. VEGF and its receptors are regulated by various factors. The receptors interact with ligand and play biological effect. In diabetic patients complicated by coronary heart disease, myocardial VEGF mRNA and protein expressions are increased but the expressions of two kinds of receptors are decreased compared with non-diabetic patients. Compared to patients with non-severe lower limb ischemia, VEGF production is more in diabetic patients complicated by severe lower limb ischemia. It is demonstrated that VEGF can restore injured neovascularization. However, VEGF therapy for diabetes still needs further study. CONCLUSION: VEGF can restore impaired neovascularization. VEGF expression shows diversity under diabetic macroangiopathy. Further study should be made focusing on the prevention value of VEGF to diabetic macroangiopathy.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of Holter monitor(DCG) in the diagnosis and treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Methods According to NT-proBNP ＞ 2 000pg/mL,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40％,New York Heart Association (NYHA) rated Ⅲ-Ⅳ,67 patients with DCM were divided into the high risk group and nonhigh risk group.All kinds of arrhythmia patients proportion was compared between the two groups,in order to understand the risk factors of DCM and arrhythmias.Results In high risk group,18 cases had ventricular tachycardia,the incidence rate was 66.7％,which was significantly higher than that of non high risk group (2 cases,5.0％) (x2 =29.271,P ＜ 0.01).While other arrhythmia,atrial premature beats,single premature ventricular contraction,atrial fibrillation and so on,had no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The DCM patients with various types of arrhythmia,ventricular tachycardia in patients directly influence the severity and prognosis,Holter monitor has an irreplaceable role.

The regulations related to some metals and their compounds often found in personal care products were introduced in this paper. The general symptoms, skin absorption and reactivity ,allergic and toxic potential induced by some metals and their compounds in cosmetics were reviewed. An important task was put forward for enhancing the research of toxicological safety evaluation of cosmetics in China.

The same paraffin-embedded specimen of skin biopsy from each of 29 patients with cutaneous malignant lymphomas (CML) and 7 patients with cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates (CLI) was estimated simultaneously and retrospectively by karyomorphometry and proliferating rate assay. The results showed that the differences in nuclear volumes (NVs), count of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions(AgNORs) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA-PC10) indices (PC10Is) between CML and CLI were statistically very significant. The NVs and PC10Is were correlated to the death rate of patients. NVs were also correlated to AgNORs.

To study the antiarrhythmic effect of the newly developed alpha/beta-blocker TJ0711, a variety of animal models of arrhythmia were induced by CaCl2, ouabain and ischemia/reperfusion. Glass microelectrode technique was used to observe action potentials of right ventricular papillary muscle of guinea pig. The onset time of arrhythmia induced by CaCl2 was significantly prolonged by TJ0711 at 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1) doses. TJ0711 (1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly shorten the ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) duration, the incidence of VF and mortality were significantly reduced. On ischemia-reperfusion-induced arrhythmic model, TJ0711 (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly reduce the ventricular premature contraction (PVC), VT, VF incidence, mortality, arrhythmia score with a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, rats serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities decreased significantly by TJ0711 (1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)). Ouabain could cause arrhythmia in guinea pigs, when TJ0711 (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) was given, the doses of ouabain inducing a variety of arrhythmia PVC, VT, VF, cardiac arrest (CA) were significantly increased with a dose-dependent manner. In the TJ0711 0.1-30 micromol x L(-1) concentration range, guinea pig right ventricular papillary muscle action potential RP (rest potential), APA (action potential amplitude) and V(max) (maximum velocity of depolarization) were not significantly affected. APD20, APD50 and APD90 had a shortening trend but no statistical difference with the increase of TJ0711 concentration. TJ0711 has antiarrhythmic effect on the sympathetic nerve excitement and myocardial cell high calcium animal arrhythmia model. Myocardial action potential zero phase conduction velocity and resting membrane potential were not inhibited by TJ0711. APD20, APD50 and APD90 were shortened by TJ0711 at high concentration. Its antiarrhythmic action mechanism may be besides the action of blocking beta1 receptor, may also have a strong selective blocking action on alpha1 receptor and reducing intracellular calcium concentration.
Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; blood ; chemically induced ; etiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Calcium Chloride ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; complications ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; physiology ; Ouabain ; Papillary Muscles ; cytology ; Phenoxypropanolamines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

[Objective] To observe the sera immunoglobulin E(IgE) and Complement C3(C3)level changes in patients with chronic urticaria.[Methods] To detect sera IgE and Complement C3 content of 60 cases of chronic urticaria patients and 60 cases of healthy persons by chemiluminescence and Immunity Transmission Turbidity.At the same time,we tested sera IgE and Complement C3 content of both penetration needling and drug groups before and after treatment of 60 cases,and anaylysed the correlation of IgE and Complement C3.[Results]Higher level of sera IgE was detected in patients with chronic urticaria(P 0.05);the correlation of IgE and Complement C3 was negative in both groups.[Conclusions]Detecting Sera IgE and Complement C3 level have reference value in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic urticaria.

Objective To evaluate the technique of laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Methods 11 cases with ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty via post abdominal cavity approach. Results All the operations have been successful,the operating time being 2 to 4 h and the blood loss 40 to 90 ml. Ultrasound B investigation 3 to 24 months after the procedure showed no hydronephrosis in all and IVU analysis in 6 cases one year after the operation disclosed good outcome with less morbidity. Conclusions Laparoscopic pyeloplasty is an effective way to treat UPJ obstruction with minimal trauma to the patient.

Objective To test whether sodium arsenite can induce in vitro reverse mutation of Salmonella typhimurium histamine-auxotroph mutant. Methods Ames test was carded out with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97,TA98,TA100 and TA102 by standard method with or without the liver microsomal enzyme activation system (+S9,-S9). Results At concentrations of sodium arsenite from 500.00 to 5000.00 μg/plate, no colonies were seen on the plates of TA97,TA98,TA100 or TA102, with or without the presence of S9. At concentrations of sodium arsenite of 0.01,0.10,10.00 μg/plate and with the presence of S9, twice as many colonies grew on the plates of TA102 as the negative control(P<0.05). Without S9 activation,twice as many colonies grew on the plates of TA100 as the negative control(P<0.05)at concentrations of sodium arsenite of 1.00,10.00 μg/plate(P<0.05). The reverse mutation colonies induced by sodium arsenite in TA98 strain were twice as many as negative control group at concentrations of 0.01,0.10 μg/plate(P<0.05). There was no obvious increase of the strain clones in the other(P0.05). Conclusions With and without S9 activation, the doses of 500.00,5000.00 μg/plate sodium arsenite resulted in a toxic effect and a reduction of the revertants among the strain. At concentrations of 0.01～10.00 μg/plate, sodium arsenite exhibited mutngenesis effects.

Objective To investigate the olanzapine and quetiapine quetiapine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease patients of different clinical effects and influence on the swallowing function of patient.Methods According to the order of visits to the author departments were 73 cases of Alzheimer's patients were divided into group A(37 cases) and group B(36 cases).Patients in group A were treated with olanzapine in the treatment of, and group B with quetiapine in the treatment, the time of the two groups of patients are 12 weeks, to observe the differences of the two groups during the treatment of swallowing function indexes and clinical efficacy.Results After treatment, the MMSE scores of two groups of patients compared with pre-treatment, there was no statistical significance and BEHAVE-AD score before treatment significantly decreased ( P <0.05 ).Post-treatment, the patients in two groups of MMSE, BEHAVE-AD score difference does not have statistical significance.The difference of clinical efficacy between two groups post-treatment was not statistically significant.Watian drinking water test score of two groups Post-treatment, SaO2 decreased value compared with those pre-treatment significantly increased (P<0.05).After treatment of two groups of patients Watian drinking water test score difference does not have statistical significance, and post-treatment, patients in group B of SaO2 decreased value lower than that in group A ( P <0.05 ).Mild dysphagia, two cases of moderate swallowing dysfunction occurred in twenty-six patients in group A, group B with mild swallowing dysfunction occurred in twenty-one patients, A group of swallowing dysfunction more serious than group B serious ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Olanzapine and quetiapine quetiapine in the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease clinical effect quite, patient's swallowing function cause some adverse effects, effects of olanzapine is more serious.

Objective To compare the effect of single-tube drainage with that of two-tube drainange in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with VATS upper-lobectomy.Methods Between August 2012 and August 2014,100 NSCLC patients who had received VATS upper-lobectomy performed by a single surgeon were prospectively enrolled and randomly classified into a single-tube drainage group(A) and a two-tube drainage group(B),consisting of 49 and 51 patients respectively.Upper-lobectomy and systematic mediastinal node dissection or sampling were performed in all cases.Clinical and surgical variables were collected prospectively.Results There were no significant differences in demographic and pathologic features between two groups.The amount/duration of drainage,the postoperative hospitalization days,postoperative morbidity and mortality between two groups showed no significant difference either.Group A patients had significantly lower VAS pain scores in the second day (4.06 ± 0.97 vs 4.47 ± 0.86,P =0.027) and one month after surgery (1.31 ± 0.68 vs 1.61 ± 0.64,P =0.024)compared with group B patients.Conclusion Single-tube drainage is as safe and effective as the conventional use of two-tube drainage after VATS upper-lobectomy in NSCLC patients.Moreover,single-tube drainage can relieve the post-operative pain for the patients.